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December 15,2012
Volume 5,Issue 23
Pages -
Subject Area:Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine,Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Basic Theories of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Biomedical Engineering,Immunopathology

Title: Protection of Qishengyiqi dripping pills on rats with myocardial infarction of Qi deficiency and blood stasis

Authors: XU Yingzhi, ZHANG Junping, YANG Cui, PANG Shuchao, WANG Xiaoling, LIN Yang
PP: 2290-2295
Abstract: Objective: To observe the protection of Qishenyiqi (QSYQ) dripping pills and its influence mechanism on glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) pathway. Methods: 50 male SD (sprague dawley) rats were randomly divided into normal group, model control group, experimental model group, isosorbide dinitrate (ISD) group and QSYQ group, each group included 10 rats. The myocardial infarction model and the deficiency of Qi and blood stasis myocardial infarction model were established respectively. With ISD and QSYQ dripping pill intervention, cardiac ejection fraction (EF), myocardial infarction and protein and gene expression of GSK-3β, Toll like receptor 4 (TRL4), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), β-catenin in myocardial tissue were observed. Results: After nitroblue tetrazol ium (NBT) staining, myocardial tissue in the normal group was stained purple; Large gray infracted regions and smaller gray infarction areas in myocardial tissue were found in model groups and QSYQ group respectively. The EF in the model groups was significantly lower than that in the normal group; The cardiac function was significantly improved in ISD and QSYQ group (P<0.01). Immunohistochemical results showed that the number of cells with positive expression of GSK-3β and TRL4 proteins decreased in the normal group, which was lower than that in model group (P<0.01); ISD and QSYQ dripping pills could decrease the expression of GSK-3β and TRL4 protein (P<0.01). Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) results showed that the expression level of β-catenin gene was the highest while the expression level of NF-κB gene was the lowest in the normal group. The expression level of β-catenin gene in the model group was lower than that in normal group, while the xepression level of NF-κB gene in the model group was higher than that in normal group (P<0.01); Both ISD and QSYQ dripping pills could promote the expression of β-catenin gene, while inhibit the expression of NF-κB gene (P<0.01). Conclusion: QSYQ dripping pills could inhibit the death of myocardial cells through regulating TRL4/NF-κB, GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway, thus achieved the protection effect on myocardial.
Keywords: combined therapy of Chinese and Western; Qishenyiqi pills; the deficiency of Qi and blood stasis myocardial infarction model; glycogen synthase kinase-3β pathway

Title: Study on the intervention of Astragalus on the hBMSCs migration induced by SDF-1 in hypoxic environment

Authors: LIN Dongyang, YANG Bohua, SHEN Ling
PP: 2285-2289
Abstract: Objective: To study the effects of Astragalus, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) on the human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) capabilities of migrating to the lesion sites and differentiating into vascular endothelial cells (VECs) by simulating hypoxic environment of human body. Methods: Using Transwell system, the experimental cells were randomly divided into 7 groups. The three normxic groups were placed in ordinary cell culture incubator (including 21% O2); The four hypoxic groups were placed in the special cell culture incubator (including 5% O2). After 48-h culture, the cells were counted by randomly selecting three consecutive microscope visual fields below the membrane，and the final cell number was the average of three visions. Results: 1) Among the three normoxic groups，the ability of migration of hBMSCs in SDF+Astragalus+normoxic group was significantly higher than that of others (P<0.01，P<0.05); 2) Among the four hypoxic groups，the ability of migration of hBMSCs in SDF+Astragalus+hypoxic group was significantly higher than that of others (P<0.01)；the ability of migration of hBMSCs in SDF+hypoxic group was significantly higher than that in hypoxic control group (P<0.01)；the ability of migration of hBMSCs in hypoxic+Astragalus group and hypoxic control group had no significant difference (P>0.05); 3) The ability of migration of hBMSCs in SDF+Astragalus+hypoxic group was significantly higher than that in SDF+Astragalus+normoxic group (P<0.05); The ability of migration of hBMSCs in SDF+normoxic group and SDF+hypoxic group had no significant difference (P>0.05)；The ability of migration of hBMSCs in Astragalus+normoxic group and Astragalus +hypoxic group also had no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: In normoxic and hypoxic environments, Astragalus combined with SDF-1 could promote the migration of BMSCs. However, Astragalus alone could not promote the migration of BMSCs in the hypoxic environment.
Keywords: surgery of traditional Chinese medicine; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; Astragalus; stromal cell-derived factor 1; migration; vascular endothelial growth factor

Title: Correlation research between tongue color and seven parameters of red blood cells in peripheral blood

Authors: REN Yujie, WANG Zhaoping, WANG Shenghua, ZHANG Ying, YANG Xinyu, YAO Xuying, LIANG Rong
PP: 2280-2284
Abstract: Objective: To study the correlation between tongue color and 7 parameters of red blood cells in peripheral blood. Methods: Tongue color of 2 218 cases of health check-ups (male: 888 cases, female: 1 330 cases) were observed. The tongue color was judged by doctors of traditional Chinese medicine. The indexes of red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red blood cell volume distribution width (RDW) were detected by collecting venous blood samples. The comparisons of occurrence rates of different tongue colors were tested using the chi-square test. The correlations between tongue colors and the red blood cell parameters were analysized using t-test or rank sum test. Results: 1) The appearance rate of pale tongue, pink tongue and dull tongue was higher while dark red tongue was lower in females than those in males (P＜0.01). RBC, HGB and HCT decreased while RDW increased in female pale tongue group when comparing with those in female pink tongue group (P＜0.05, P＜0.01); RBC, HGB and HCT increased in female red tongue group (P＜0.05); 2) Compared with those in pink tongue group, RBC and HCT of the dark red and dark purple tongue’s increased (P＜0.05, P＜0.01) in both male and female. Conclusion: 1) The appearance rates of light colored tongue (including pale tongue, pink tongue and light dark tongue) in female were higher than those in male; 2) The shades of the tongue color was positive related to HGB and HCT; 3) The dark red and dark purple tongue had the closest relationship with the increase of HGB and HCT.
Keywords: diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine; tongue color; hemoglobin; hematocrit

Title: Experimental study on intra-articular injection of danshen and sodium hyaluronate for the treatment of rat osteoarthritis

Authors: YIN Ming, QU Liangye, HE Lizhi, XIONG Hui
PP: 2273-2279
Abstract: Objective: To observe the effects of intra-articular injection of danshen and sodium hyaluronate (SH) on treatment of rat knee osteroarthritis (KOA). Methods: Thrity sparague-dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into health group (A), osteoarthritis (OA) group (B) and experimental group (C). The rats of B group and C group (total 20 rats) were given intra-articular injection with the 20 μL mixture of 4% papain solution and 0.03 mol/L L-cysteine at the first day, second day and third day respectively, to establish the model of KOA. At the same time, the rats of C group were given intra-articular injection of 0.06 mL SH and 0.06 mL danshen once a week. The knee joint activity scopes of the rats were measured and then the rats were sacrificed at the fourth week after the first injections. The knee cartilages were cut for general observation and pathologically examination and the results were performed Mankin’s scores. Results: The knee joint activity scope of C group was significant larger than that of B group (P<0.01). Furthermore, the cartilage damage mitigated in C group, and the Mankin’s scores of C group improved and had significant difference when comparing with that of B group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combination of danshen injection with SH injection could improve the knee joint activity scope, protect the cartilage structure, reduce the degree of cartilage degeneration, and alleviate the destruction of the cartilage cells and the pathology of KOA, but they could not inhibit the process of KOA completely.
Keywords: traditional Chinese medcine; danshen injection; sodium hyaluronate; knee osteroarthritis; rat; experimental research

Title: Interpretation of concept metaphor in Chinese medicine from the theory of image schema

Authors: XIE Jing, JIA Chunhua
PP: 2268-2272
Abstract: In this paper, the concept metaphor of Chinese Medicine was interpreted based on the theory of image schema. The conclusion was that the basic image schema of container, part-whole, center-periphery, up and down, link and path had existed in the consciousness of the ancients. On the basis of it, the relevant Chinese conceptual metaphor had formed through cross-domain mapping. Therefore, the theory of image schema plays an important role in construction and interpretation of the Chinese conceptual metaphor.
Keywords: basic theory of Chinese medicine; cognitive linguistics; conceptual metaphor; image schema

Title: Hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant activity of Cryptotaenia japonica extracts

Authors: LI Juan, LIU Antao, XIE Yunchang, JIANG Xiaohua, NING Desheng
PP: 2264-2267
Abstract: Objective: To study hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant activity of the extracts of Cryptotaenia japonica. Methods: The antioxidant activity of the extracts of C. japonica was evaluated through detecting hydroxy radical, superoxide anion radical and total antioxidant activity in vitro. The mouse model of acute hepatic injury was established by giving CCl4 and alcohol. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transarninase (ALT) in serum and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue were examined to evaluate the hepatoprotective of the extracts in vivo. Results: The high level total extracts and n-butanol extracts of C. japonica had good antioxidant activity in vitro. Furthermore, they could reduce the activities of ALT and AST in serum and the levels of MDA in liver tissue, while could raise the levels of SOD in liver tissue. Conclusion: The results showed that the extracts of C. japonica had a good hepatoprotective effect in acute liver injury. The mechanisms may be related to its effects of antioxidant and scavenging hydroxy radical activity.
Keywords: pharmacology; antioxidant; acute liver injury; Cryptotaenia japonica.

Title: Comparative identification on Puerariae flos crude drugs

Authors: ZHANG Lin, CHANG Xin, YUAN Dan
PP: 2258-2263
Abstract: Objective: To establish the identification methods of morphology, microscopy, physical and chemical properties of Pueraiae flos crude drugs from different radical sources and different origin areas. Methods: Digital photography technology was applied to distinguish P. lobata flos and P. thomsonii flos from morphology. Microscopic features of P. lobata flos and P. thomsonii flos were established using polarizing microscope. The differences between P. lobata flos and P. thomsonii flos in chemical characteristic components and their contents were investigated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) experiments. Results: The differences in morphology, microscopic identification and TLC map were existed between P. lobata flos and P. thomsonii flos. Conclusion: The method was reliable and repeatable, and it could provide experimental basis for establishing scientific and reliable quality standard.
Keywords: traditional Chinese pharmacology; idenfification; microscopic identification; thin layer chromatography; Puerariae flos

Title: Application prospect of intelligent sensory technology and near infrared technique in quickly evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine quality

Authors: SHEN Qin, JING Yafeng, WU Yuliang, WANG Shuangshuang, WU Chunjie
PP: 2251-2257
Abstract: Sensory analysis is a general method for evaluating traditional Chinese medicine quality, but it has a certain degree of subjectivity. Physical and chemical tests are objective and accurate, but they are only for some compositions and structures of Chinese medicine composition instead and unable to appreciate the total quality of traditional Chinese medicine. In this paper, principles and research progresses of intelligent sensory system (including machine vision inspection system, electronic nose and electronic tongue) and near infrared technique were elucidated and reviewed respectively. Furthermore, the application envision of intelligent sensory system and near infrared technique in traditional Chinese medicine was explored, and the combination application of this two technologies was prospected.
Keywords: traditional Chinese pharmacology; quality; reviews; appearance; intelligent sensory technology; near infrared technique

Title: Research of non-invasive continuous monitoring of blood pressure based on finger pulse

Authors: LIU Xiaolin, ZHAO Shouguo
PP: 2243-2250
Abstract: This article derived the non-invasive blood pressure monitoring model based on Lambert-Beer law and analyzed its principle in detail. This measurement system only needed to collect fingertip pulse wave as input. This operation was simple and could continuously detect human blood pressure values. Furthermore, the detection results were in good agreement with the blood pressure measurement with traditional methods. Therefore, this system could obtain accurate measurement results and had good prospects in future medical testing.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; pulse wave; Lambert-Beer law; visual basic; Bland-Altman

Title: Study on PD1/PD-L1 expression in chronic hepatitis B patients

Authors: ZHANG Wenjin
PP: 2238-2242
Abstract: In this study, the chronic active hepatitis patients were taken as research objects. According to the infiltration number of transaminases and CD8+ lymphocytes in liver tissue, the inflammation period was divided into four phases. The results showed that the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 was up-regulated significantly in inflammation flare-up period. With the reduction of inflammation, the expression level of PD-1 and PD-L1 decreased. Furthermore, PD-1 and PD-L1 were co-expressed with their positive costimulatory partner. These results suggested that the up-regulation of negative costimulatory molecules were needed during inflammation period to maintain homeostasis by the balance of positive-costimulatory signals, rather than specifically inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific immune response.
Keywords: immunopathology; hepatitis B; PD1; PD-L1; immunohistochemistry; immune tolerance

Title: Effects of brain tumour necrosis factor-α on sympathetic nerve activity in diabetic rats

Authors: REN Xiaoxia, SONG Xin’ai, XU Yanyan, QI Jie, SU Qing, SUO Yuping, KANG Yuming
PP: 2231-2237
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of brain tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the cytokine synthesis inhibitor pentoxifylline (PTX) on the sympathetic nerve activity in diabete mellitus (DM) rats. Sprage-dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into SHAM+VEH, SHAM+PTX, DM+VEH and DM+PTX groups. Rats were fed with high fat and sugar diet for 4 weeks following by injection of streptozotocin streptozotocin (STZ) to induce the diabetes mellitus. Rats were implanted with paraventricular nucleus (PVN) cannulae and treated with PTX, or vehicle (VEH) for 4 weeks. After 4-week treatment, the level of blood glucose and body weight were measured. Immunohistochemisty were used to detect the expression of TNF-α in the PVN of hypothalamus. The activity of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) was recorded using electrodes. The results were: 1) The expression of TNF-α in the PVN of DM group increased, and the level of TNF-α in DM+SHAM group was higher than that in DM+PTX groups; 2) RSNA significantly increased in DM group. Compared with SHAM groups, diabetic rats had augmented RSNA. Sympathetic nerve activity significantly decreased in diabetic rats by blocking synthesis of TNF-α in PVN. In conclusion, the results suggested that TNF-α in the PVN played an important role in sympathetic nerve activity of diabetic rats.
Keywords: pathology; sympathetic nerve; tumour necrosis factor-α; diabete mellitus; paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus

Title: Effect of short-term chemotherapy on the expression of UCH-L1 in breast carcinoma

Authors: BAO Yun, WANG Wenjuan, LI Qiong, CHEN Qi, LIU Xiuping, XU Zude, TANG Feng
PP: 2226-2230
Abstract: Objective: To observe the effects of short-term chemotherapy on the expression of ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the breast carcinoma before surgery. Methods: The expressions of UCH-L1, EGFR and P-gp were assessed by immunohistochemistry (EnVision method) in 40 cases breast carcinoma before and after treatment by multidrug resistance (MDR) drugs. Results: The expression of UCH-L1 was decreased after chemotherapy with MDR drugs when comparing with that before chemotherapy (P<0.05), while the rate of positive EGFR expression increased significantly after chemotherapy (P<0.01). However, the expression of P-gp had no significant difference before and after chemotherapy (P>0.05). Negative associations were revealed between UCH-L1, EGFR and P-gp expression and volume reduce of tumor and lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: Short-term chemotherapy could kill tumor cells and influence the expression of UCH-L1, EGFR and P-gp. The mechanisms may be the selectivity damages of the MDR drugs on the tumor cells. However, the expression of CD147 and other downstream factors had no changes after chemotherapy with MDR drugs.
Keywords: pathology; breast carcinoma; multidrug resistance drug; ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1; epithelial growth factor receptor; P-glycoprotein

Title: Experimental study on the role of SOCS-1 on renal injury in diabetic mice

Authors: LIU Qingjuan, XING Lingling, LIU Shuxia, DUAN Huijun
PP: 2221-2225
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1) on renal injury in diabetic mice. Methods: Male CD-1 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, diabetic group, empty plasmid vector transfection group and SOCS-1 plasmid transfection group. Mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce the model of diabetic mice. Then transfection mice were given an caudal vein injection of SOCS-1 plasmid or empty vector once 7 day. After 4 weeks of injection, specimens were collected to detect the blood glucose and 24 h urine protein. Western blotting analysis were used to determine the expression level of SOCS-1 protein. The expression level of macrophage marker protein CD68 in renal tissue was detected by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in renal tissue were detected by ELISA. Results: Overexpression of SOCS-1 could inhibit the expression of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68), IL-1β and TGF-β1 in renal tissue and ameliorate the excretion of urine protein of diabetic mice, but it had no effects on blood glucose level. Conclusion: Overexpression of SOCS-1 could relieve renal injury through reducing the inflammatory response in renal tissue of diabetic mice.
Keywords: pathology; diabetic nephropathy; suppressor of cytokine signaling 1; inflammation; interleukin-1β

Title: Research advances in targeting CCR5 for HIV gene therapy

Authors: RU Renli, YOU Jianlan, QIN Li, CHEN Xiaoping
PP: 2213-2220
Abstract: Chemokine recptor CCR5 is a main coreceptor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), lack of CCR5 will disable HIV for infection of target cells，which makes it an important target for HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) treatments. This review summarized the development of basical research and some clinical research on targeting CCR5 in HIV gene therapy fields, by using intrakine，intrabody，small interfering RNA, ribozyme，zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) techniques. Furthermore, the problems and prospects of these strategies in clinical application were discussed. This review provides detailed theoretical references for AIDS gene therapy using targeting CCR5.
Keywords: medical microbiology; human immunodeficiency virus; reviews; CCR5; gene therapy

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