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ISSN 1674-2850
CN 11-9150/N5
 
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June 15,2010
Volume 3,Issue 11
Pages 1086-1189
Subject Area:Health Economics, Health Statistics, Oligogenics,Health Administration,Epidemiology,Clinical Diagnostics,Haematology
 
Title: Cloning, sequencing and analysis of porcine SGCB gene
Authors: FU Yayuan, PAN Gang, XIONG Yuanzhu, LEI Minggang
PP: 1186~1189
Abstract: Deficiency of beta-sarcoglycan (SGCB) will lead to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2E (LGMD2E) due to vanish of anti-dystrophy protein complex. In this paper, coding region sequence of the porcine SGCB gene was obtained. CLUSTALW, CDD, Signal P3.0, and Prosite software was used to forecast and analyze the structure and function of the coded protein. Sequence analysis indicated that there exist 6 function domains, including 2 iron-sulfur binding region. The phylogenetic tree showed that the protein followed evolutionary law, and porcine SGCB protein was earlier than human's.
Keywords: animal genetics and breeding; beta-sarcoglycan; porcine; cloning and sequencing
 
Title: Epidemiological survey about prevalence of bovine mastitis in Beijing region
Authors: GAO Jian, LIU Xiuquan, CHEN Liben, SHI Weimin, SU Jingliang, HAN Bo
PP: 1180~1185
Abstract: The objective of the present study is to investigate the variance of mean daily milk yield and mean monthly somatic cell count of lactating cows, as well as the incidence rate of sub-clinical and clinical mastitis, and prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis. 720 visually normal milk samples were random collected during 12 month (2008.10~2009.9) on the farm of suburban district in Beijing. Somatic cell counts of samples were examined by C-Reader calculatinginstrument and S. aureus isolation was performed from milk samples. During a year, 82 sub-clinical milk samples and 75 clinical milk samples were determined. 31 sub-clinical samples and 25 clinical samples were infected by S. aureus. 78 samples were infected by several other species including coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp and Bacillus spp. 23 samples were determined as no bacteria growing. Result of this study showed that the impact of month is apparent for total incidence rates of sub-clinical and clinical mastitis (from June to August, the incidence rate is apparently higher than that from January to Februar), but not so apparent for S. aureus mastitis. The prevalence of S. aureus in sub-clinical and clinical mastitis are both high (37.8% and 33.3%, respectively).
Keywords: veterinary medicine; bovine mastitis; Staphylococcus aureus; incidence rate; month
 
Title: Study on social medical insurance model about migrant worker centralized areas
Authors: WU Chuanjian, DING Yuanlin
PP: 1174~1179
Abstract: To solve the society medical insurance problem of large number of migrant workers has the extremely important influence to current society medical insurance system construction of China. The migrant workers have the obvious regional distribution characteristics; their social medical insurance should take important concentration to the centralized cities as the breakthrough points, unifies their employment and migrant characteristics, and adopts the suitable society medical insurance pattern. First, taking deposit type fund collection pattern to enhance the guarantee rate and realize the fund safety control; second, adopting the small synthesis medical insurance pattern which embraces the insurance of injury on job, the birth insurance and the medical insurance, and solving the big sickness insurance with emphasis, to permit purchase on the drugs in the national basic drugs table contents; and finally, breaking the region limit, implementing unified management in the immigrant region, and implementing the immigrant and the emigrant contrary fixed point medical service under the suitable condition.
Keywords: health economics; social security; migrant worker; social medical insurance; deposit type fund; comprehensive medical insurance
 
Title: Investigation on the demand and its influencing factors of community health service in Nanjing city
Authors: ZHU Lei, LI Fang, WANG Chuan, ZHU Jinnan, WANG Shihao, ZHOU Jing
PP: 1168~1173
Abstract: Objective: To find out residents demand on community health service (CHS) and analyze the influencing factors. Methods: Making questionnaire survey on residents from 8 districts with the method of random sampling, and using descriptive statistical method, correspondence analysis, Logistic regression analysis, and correlation analysis to study the data. Results: The residents knowing rate and willing rate of CHS were respectively 66.8% and 53.2%. Conclusion: There are negative correlations between education level, income level, the replacement rate of medical insurance and the demand of CHS. What s more, shorter distance and lower cost are also leading causes.
Keywords: health management; community public health; demand; influencing factors; Nanjing city
 
Title: Research on psychological well-being structure of medical staff
Authors: MIAO Yuanjiang, QI Juanwei, DU Xiahua, TANG Huimin, FENG Ji
PP: 1164~1167
Abstract: Objective: To analyze the psychological structure of medical staff. Methods: A total of 390 medical workers in Jiangxi province were tested as research objects by adopting multiple happiness questionnaire (MHQ),2003. Results: When the MHQ was applied to medical staff, it had good reliability, factor analysis educed 9 dimensionality: life satisfaction (LS), positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), subjective vitality (SV), health concern (HC), altruism commitment (AC) self-worth (SW), positive relation (PR), and person growth (PG). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the two modules [subjective well-being (SWB) and psychological well-being (PWB)] and nine dimensions structure had good fit. Conclusion: Better integration of the SWB and PWB can give a more comprehensive understanding of happiness, and this is the future main trend for the study of well-being.
Keywords: psychology; psychological structure; structural equation; medical staff; well-being
 
Title: Establishment and analysis of mathematical model of hand-foot-and-mouth disease
Authors: BAO Yu, SHI Yun, HUANG Haiyang, CUI Yinge
PP: 1157~1163
Abstract: Firstly, according to the characteristics of infectious disease, this paper builds ordinary differential equation model of the patient rate of the hand-foot-and-mouth disease and discusses the relation between birth rate and the proportion of children over six years old. The data are from Anhui province where the disease is serious from May fifth to May eleventh in 2008. The research uses the math software Matlab to do numerical calculation and takes advantage of graph fitting to gain the parameter of S-I-R model and to get the changing graph which conforms to the fact and could forecast the trend. The work derives the function I(t) of the number of hand-foot-and-mouth disease patients and makes a prediction. Secondly, ARIMA model of time series is established, and software Eviews is used to fit the data and calculate the degree and the parameter of the ARIMA model. The study tests the correlation to verify rationality of the model. Comparing the fitting data and the original data, the result proves that the fitting is valid and makes the forecast of the disease. Finally, based on the forecast, the condition of hand-foot-and-mouth disease would be better greatly after one month. The facts warrant the conclusion.
Keywords: epidemiology and hygienic statistics; hand-foot-and-mouth disease; ordinary differential equation; curve fitting; time series; ARIMA model
 
Title: Application of structure equation model in residents life satisfaction
Authors: TANG Wanqin, CONG Xiaona, XU Bo, CAO Shang, LUO Pengfei, LUO Danyi, WEI Pingmin
PP: 1153~1156
Abstract: Objective: Using the structure equation model (SEM) to propose the suggestions and polices for improving the residents life satisfaction. Methods: A satisfaction questionnaire was conducted among 850 residents of Jiangning district, Nanjing city. Results: Using the route analysis, the paper determined five secret variables and their affective intensity degree, which were general conditions (0.053), health services (0.186), natural entironment (-0.009), social environment (0.442), and social security (-0.005). Conclusion: There are several limitations and problems about application of SEM to study residents life satisfaction, and it needs gradual improvement in the future research.
Keywords: health statistics; structure equation model; satisfaction; residents
 
Title: Qishaowuweizi compound s regulating effect on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress of viral myocarditis model mice
Authors: LIU Fengqin, WANG Yulin, ZHU Xiaoxin, JIN Youpeng, WANG Qingqing, SONG Jia
PP: 1147~1152
Abstract: Objective: To investigate cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress in viral myocarditis (VM) model mice and treatment effect of Qishaowuweizi compound. Methods: Male BALB/c mice were infected intraperitoneally with coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3) to prepare VM model and randomly divided into normal control group, virus control group, Qishaowuweizi compound treatment group and ribavirin plus VitC treatment group. Mice were sacrificed on experiment day 3, 7, 14 and 21 postinoculation (p.i.). Cardiomyocyte apoptosis and necrosis were detected by flowcytometry (FCM). Histomorphologic changes were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. Besides, research was done on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by xanthine oxydase method and maleic dialdehyde (MDA) by thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. Results: In virus control group, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and necrosis both increased compared with normal control group (P<0.05). The apoptosis peak appeared on day 7 p.i. and the necrosis peak on day 14 p.i., consistent with histomorphologic observation. While compared with virus control group, cardiomyocyte necrosis were lower in Qishaowuweizi compound treatment group; the pathologic changes were meliorated. Mice of virus control group were in oxidative stress condition. In Qishaowuweizi compound treatment group, the serum SOD was more active and the value of MDA was less than virus control group on day 14 p.i. and 21 p.i (P<0.05). Conclusion: Qishaowuweizi compound could meliorate cardiac pathologic changes of VM mice, regulate their oxidative stress condition and reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis and necrosis, having predictably favorable effect in treating VM.
Keywords: pediatrics; viral myocarditis; traditional Chinese medicine; apoptosis; oxidative stress
 
Title: The frequency of ApoE ε2 allele gene in different ethnicities and its influence on hyperlipidaemia and the correlated diseases
Authors: SUN Yuping, CAI Zhihua, AIMULAJIANG Maimaitiaili, WANG Xianmin, YAO Hua
PP: 1141~1146
Abstract: Objectives: To study the frequency of apolipoprotein E ε2 allele gene in Han and Uygur ethnicities in Xinjiang and its influence on hyperlipoproteinemia. Methods: The blood samples of healthy people of Han and Uygur ethnicities were collected and analyzed for the normal health, serum biochemical indexes and apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism. Results: The frequency of apolipoprotein E ε2 allele gene in Han ethnicity was 36.0% and in Uygur was 31.9%. In female was 36.1% and in male was 31.3%. The normal health, lipid metabolism parameters and the rate of different hyperlipidaemia in Han were lower than those of Uygur ethnicity. Except the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, other diseases had significant differences (P<0.05). Except the HDL-C, other female (P<0.05). Compared with those people who had ε2 allele gene with non-ε2 allele people, the prevalence of obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and low density lipoproteimia were lower in Han ethnicity, but in Uygur ethnicity, all the diseases were lower. Conclusion: The frequency of apolipoprotein E ε2 allele gene and the normal health, lipid metabolism parameters and the rate of these diseases correlated with hyperlipidaemia are different between ethnicities and sexes. The prevalence of different hyperlipidaemia in those people who have ε2 allele gene is lower than in those who have not. So the ε2 allele gene of apolipoprotein E gene may be a positive factor of health.
Keywords: endocrinology; ApoE ε2 allele gene; polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism; hyperlipidaemia
 
Title: Statistical analysis of 1 010 patients with cleft lip and palate
Authors: MA Hongxia, ZHAO Wanghong, ZHANG Rongqiang, ZHAN Xiurong, HUANG Yexiang
PP: 1137~1140
Abstract: Objective: To know the clinical and deformity condition in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP), analyze certain specific factors related with CLP, as well as furnish evidence for etiology and prevention to CLP. Methods: 1 010 patients in hospital from January, 2000 to March, 2009 were surveyed and their clinic data were analyzed statistically. Results: There were cleft lip 222 cases (21.98%), cleft lip with cleft palate 620 cases (61.39%), and cleft palate 168 cases (16.38%). Males were more than females (1.89∶1) in all cases, but in uncompleted cleft palate, females were more than males (1∶0.77). The left side was more than the right side (1.71∶1) in cases of the unilateral cleft lip with or without palate and the completed palate. 64 cases (6.34%) had definitive genetic factor. Mother underwent danger factors in the first three months of pregnancy: 356 cases (35.25%) were found in all cases. Conclusion: The cause of the cleft lip and palate is complicated. At present, detection of genetic disease before marriage and pregnancy protection is an important measure to reduce the incidence of cleft lip and palate.
Keywords: stomatology; cleft lip; cleft palate; etiology
 
Title: Expression of Foxc2 in mouse embryonic palate and its relationship with growth & development
Authors: CHEN Qi, ZHENG Qian, SHI Bing, MENG Tian, ZHUGE Xuqing
PP: 1131~1136
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the expression of Foxc2 in murine embryonic palate (MEP) and its relationship with development. Methods: The growth and development of MEP was observed by HE staining. Meanwhile, the expression of Foxc2 in MEP were studied by immunohistochemical staining. SPSS 16.0 was used for results analysis to study the relativity between Foxc2 and the growth and development of MEP. Results: The expression of Foxc2 increased with development of MEP. During the maturation stage of MEP, the expression of Foxc2 reached its peak, and then dropped off. Conclusion: Foxc2 is related to the development of MEP, overexpression of Foxc2 indicates matured development of MEP. Investigating the expression of Foxc2 may be helpful for study the growth and development of MEP.
Keywords: basic science of stomatology; forkhead box C2; immunohistochemistry; embryonic palate; growth; development
 
Title: Determination of serum kynurenine and kynurenic acid levels in schizophrenia
Authors: CHEN Ti, TANG Yamei, ZHANG Xiaojie
PP: 1126~1130
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the concentration differences of serum kynurenine (KYN) and kynurenic acid (KYNA) between schizophrenia and healthy controls. To observe the changes of serum KYN and KYNA among clinic types of schizophrenia (SCH). Methods: The serum KYN and KYNA levels in schizophrenia and healthy controls were measured by high performance liquid chromatography- fluorescence (HPLC-FLD) and the content ratio of KYN to KYNA were calculated. Results: The serum KYN levels had not significant difference (P>0.05) between these two groups; in schizophrenia the serum KYNA was significantly (P<0.05) decreased, while the content ratio of KYN to KYNA was higher than that of the controls; in paranoid SCH the serum KYN was lower than that in hebephrenic SCH; in paranoid SCH the serum KYNA was higher than that in simple and hebephrenic SCH; and in hebephrenic SCH the content ratio of KYN to KYNA was higher than that in paranoid and undifferentiated SCH. Conclusion: The serum kynurenine levels in schizophrenia determined by HPLC-FLD is of high accuracy, ease of operation, satisfactory recoveries and good reproducibility, and can be used for clinic diagnosis and therapy of schizophrenia.
Keywords: psychiatry; schizophrenia; kynurenine; kynurenic acid; high performance liquid chromatography
 
Title: The effect of ABT-418 on the locomotor activity in SHR: an animal model of ADHD
Authors: GUO Tianyou, YANG Chuang, GUO Lanting, LIU Kezhi
PP: 1119~1125
Abstract: To investigate the effect of ABT-418 on the locomotor activity in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), this study selected methylphenidate as control, and performed open field test after injection, half an hour and 24 hours later and 7th and 14th day. The results suggested that injection of ABT-418 in SHR can reduce the grating in open-field test. Compared with other groups, ABT-418 group was significantly higher in the protein expression of α4 and β2 in both cortex and hippocampus, yet the expressions of β2 in hippocampus were no significant difference (P<0.05). The result of the experiment indicated that ABT-418 may exert its effects through α4,β2 nicotinic receptor, and repeated administration of ABT-418 could induce the up-regulation of the nAChRs through certain mechanism.
Keywords: psychiatry; nAChRs; open-field test; ABT-418; spontaneously hypertensive rat; up-regulation
 
Title: Regulation on function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells from chronic myelocytic leukemia by Astragalus polysaccharide
Authors: LIU Limin, CHAI Ye, ZHANG Liansheng
PP: 1113~1118
Abstract: Objective: To explore the mechanism of immunomodulatory activity of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)-derived plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) by in vitro experiment, and further explain immunomodulatory activity of APS and its application in immunotherapy. Methods: The experiment isolated chronic myelocytic leukemia peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and isolated pDC by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS), then incubated with APS (0, 50, 100, 200 mg/L) for 24 h, and used enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the variation of IFN-α, IL-6, TNF-α excreted by pDC in supernate. Results: The experiment used pDC of peripheral blood of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, and proved by in vitro experiment that the APS could increase the concentration of IFN-α, IL-6, TNF-α secreted by pDC of the treated CML patients and the concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α secreted by pDC of the untreated CML patients, which depended on the APS concentration. Conclusion: APS can promote the function of pDC from CML.
Keywords: hematonosis; Astragalus polysaccharide; chronic myelocytic leukemia; plasmacytoid dendritic cells; immunotherapy
 
Title: Expression and correlation of epidermal growth factor receptor and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in human esophageal carcinoma
Authors: LIU Min, GUO Xiaojuan, JIN Mulan, GUO Youmin, DUAN Xiaoyi
PP: 1107~1112
Abstract: Objective: To detect the expression and relation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in human esophageal carcinoma. Methods: In 66 human esophageal carcinoma tissues, the expressions of EGFR and MMP-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western-blot. The expressions of EGFR and MMP-2 in various clinicopathologic analyzed. Correlation analysis between MMP-2 and EGFR was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: By immunohistochemistry, the average gray scale values of EGFR in esophageal carcinoma and normal tissues were 25.42±3.15, 5.03±3.49, which showed the significant difference (P<0.01). And the average gray scale values of MMP-2 in esophageal carcinoma and normal tissues were 37.46±6.18 and 9.80±2.24, which showed a significant difference (P<0.01). The significant differences were observed in TNM-stage, lymph node metastasis and tumor classification in both the expression of EGFR (P<0.05) and MMP-2 (P<0.05) by immunohistochemistry and Western-blot. Correlation analysis between EGFR and MMP-2 by immunohistochemistry (R=0.425, P=0.038) and Western-blot respectively(R=0.674, P<0.05) suggested a good positive correlation. Conclusion: The data suggests that EGFR and MMP-2 overexpress in human esophageal carcinoma. Combination of EGFR and MMP-2 could be the useful markers for tumorigenesis and differentiation, which provides basis for therapy of human esophageal carcinoma.
Keywords: clinical pathology; epidermal growth factor receptor; matrix metalloproteinase-2; esophageal carcinoma
 
Title: The effect of dihydrotanshinone I on radiosensitization effects and cell cycle of Hela cells of human cervical cancer
Authors: YE Yintao, XU Wenqing, ZHONG Wei
PP: 1102~1106
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the radiosensitization effects and cell cycle of dihydrotanshinoneⅠon Hela cells. Methods: The MTT assay was used to detect the growth inhibition rates of Hela cells at 24, 48, 72 h which cultured with dihydrotanshinone I in different concentrations. With multi-target single-hit model, the radiosensitization was investigated by clone formation assay through sensitizing enhancement ratio (SER). The cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. Results: The different concentrations (0.5~16.0 mg/L) of dihydrotanshinoneⅠhad cytotoxicity on Hela cells, which were clearly dose and time-dependent. The IC50 of 24, 48, 72 h were 8.39, 2.18, 1.48 mg/L, respectively. The radiosensitization of dihydrotanshinoneⅠwas proved significantly on Hela cells. Further clone formation assay indicated that the sensitization enhancement ratio was 1.35. Cells were treated with dihydrotanshinone Ⅰwhich had significant effects on cell cycle of Hela cells, and induced apoptosis. Conclusion: Dihydrotanshinone I has significant cytotoic and radiosensitization effects on human cervical cancer. One of the mechanisms may be that it may make significant G0/G1 phase arrest and induced apoptosis, and decrease in S phase, thus cells are more sensitive to radiation.
Keywords: radiobiology; cervical cancer; Hela cell; dihydrotanshinone I; radiosensitization; cell cycle
 
Title: Expression and functional characterization of amorpha-4,11-diene synthase in E.coli and S.cerevisiae
Authors: KONG Jianqiang, SHEN Junhao, HUANG Yong, WANG Wei, CHENG Kedi, ZHU Ping
PP: 1094~1101
Abstract: The amorpha-4,11-diene synthase (ADS) gene, which is 1 641 bp long and encodes 537 aa, was cloned from Artemisia annua L. The ADS gene was subcloned into the Escherichia coli and yeast expression vector pET-32a(+) and pYeDP60/G, respectively, resulting in the expression plasmid pETADS and pYeDP60/G/ADS. The pETADS was transported into E.coli BL21(DE3) and then induced to be expressed. The SDS-PAGE and Western blot results showed that the recombinant ADS was expressed successfully in E.coli. The soluble fraction was used to test the function of the recombinant enzyme. Amorpha-4,11-diene (AD) was detected by GC-MS with FPP as a substrate. The pYeDP60/G/ADS was introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-1B to yield the engineered yeast containing ADS gene. GC-MS analysis showed that the engineered yeast produced amorpha-4,11-diene as a main product and other 9 trace sesquiterpene compounds as well.
Keywords: pharmaceutical chemistry; Artemisia annua L; amorpha-4,11-diene synthase; Escherichia coli; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; gas chromatography-mass spectrometer
 
Title: Structural basis and molecular mechanisms of resistance to non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
Authors: ZHAN Peng, LIU Xinyong
PP: 1086~1093
Abstract: Objective: In this paper, the structural basis and molecular mechanisms of resistance to HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are described. Methods: Retrieve and analysis of related literature published in recent years. Conclusion: Structural basis of resistance to NNRTIs is the mutants around the NNRTIs binding site. There are three primary mechanisms by which a mutation can confer resistance to NNRTIs: loss or changes of Van Der Waals interactions; steric hindrance with the inhibitor; and change of electrostatic charge or hydrogen bonding properties. Understanding mechanisms of NNRTIs resistance is necessary for successful designs in the next generation of anti-HIV-1 drugs.
Keywords: medicinal chemistry; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; review; human immunodeficiency virus; non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; drug resistance; molecular mechanisms