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December 15,2011
Volume 4,Issue 23
Pages -
Subject Area:Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine,Chemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Biomedical Engineering,Biomedical Electronics,Human Histology and Embryology

Title: Potential correlation between Astragalus and vitamin D axis function based on Arrowsmith

Authors: CHEN Yunzhi, QIN Zhong, WANG Yaoyao, GUO Jun
PP: 2192-2196
Abstract: Objective: To study the possible pharmacological effects of Astragalus and vitamin D in treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and discuss the molecular mechanism of extensive pharmacological effects of Astragalus on cardiovascular system may contribute to vitamin D axis. Methods: Arrowsmith tool was used for collecting data and performing analysis. Results: Astragalus and vitamin D had some relevance in regulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS), regulating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) secretion, balancing inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines and improving insulin resistance in hypertension, left ventricular remodeling, heart failure, metabolic syndrome as well as in regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism and promoting bone growth. Conclusion: Astragalus may have a wide range of pharmacological effects by partially regulating vitamin D axis (enzyme and vitamin D receptors involved in vitamin D metabolism).
Keywords: integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Astragalus; vitamin D; Arrowsmith

Title: Preliminary study on DPPH antioxidant capability in vitro and the HPLC fingerprints of Tibetan medicine Sanguo decoction

Authors: YAO Zhe, ZHANG Yi, YANG Jijia, LUO Shanghua, LAN Sha, TANG Ce
PP: 2185-2191
Abstract: Objective: Adopting DPPH in vitro to determine the oxidation resistance of Tibetan medicine Sanguo decoction and evaluating the overall antioxidation with the HPLC fingerprints. Methods: Medicinal materials from different origins in Sanguo decoction, single reference material as well as the chemical ingredients gallic acid, ellagic acid and ethyl gallate in them were evaluated by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry and DPPH oxidation-system. The analytic technique for HPLC fingerprints was established as well. Results: Sanguo decoction from different resources had no obvious difference in antioxidation activity, and antioxidant ability of gallic acid IC50 was the strongest among its chemical components. Based on the HPLC fingerprint analysis, it is indicated that the gallic acid content was higher than those of the other two components, and it was concluded that gallic acid might be one of the main active constituents of Sanguo decoction. Conclusion: This paper combined exoteric-DPPH with HPLC fingerprints to analyze the antioxidant contents of Sanguo decoction. The method is convenient and effective to provide a scientific basis for finding out the active ingredients of Sanguo decoction.
Keywords: national medicine; Tibetan medicine; Sanguo decoction; DPPH; antioxidation; fingerprint

Title: Effect of metabolites of Fusarium solani toxins on seed germination of American ginseng

Authors: HE Chunnian, MA Bingji
PP: 2180-2184
Abstract: To reveal the chemical relationship between American ginseng and it’s pathogenic fungi and solve the problems of serious disease and replanting difficulty of american ginseng, the paper studies the effects of metabolites of Fusarium solani toxins on the seed germination of american ginseng. The metabolites of F. solani were fermented using solid fermentation and extracted by organic solvent extraction, and bioassays were performed by american ginseng seed germination inhibition test. There was significant inhibition effect of the solid fermentation products of F. solani on radicle growth of american ginseng seeds in a concentration-dependent manner, and the main products of inhibitory activity concentrated in the petroleum ether extraction site. There was significant potential allelopathic effects of F. solani on American ginseng.
Keywords: medicinal botany; American ginseng; Fusarium solani; metabolite; allelopathy

Title: Effects of tonifying kidney and regulating liver on expression of INHb-ACT-FS protein in blood serum of immune ROS mice

Authors: HUANG Wenling, JIN Zhe, LI Ling, LI Yunbo
PP: 2176-2179
Abstract: Objective: To probe the effects of Wuyu Decoction (WYT), a Chinese compound recipe for tonifying kidney and regulating liver, on expression of inhibin-B (INHb)-activin (ACT)-follistatin (FS) protein in mice blood serum with immune resistant ovarian syndrome (ROS). Methods: BALB/c female mice model of ROS was created by multiple sites subcutaneous injection of zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) to mice, and treated with low, middle and high dosage WYT, to detect the expression of INHb-ACT-FS protein in blood serum by ELISA method. Results: Comparing with the normal group, the expression of INHb, FS decreased and the expression of ACT increased obviously in model group, statistically significant (P＜0.05). Comparing with the model group, the expression of INHb, FS increased and the expression of ACT decreased obviously in medication group, statistically significant (P＜0.05). The expression of INHb, FS increased in the mice of dosage WYT than in the estradiol valerate group statistical insignificant (P＞0.05). Comparing with the group of estradiol valerate, the expression of ACT increased in blood serum in the mice of WYT, statistically insignificant (P＞0.05). Conclusion: WYT can relieve ovarian immune inflammation and improve ovarian function. It proves that tonifying kidney and regulating liver can adjust internal factors of ovarian, thus controlling reproduction and endocrine function.
Keywords: gynecology of Chinese medicine; resistant ovarian syndrome; tonifying kidney and regulating liver; animal experiment; inhibin-B-activin-follistatin

Title: Determination of total flavonoid in leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata from different regions

Authors: LIU Jinpeng, FAN Lingjing, WU Chunjie
PP: 2172-2175
Abstract: Objective: To establish a method for the determination of total flavonoids in leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata. Methods: Amentoflavone was the reference substance, and chromogenic with NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH method, the experiment was performed by spectrophotometric method with a wavelength at 400 nm. Results: The standard curves of amentoflavone was y=0.059 3x+0.014 7 (r=0.999 7). The linear detection concentration range of total flavonoids was 2.24～13.44 mg/L. Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and suitable for the determination of total flavonoids in C. lanceolata. The results provide a basis for the development and application of C. lanceolata.
Keywords: chemistry of Chinese materia medica; leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata; total flavonoid; amentoflavone; spectrometry

Title: Clinical evaluation of acupuncture treatment on patients with cerebral ischemia: a systematic review

Authors: REN Xue, SUN Zhongren, ZHANG Qinhong, QIU Libo
PP: 2166-2171
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of cerebral ischemia with acupuncture treatment in the past two decades. Methods: The databases of CNKI, WanFang, VIP, MedLine and Sciencepaper Online were searched and 139 related papers were found. Of those, 18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected finally. CLEAR NPT rating system was used to assess the quality of the literatures. Results: The selected 18 RCTs (1 575 Cases) were analyzed and it was found out that acupuncture treatment had positive effect on the subjects with cerebral ischemia recently at home and abroad. Also, it was a kind of safe treatment because side-effects and insecure issues were not found. Conclusion: The acupuncture treatment is proved to be very effective for patients with cerebral ischemia. However, the whole quality of the trails is very poor in whole. So, RCTs studies with higher quality should confirmed this issue.
Keywords: traditional Chinese medicine; acupuncture; reviews; cerebral ischemia; randomized controlled trials; system evaluation

Title: Research on bionic feedback sensor for detecting pressure of live flexible anal canal

Authors: LIU Hua, YAN Guozheng, XU Qianqian, ZHANG Mingqing, GUO Ziping
PP: 2160-2165
Abstract: This paper proposes a bionic feedback sensor for detecting pressure of live flexible anal canal. The structure and the characteristics of this type of sensor are also discussed thoroughly. A silicon piezoresistive pressure sensor is used in this type of sensor. This type of sensor is packaged into a special form and fixed into a cuff. The cuff is enclosing the end of the anal canal. The pressure of the anal canal is transmitted to the bionic feedback sensor in the cuff. The sensor can detect the pressure of the anal canal. A microcontrol unit (MCU) is used to sample the pressure detected by the sensor in real time. The value of the pressure is transmitted outside through wireless transmission. A receiver can receive the value and display the value in real time. The patient can know the pressure. This can rehabilitate the function of the feeling from the anal canal. The results of experiments prove that the bionic feedback sensor has excellent linear property.
Keywords: rehabilitation engineering; silicon piezoresistive pressure sensor; artificial anal sphincter; wireless communication; feedback

Title: Study on grafts of bladder extracellular matrix seeded with adipose derived stem cells for reconstitution of bladder defect of SD rats

Authors: YANG Jin, WANG Kunjie, LI Hong
PP: 2150-2159
Abstract: Objective: In situ grafting bladder extracellular matrix (BECM) as tissue engineering support material seeded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to SD rats resection of bladders for investigating the effect of tissue engineering with ADSCs on regeneration of the bladder acellular matrix grafts and reconstitution of bladder defect. Methods: 40 female SD rats weighing 250 g were divided into two groups after resection of all the bladders, only trigones left. In the experimental group, BECM seeded with ADSCs was grafted to the host bladder. In the control rats, augmentation was used with unseeded BECM. At 1, 2, 4, 8 weeks after grafting, cystometry was performed. Immunohistochemical method was used to assess neovascularization, smooth muscle and nerve regeneration. Results: There was no significant difference in functional and histologic evaluations between the two groups 1 week after grafting. The contents of smooth muscles, blood vessels and nerves were significantly greater in the seeded group than in the control group 2 weeks after grafting. The capacity and maximum bladder pressure the had no significant difference within 1 week after grafting, the maximum bladder pressure of the experimental group was obtained 2 weeks after grafting, and the capacity and compliance of ladder were increased in the seeded group compared to the control group after 8 weeks. Conclusion: The BECM has good compatibility with adipose-derived stem cell. The ADSCs seeded in BECM can promote angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and muscular regeneration and has positive effect on bladder functional reconstitution.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; adipose-derived stem cell; SD rat; reconstitution of bladder defect; tissue engineering; composites of cell-matrix

Title: A robot control approach based on real time neuro-biological signal evaluation system

Authors: ZHANG Tao, ZHU Mengbin
PP: 2041-2149
Abstract: This paper introduces a robot control appraoch based on real time neuro-biological signal evaluation system. Various neuro-biological signals can be acquired and processed by the real time neuro-biological signal evaluation system. By the calculation of parameters, the features of neuro-biological signals can be extracted and therefore the evaluation of various signals can be implemented. In this research, the robot control signals are generated by electro-oculogram (EOG) in the real time neuro-biological signal evaluation system. The initiative of EOG signals are judged by the analysis on the α wave of electro-encephalogram (EEG) signals. By use of robot Rovio, the proposed control approach has been implemented and the effectiveness of the proposed method can be verified.
Keywords: biomedical electronics; neuro-biological signals; evaluation; electro-oculogram; robot control; Rovio

Title: Effects of prenatal LPS exposure on species-typical behavior and exploration and anxiety activities in mice at adulthood

Authors: JI Yanli, WANG Hua, MENG Xiuhong, NING Huan, ZHAO Xianfeng, WANG Qun, LIU Ping, ZHANG Heng, WANG Zhen, XU Zhongmei, CHEN Guihai, XU Dexiang
PP: 2036-2040
Abstract: Objective: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intrauterine infection has been associated with neuro-developmental injury in rodents. The purpose of the present study is to explore the effects of prenatal LPS exposure on species-typical behavior and exploration and anxiety activities in adult mice. Methods: The pregnant mice were intra-peritoneally (i.p.) injected with LPS (8 μg/kg) daily from gestational day (gd) 8 to gd 15. A battery of neurobehavioral tasks was performed in mice at ages of 2 and 6 months old. Results: Species-typical behavior examination showed that prenatal LPS exposure markedly increased weight burrowed in 2-month-old male offspring and significantly reduced weight hoarded in 6-month-old female offspring. Open field test showed that the number of squares crossed and peripheral time, markers of anxiety and exploration activities, were markedly increased in 6-month-old female mice following prenatal LPS exposure. Interestingly, latency to the first grid crossing was markedly decreased in 6-month-old female mice whose mothers were exposed to LPS during pregnancy. Conclusion: Prenatal LPS exposure impairs species-typical behaviors, exploration and anxiety activities of female mice at adulthood in an age-dependent manner.
Keywords: medical psychology; lipopolysaccharide; neuro-behavior; prenatal infection; species-typical behavior; anxiety and exploration activities

Title: Expression and significance of PPARγ in human breast cancer

Authors: ZOU Lin, JIANG Ying
PP: 2031-2035
Abstract: Objective: To study the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ） in breast cancer and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. Methods: Tissue samples gotten from 70 patients with breast cancer and 20 patients with breast fibroadenoma were immunohistochemically examined for the expression of PPARγ. Then correlations were analyzed between immunohistochemistry (IHC)-assessed level of PPARγ and major clinicopathological variables and survival. Results: PPARγ expression was inversely associated with histologic grade, tumor size, axillary lymph node metastasis and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P<0.05), while positively correlated with estrogen receptor （ER） status and overall survival rate (P<0.01). Conclusion: PPARγ is correlated with development of breast carcinoma, suggesting that detection of PPARγ may be of value in evaluating the biological behaviors and the prognosis of breast cancer.
Keywords: pathology; breast cancer; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; immunohistochemistry; prognosis

Title: Genetic analysis on a Chinese patient with atypical Apert syndrome

Authors: LI Nana, LI Yanhua, DENG Ying, DAI Li
PP: 2026-2030
Abstract: Objective: To determine the causative mutation in a Chinese patient with atypical Apert syndrome (AS) and discuss the genotype-phenotype relationship. Methods: The patient accepted a comprehensive physical and radiographic evaluation. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of the affected and other three family members. The exon 7 and exon 9 of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then the products were sequenced bi-directionally for mutation screening. Results: The affected individual had symmetrical syndactyly both in hands and feet, but no craniofacial findings of Apert syndrome. A heterozygous 934C→G transversion of FGFR2 gene (S252W) was detected only in the patient. Conclusion: This atypical AS resulted from the 934 C→G mutation in FGFR2.
Keywords: medical genetics; Apert syndrome; FGFR2 gene; mutation

Title: AluYb8MUTYH variant increases 8-OHdG level in cell DNA: research on genetic risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese

Authors: CHEN Huimei, SUN Caixia, GUO Wenwen, MENG Ran, DU Hong, QI Qiufeng, GU Xin LI Lirong, ZHANG Kui, ZHU Dalong, WANG Yaping
PP: 2019-2025
Abstract: This paper investigated the common variant of the MUTYH gene (AluYb8MUTYH) for its possible role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 565 T2DM patients and 565 healthy subjects were enrolled in a case-control study. Statistic analysis showed that the distribution of AluYb8MUTYH differed in diabetic patients from controls, with a moderately increased percentage of the mutant allele (P) ［44.7% versus 40.3%, P=0.033, odds ratio (OR)=1.199］. However, this distribution was similar between the diabetic early-onset and late-onset subgroups. In addition, 66 T2DM patients were further evaluated for 8-hydroxy-2’deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in genomic DNA. The average value of 8-OHdG in one million of deoxyguanosines was 10.4 in patients with the wild-type genotype, 15.9 with heterozygote, and 22.3 with homozygote variation respectively (P<0.001, compared with the wild-type). Therefore, the AluYb8MUTYH variant was a novel genetic risk factor for T2DM, and accumulated 8-OHdG could contribute to this disease.
Keywords: medical genetics; MUTYH gene; 8-OHdG; type 2 diabetes mellitus; gene polymorphism

Title: Comparison of image analysis systems in measurement of nuclear DNA contents

Authors: LI Xiaopeng, XIA Chaoyong
PP: 2014-2018
Abstract: Objective: Using laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) and image analyzer for in situ measuring the chemical substances in liver nuclei, and comparing the characteristics of the two methods. Methods: 3, 5, 7, 15 μm liver tissue slices were prepared respectively from 5 adult male mice, and then stained together with Feulgen stain. The DNA contents in volume unit of whole diploid or tetraploid or octoploid nuclei were in situ measured and calculated by TIGER cell image analysis system and LSCM, respectively. Results: The ratios of DNA contents in volume unit of whole diploid, tetraploid and octoploid nuclei were close to 2 or 4. Conclusion: By using these two image analysis systems, the total chemical substance contents in full cell volume can be more accurately computed through appropriate sampling and calculation.
Keywords: human histiocytic embryology; TIGER image analyzer; laser scanning confocal microscope; DNA content

Title: Adenovirus-based vector system for HIV vaccine development

Authors: ZHANG Maochao, SUN Caijun, CHEN Ling
PP: 2105-2013
Abstract: This paper summarizes the impediments to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines, advantages of adenovirus(Ad)-based vectors and progress on HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vaccines. Also, this review concludes from reasons for failure of Merck Phase ⅡB trial that new strategies such as adenovirus-based vaccines associated with other vaccines are worth being explored.
Keywords: medical microbiology; human immunodeficiency virus vaccine; reviews; adenovirus-based vector; live-virus vector

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