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ISSN 1674-2850
CN 11-9150/N5
 
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December 15,2009
Volume 2,Issue 23
Pages 2451-2545
Subject Area:Biomedical Electronics,Experimental Pathology
 
Title: Research on the effects of Astragalus seed-coating on Astragalus seedling root system
Authors: MA Wei, MA Ling, SUN Shuwen, LIANG Xilong
PP: 2542～2545
Abstract: Objective: To observe the effects of Astragalus seed-coating (AM) on Astragalus seedling root system through treatment of Astragalus seeds by seed-coating. Methods: The selected Astragalus seeds were treated by variable-temperature treatment, the surface water was soaked up using absorbent paper, and air-dried at room temperature. AM with different concentrations and commonly used ND brand seed-coating (ND) were used for coating, blank seeds as control (CK). Then vermiculite was used as a substrate, and the basin was charged and water was spread quantitatively. Meantime coated seeds and control seeds were sowed quantitatively. Morphological indexes were determined after sowing. The length-related indicators such as plant height and root width were determined by direct measurement method. Results: After coated with seed coating, the root width, root shoot ratio and root vigor of Astragalus were increased. Conclusion: The application of appropriate doses of AM can increase seedlings index in some extent, which is good for morphogenesis of Astragalus seedling.
Keywords: traditional Chinese medicine; Astragalus seed-coating; root; root vigor
 
Title: Study on extraction process of Langchuangling granules
Authors: ZHU Han, FENG Jian, LI Huang, ZHANG Mengyun, ZHANG Yuhua, SUN Chuan
PP: 2538～2541
Abstract: Objective: To ensure feasibility, rationality and stability of the preparation process, and investigate the extraction process of Langchuangling granules. Methods: Determining paeoniflorin content by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (measurement conditions: mobile phase of acetonitrile -0.4% phosphoric acid solution (volume ratio 13∶87); detection wavelength 230 nm; flow rate 1.0 mL/min; and column temperature 25℃); and determining polysaccharide content by anthrone-sulfuric acid method. The extraction procedure of Langchuangling granule was measured, and the evaluated indexes were the rate of dry extra, contents of the paeoniflorin and the total polysaccharide with L9 (34) orthogonal test and preferential treatment of data. Results: The optimal process was performed by 1-hour extraction for three times, with 8-fold volume of water. Conclusion: The process is convenient, stable and reasonable.
Keywords: traditional Chinese medicine; extraction process; orthogonal test; Langchuangling granule
 
Title: Effect of Shengmai capsule on the AngⅡ, ALD & ET in plasma of rats with chronic congestive heart failure
Authors: DENG Yuanjiang, LIANG Weixiong, CHENG Shuyi, CHEN Yunbo, LIU Weiying
PP: 2532～2537
Abstract: Objective: To research the effect of Shengmai capsule on angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ), aldosterone (ALD) & endothelin (ET) in plasma of chronic heart failure (CHF) rats. Methods: 75 female SD(Sparague-Dawley) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, 15 rats each group: sham-operation group (A), CHF model group (B), CHF model treated by Shengmai capsule group (Shengmai capsule group, C), CHF model treated by Captopril group (Captopril group, D), CHF model treated by Shengmai capsule and Captopril group (Shengmai capsule & captopril group, E). Suprarenal abdominal artery constriction was operated to prepare CHF rat models. After 7 weeks treating respectively, the contents of Ang Ⅱ, ALD & ET in plasma of rats were detected with radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results: The contents of Ang Ⅱ and ALD were both lower in group C and D than in group B (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Plasma ET in group C had the degrade tendency against group B (P=0.058) while lower in group D than in group B (P<0.01). Conclusion: Shengmai capsule can inhibit plasma incretion level of the CHF rats, because it can relieve the ventricular remodeling of CHF rats.
Keywords: pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine; congestive heart failure; Shengmai capsule; endothelin; angiotensin Ⅱ; aldosterone; ventricular remodeling
 
Title: Model establishment method of rat polyuria due to kidney Yang-deficiency
Authors: WU Qinghe, HUANG Ping, CAO Hongying
PP: 2528～2531
Abstract: Objective: To establishment a model of rat polyuria due to Kidney Yang-deficiency. Methods: Sparague-Dawley (SD) rats were induced independently by adenine (350, 300, 250, 150 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. The general state, weight and urine of the rats were observed. Results: Rats induced by adenine of 250 mg/kg were not dead, and they all appeared the syndrome of kidney Yang-deficiency and polyuria. Conclusion: Adenine can be used to establish the model of the rat polyuria due to kidney Yang-deficiency.
Keywords: pharmacology of Chinese medicine; adenine; polyuria due to kidney Yang-deficiency; model
 
Title: Study on botanical origin and microscopic characters of Caulis clematidis armandii
Authors: GUO Jinlin, PEI Jin, WAN Deguang
PP: 2523～2527
Abstract: The paper studied two species (Clematis armandii Franch and Clematis Montana Buch-Ham) of Caulis clematidis armandii included in pharmacopoeia and two main commercial species Clematis argentilucida W. T. Wang and Clematis peterae Hand-Mazz by shape comparison, freehand section, paraffin section and powder microscopic feature comparison. It found the differences in different origin C. clematidis armandii, and then made the key that could identify the medicinal materials, so as to provide certain scientific basis for reasonably using the medicinal materials.
Keywords: authentication of Chinese medicines; Caulis clematidis armandii; microscopic characteristics; botanical origin; key
 
Title: The effect of pre-moxibustion on Cyt-C, Apaf-1 and gastric mucosal cell apoptosis regulation factors in the acute gastric mucosa injury rats
Authors: YI Shouxiang, YU Jie, CHANG Xiaorong, PENG Yan, YANG Renda
PP: 2515～2522
Abstract: Objective: To observe the effect of pre-moxibustion on cytochrome C (Cyt-C), apoptosis activator 1(Apaf-1) and apoptosis-related factors of gastric mucosal cells of module rats, and to explore the mechanism of protecting gastric mucosal damage by heat shock protein 70(HSP70) induced by pre-moxibustion. Methods: 32 healthy rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups, namely control, model, moxibustion at acupoints and moxibustion at non-acupoints group with 8 cases in each group. Rat models of acute gastric mucosal damage were established by gastric injection of absolute ethyl alcohol in all the groups except the control group. The expression of cytochrome C (Cyt-C), expression of HSP70, cell apoptosis index (AI), apoptosis activator 1 (Apaf-1), Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 in gastric mucosa were detected. Results: Compared with control group, HSP70, AI, Cyt-C, Apaf-1, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 in model group were significantly increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Compared with model group, HSP70 was significantly increased (P<0.01），but AI, Cyt-C, Apaf-1, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 were significantly decreased in moxibustion at acupoints group (P<0.01）. Compared with moxibustion at acupoints group, HSP70 was significantly decreased, but AI, Cyt-C, Apaf-1, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 were significantly increased in moxibustion at non-acupoints group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Moxibustion can up-regulate the expression of HSP70 in gastric mucosa, and then act on targets related to apoptosis mitochondrial signal transduction pathway, to inhibit gastric mucosal cell apoptosis and protect gastric mucosa. And the protecting effect has a certain specificity of acupoints.
Keywords: acupuncture and massage; pre-moxibustion; cell biology; signal transduction; cell apoptosis
 
Title: The analysis of the surface electromyography signals in the study of acupunctural effects on deltoid fatigue
Authors: ZHANG Li, JING Mingxin, ZHAO Yanling, WANG Li, WANG Xiuzhi
PP: 2511～2514
Abstract: Objective: To analyze the relationship of acupuncture effect and middle frequency (MF) and mean power frequency (MPF) of surface electromyography (sEMG) signal. Methods: Collect the sEMG signals of the middle part of both deltoid muscles when the subjects make both shoulders contract homometrically to the maximum abduction. After 20 min relax, do acupuncture “jian san zhen” (Jianyu/Jianqian/Jianhou) on the left shoulder and collect the signals. Results: There was no significant difference between the signals collected before and after acupuncture on the left shoulder (P＞0.05). The MF & MPF decreased significantly on the right shoulder (P＜0.05). The correlation coefficient between deltoid fatigue and acupunctural effect r=0.951 54. Conclusion: the sEMG signals reflect the acupunctural therapeutic effects. MF & MPF decline in the case of deltoid fatigue, while increase after the acupuncture. There is a positive correlation between the function of muscles and the acupunctural effect. Acupuncture can be used to treat muscle fatigue and stop muscular pain and dysfunction. The MF & MPF can be considered as one of the objective indicators to test acupunctural effect.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; acupuncture; surface electromyography signal; middle frequency; mean power frequency
 
Title: Intervention of Yangfei Huoxue prescription on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats
Authors: GUO Hai, GONG Jiening, WEI Kaifeng, ZHANG Qinghong, DONG Lixia
PP: 2504～2510
Abstract: Objective: To determine whether Yangfei Huoxue prescription can prevent bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Methods: Ninety-eight rats were randomly divided into seven groups and were intratracheally infused with bleomycin to build the model. Then every group received corresponding medicine. Finally, the lungs of rats were dyed by HE and Masson. Results: Yangfei Huoxue prescription could obviously decrease degree of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats (P<0.01). Conclusion: Yangfei Huoxue prescription has an obvious intervention in the treatment of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Keywords: clinical foundation of Chinese medicine; pulmonary fibrosis; Yangfei Huoxue prescription; experimental study
 
Title: Behavioral test of rats with post-rheumatoid arthritis depression
Authors: ZHENG Qin, ZHU Yuelan, HOU Xiujuan
PP: 2501～2503
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the rat model of post-rheumatoid arthritis depression by behavioral indicators observed in rats. Methods: The rats were induced arthritis with type Ⅱ collagen first, and then the rats were separately raised and put into chronic unpredictable mild stress in order to induce the model of post-rheumatoid arthritis depression. After undergoing the model-inducing procedures, the rats were examined by behavioral test. Results: It was found that ankle joints were swollen and malformed, the index of arthritis was increasing, the amount of sugar-water consumption by the rats in the model group, both the crossing time and rearing time in the open-field test were much less than those by the rats in the normal group (P<0.01). Conclusion: With swollen and malformed ankle joints，increasing of the index of arthritis, depression, loss of interest, anhedonia and underactivity found in the rats with post-rheumatoid arthritis depression may represent the core symptoms in the patients of post-rheumatoid arthritis depression. The model is repeatable and is an ideal model for post-rheumatoid arthritis depression research.
Keywords: internal Chinese medicine science; post-rheumatoid arthritis depression; rats; behavioral test
 
Title: Clinical study of relevance of stroke syndrome of wind phlegm with blood stasis and seasonal changes of weather
Authors: ZHANG Liangdeng, HE Qingyong, ZHANG Ji
PP: 2496～2500
Abstract: Objective: To study the relevance of stroke syndrome of wind phlegm with blood stasis and seasonal changes of weather by the average bimonthly clinical data (six steps) in Beijing area. Methods: 305 cases of stroke syndrome of wind phlegm with blood stasis were classified by six steps, and were analyzed in the relevance of six qi (six climatic factors), gender, time, month, age and stroke syndrome of wind phlegm with blood stasis. Results: Stroke syndrome of wind phlegm with blood stasis is most likely to occur in the cold seasons, especially cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, while other strokes (subarachnoid hemorrhage, unexplained stroke, etc.) were most likely to occur in the wind seasons; there were more male patients than female; and the older age groups particularly those 66～76 years old occurred stroke syndrome of wind phlegm with blood stasis at greatest probability. Conclusion: Due to lack of body vital qi, six qi becomes evils. Cold evil taking with wind evil causes phlegm and blood stasis, blocks brain meridians and collaterals, thus occurs stroke syndrome of wind phlegm with blood stasis, which is one of main pathogenesis of stroke syndrome of wind phlegm with blood stasis which is at high incidence in cold season in Beijing area.
Keywords: internal Chinese medicine science; stroke; syndrome of wind phlegm with blood stasis; seasonal changes of weather; relevance
 
Title: Effect of Bushen Kangshuai tablet on NF-κB and inflammation factors in rabbit with experimental atherosclerosis
Authors: ZHANG Junping, XU Yingzhi, LI Ming, LI Liangjun, PENG Li, ZHANG Guangyin, YANG Cui, ZHOU Yanan
PP: 2489～2495
Abstract: Objective: To observe the intervening effect and acting mechanism of Bushen Kangshuai tablet (BKT) on rabbit\\\'s atherosclerosis (AS). Methods: Thirty-six male Japanese white rabbits were randomly assigned into four groups: control group, model group, and the simvastatin group the BKT group. The AS model was established. The medication of simvastatin and BKT was given in the whole 10-week course. Levels of blood lipid, interleukin-1(IL-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression in aortic wall, ratio of plaque area to intimal area (PA/IA), intimal thickness (IT), and intimal hyperplasia index (IHI) were measured at the terminal of experiment. Results: Compared with the normal control group, all indexes of the blood lipids and inflammation factors measured at various time points, and the PA/IA, as well as IHI in the model group were higher (P＜0.01). Compared with the model group, the levels of IL-1, MCP-1, TNF-α, NF-κB as well as the ratios of PA/IA and IHI were lower in the two treated groups at all time points after treatment (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). Conclusion: BKT can suppress the inflammation reaction in rabbits to prevent AS formation, and the action is not directly correlated with the blood lipids level.
Keywords: internal Chinese medicine science; Bushen Kangshuai tablet; plaque of atherosclerosis; nuclear factor-κB; inflammation factor
 
Title: The study and outlook of both Chinese and western medicine on cancer-related anemia
Authors: RONG Xiumei, LI Dongyun
PP: 2480～2488
Abstract: Therapeutic interventions on cancer-related anemia in clinic mainly include blood transfusions, administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and herbs. Studies show that, erythropoietin (EPO) is the best therapeutic tool up to now, and it can improve the HGB effectively, however, there are some experts hold different ideas about the safety and effect, which needs to be further discussed. Blood transfusion can remedy anemia soon, however, it can not sustain long. Traditional herbs have been demonstrated in effect in clinic studies, but its extensional mechanism is not clear. The occurrence and treatment of cancer-related anemia are shown from the views of integrated traditional and western medicine in this paper. And safe, effective and economical methods are expected to be discovered, so the patients\' life can be prolonged and quality of life can be improved.
Keywords: oncology; anemia; review; Chinese and western medicine; treatment
 
Title: A study on papain and L-cysteine induced osteoarthritis in rat knee joint
Authors: YIN Ming, XIONG Hui, HE Lizhi
PP: 2474～2479
Abstract: Objective: To establish an animal model of osteoarthritis (OA) in rat knee joint so as to provide a basis for the rehabilitative intervention of OA. Methods：20 μL mixture of 4% papain solution and 0.03 mol/L L-cysteine solution was injected into articular cavity of 20 Sparague-Dawley (SD) rats on the first, third and seventh day to establish the model of knee osteoarthritis and the same volume of saline was injected into the contralateral articular cavity as control. The activity scope of knee joint was measured in batches on the first, second, fourth week after the first injection and the rats were sacrificed and the knee joint cartilages were cut for general observation and histopathological examination. Results: The degenerative changes were demonstrated in the knee joints injected with papain and L-cysteine, such as the lower activity scope of knee joint, thinner and worse articular cartilage, fissuration, fibrous degeneration, fibrillation and destroyed cartilage matrix. All these changes were much worse with prolonged observation time. No similar changes were found in the control group, with significant difference between them. Conclusion: Pathological similarities between papain induced rats knee osteoarthritis and human knee osteoarthritis were observed. This animal model can be used for exploring pathogenesis of this disease and selection of treatments for osteoarthritis of knee joint.
Keywords: laboratory animal science; papain; knee joint osteoarthritis; animal model; rats
 
Title: The numeric representation of some skeletal structures and the graphic demonstration of basis cranii interna
Authors: LIU Yuanqing
PP: 2466～2473
Abstract: Objective: To explore a mathematical approach to study skull structures, so as to use numerical values or equations to express some structure or graphic for the skull, and to apply mathematical calculations to solve some quantitative relationships. Methods: A 3-D coordinate system was designed for skull, based on Frankfurt horizontal plane and analytical geometry method. Thirty-two adult skull specimens were measured to obtain the spatial ‘absolute position’ of some structures in the entire skull. Results: The 3-D coordinate values of 50 points in 27 skeleton structures were measured. These values can be used as basic parameters to calculate and study the structural positions and their ‘relative position relations’. Conclusion: The 3-D coordinate system for the skull is applicable. It can provide various reference data and figures for X-ray examination, operation, puncture and irradiation. Additionally, it can provide a ‘mathematical approach’ for anthropological study.
Keywords: anthropotomy; craniometry; 3-D craniophor; three-dimensional coordinate system of the skull; surgery; imaging diagnosis; anthropology
 
Title: Research on college students\' first heart sound and second heart sound amplitude ratio variability and reversal phenomenon
Authors: GUO Xingming, XIE Meilan, WU Wenzhu, XIAO Zifu, YANG Yong, XIAO Shouzhong
PP: 2461～2465
Abstract: The goal of the study is to get an insight into college student cardiac responses to hypoxia conditions by studying first heart sound (S1) and second heart sound (S2) amplitude ratio (S1/S2) variability. A breath-holding phonocardiogram test (BHPCGT) was designed for inducing a hypoxia condition. When performing the BHPCGT in 116 subjects (71 athletes and 45 non-athletes), a phenomenon, reversal of S1/S2, was found in 13 samples (6 full-reversal and 7 partial-reversal). There were 4 (5.63%) reversed samples in athletes controlled with 9 (20%) in non-athletes. Paired t-test statistic results showed that 50 (70.42%) samples in athletes and 32 (71.11%) in non-athletes had significant differences (P＜0.05) between the two conditions. It suggests that holding breathe does have influenced the function of heart to some extent, and the tolerance to hypoxia may be better in athletes than in non-athletes. The reversal of S1/S2 may have a significant value in assessing cardiac reserve, studying cardiac fatigue and observing heart responses to hypoxia.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; cardiac reserve; phonocardiogram; first heart sound and second heart sound amplitude ratio (S1/S2); variability; reversal phenomenon
 
Title: Determination of the cross-linking between AFP and HSP 70 by agar gel double immunodiffusion test
Authors: DING Mei, ZHAO Jun, ZHANG Lijie, DUAN Zhongping, LIU Shuang, CHEN Yu
PP: 2457～2460
Abstract: Objective: To identify the cross-linking of alphafetoprotein (AFP) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) via agar gel double immunodiffusion test (AGID). Methods: Agar gel immunodiffusion test was conducted twice in agar gel plate with 0.1 mg/L bromophenol blue, first, agar gel immunodiffusion test was carried out with AFP-HSP70 cross-linking protein and AFP antibody, then the test was conducted again with the processed precipitation band and HSP70 antibody. Results: The typical band appeared in the two agar gel immunodiffusion test. Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate, and is suitable for the application on clinical diagnosis and research.
Keywords: immunology; alphafetoprotein; heat shock protein 70; agar gel diffusion test
 
Title: The functions of ISL1, a LIM-homeodomain transcription factor in cardiac development
Authors: LIU Yinan, WANG Weiping, LI Yanming, ZHOU Chunyan
PP: 2451～2456
Abstract: ISL1 is a member of LIM-Homeodomain transcription factor family. Recent studies show that ISL1 plays a pivotal role for the earliest stage of heart development. isl1 knockout in mice leads to a completely missing of the outflow tract, right ventricle, and much of the atria, ultimately results in the mice to die at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5). Lineage tracing analysis demonstrates that ISL1 mainly marks cardiac progenitors derived from the second heart field. It is required for proliferation, migration and survival of these progenitors. Currently, ISL1-positive progenitors have been isolated from embryonic heart, postnatal heart, and even gene specific-targeting embryonic stem cells. These cells exhibited robust multiple differentiation potential, which not only differentiated into functional cadiomyocytes, but also differentiated into all the other diverse cardiac cell types. Therefore, ISL1-positive cells represent tissue-specific cardiac progenitors, and have significantly valuable therapeutic effects in myocardial regeneration and injury. This paper focuses on the research advances of ISL1 in cardiac development during recent years.
Keywords: cell biology; ISL1; review; cardiac progenitor; second heart field; cardiac development