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February 15,2009
Volume 2,Issue 3
Pages 218-315
Subject Area:Electrochemistry,Atom and Molecule Crash Process,High-energy Physics,Applied Optics

Title: The preparation of micro/nano-structured porous ZnO films on stainless steel grid and its photocatalytic activity

Authors: LI Peng, YU Yiling, XU Bin, LI Xiaohui, NIU Zhenjiang
PP: 311～315
Abstract: Micro/nano-structured porous ZnO films were obtained on stainless steel grid substrates by heating porous Zn films which were electrodeposited from the solution of 0.05 mol/L ZnSO4 and2.0 mol/L NH4Cl at 0.6 A穋m-2, using hydrogen bubbles as template. Their photocatalytic activities were investigated by the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous solutions. The results show that the porous Zn and ZnO films both possess uniform porous size and good mechanical performance. Good and recyclable photocatalytic activity of the porous ZnO films toward degradation of RhB was demonstrated.
Keywords: electrochemistry; micro/nano structure; porous ZnO films; photocatalysis; Rhodamine B

Title: Study on organic Tanning Matrices and their tanning power

Authors: CHEN Hui, LI Kai, SHAN Zhihua
PP: 305～310
Abstract: Four polyphenols (polycatechin, quinol, resorcinol and pyrogallol) and three aldehyde tanning agents (THPS, glutaraldehyde and oxazolidine) were introduced into the research to produce a sort of Tanning Matrices. These Tanning Matrices and relevant combination tannages were used to treat with hide powder, respectively, in order to compare the shrinkage temperature of tanned hide powder. The results confirmed that the existence of Tanning Matrix and its high heat-resistance stability would contribute to the high shrinkage temperature of hide powder.
Keywords: engineering of fur and tan; Tanning Matrix; combination tannage; polyphenol

Title: The preparation of stable polyaniline emulsion

Authors: XU Hao, YAN Wei
PP: 298～304
Abstract: In this paper, the production of stable polyaniline emulsion with high conductivity was investigated. In traditional emulsion polymerization, the polyaniline was doped with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate acid (DBSA) under low temperature and high acidity with ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidizing agent. The polyaniline’s powder conductivity was 20.00 S/cm and the decompound temperature was 260℃. In the microemulsion polymerization, the polyaniline was composed with camphorsulfonic acid (SDS) and ammonium persulfate (APS) under low temperature and high acidity. The polyaniline’s powder conductivity was 0.561 2 S/cm and the stability of the obtained polyaniline latex can reach up to 120 days.
Keywords: polymer chemistry; emulsion polymerization; polyaniline; conductivity; stability

Title: Effect of the dipolar alcohols on controlling the morphology of Si-MFI

Authors: CHEN Xiaoxin, YAN Wenfu, CAO Xuejing, YU Jihong, XU Ruren
PP: 294～297
Abstract: Morphology control of silicalite-1 (Si-MFI) crystals was achieved by employing microwave-assisted solvent-thermal synthesis in the reaction system TEOS-TPAOH-alcohol-H2O by using diols as cosolvent. The influences of various experimental parameters, such as the concentration of diols in the reaction mixture, the type of diols and microwave heating profiles on the morphology of the resulting Si-MFI crystals were investigated. The studies show that c-direction prolonged Si-MFI crystals could be synthesized by using diols as cosolvent with high concentration and long microwave heating time. The results were further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Keywords: inorganic chemistry; zeolite; Si-MFI; microwave heating; morphology control; co-solvent

Title: Progress in two photon properties of complexes

Authors: LI Lin, TIAN Yupeng, YANG Jiaxiang, WU Jieying
PP: 284～293
Abstract: Two-photon absorption (TPA) materials have wide and tremendous potential applications in two-photon fluorescence excitation microscopy, three dimensional optical data storage, two-photon upconversion lasing, optical power limiting, three-dimension lithographic microfabrication and photodynamic therapy. A sustained level of fundamental research over the past ten years has left TPA materials well-positioned to let us realize the structure-property relationship and make a technological impact in a variety of disciplines. Complexes have been receiving extensive attention in this field for their structural features and chemical and physical properties. The progress that has been achieved for the appearance and development of two photon properties of complexes are reviewed.
Keywords: coordination chemistry; complex; two photon; ligand design; nonlinear optical effects

Title: The relation of Murrell-Sorbie potential parameters and spectrum data for diatomic molecules

Authors: SHENG Xiaowei , YU Chunri, LI Ping
PP: 281～283
Abstract: The relation of Murrell-Sorbie potential parameters and spectrum date for diatomic molecules is got. The parameters and analytic expression of Murrell-Sorbie potential for HF and HI molecules are got by using ab initio calculation and nonlinear least square method. Furthermore, the spectrum data for HF and HI molecules are calculated, which are in excellent agreement with existing experimental data. The study has reference value for the dynamics research of diatomic molecules and ions whose experimental spectrum data are difficult to get.
Keywords: atomic and molecular physics; Murrell-Sorbie potential; diatomic molecules; spectrum data

Title: The charge exchange of Xeq+ grazing on Al(111) surface

Authors: HU Bitao, WANG Lili, SONG Yushou, GU Jiangang, CHEN Chunhua
PP: 276～280
Abstract: In the present work, with self-developed program STARF under COBM(classical over barrier model), the neutralization process of slow highly charged Xeq+ and dependence of its charge state on the distance from Al(111) surface when scattering on Al(111) surface under grazing angle were investigated. In addition, the image energy gain of differently charged Xeq+ was calculated and compared with the experimental results. In this simulation, the energy loss resulted from the interaction between highly charged ion and solid surface was taken into account. The calculated image energy gain agrees very well with the existent experimental results.
Keywords: atomic and molecular physics; collision between atom and molecule; image energy gain; classical over barrier model; slow highly charged ion; hollow atom

Title: Control a complex dynamical network to its equilibrium with time delay method

Authors: SUN Lin, ZHANG Xu
PP: 272～275
Abstract: Complex networks have been focused on by scientists from various fields. Recently, the synchronization of complex networks attracts more and more interests. Time delay feedback method is usual to achieve synchronization. Based on the control of time-delay bidirectional coupled chaotic systems, the scope of coupling parameters can be obtained. This paper uses a time delay feedback method to control a scale-free dynamical network to its equilibrium by choosing appropriate time delay in the parameter scope. Numerical simulations denote its Robustness. And this method is applicable to global complex dynamical networks.
Keywords: theoretical physics; time delay; equilibrium; synchronization

Title: Zipf’s Law in software download on World Wide Web

Authors: ZHANG Yifeng, ZHANG Dong
PP: 268～271
Abstract: The Zipf’s Law has been studied in philology and some other social and physical science fields. And now it’s important to get useful information from the network. To increase the efficiency of the network information using, it’s necessary to analyze the statistical data of the software download and find its general law. In this paper, the data of the software download ranking of some software website was collected and analyzed. It was discovered that the software download frequency distribution is tally with Zipf’s Law. At the same time, the error of the parameter was obtained and the reason of its producing was analyzed. It was discovered that the Zipf’s exponent of software download frequency distribution always moves in 0.6 to 1.3 generally. The distributions of the software download with various periods agree the Zipf’s Law.
Keywords: applied physics; information on internet; download frequency distribution; Zipf’s Law

Title: The influences of Lorentz and Levi-Civita conservation laws upon the formation of black holes

Authors: CHEN Fangpe
PP: 262～267
Abstract: Whether the black holes exist or not is currently one question of the academic debates. Based on the considerations of the quantum mechanical properties, it has been suggested by some physicists that black holes do not exist. In this article, based on the classical theory of gravity, the Lorentz and Levi-Civita conservation laws are applied to study the problems of the existence of black holes. The hypothesis that some of the positive value energy density of matter field and some of the negative value energy density of gravitational field might mutually annihilate each other to zero energy is used to explain how a black hole could not exist. It will be showed that this hypothesis do not violate the second law of thermodynamics and the singularity theorem. This hypothesis supports the view point that black holes may not exist.
Keywords: astrophysics; black hole; conservation laws of energy-momentum tensor; event horizon; entropy; matter field

Title: One-dimensional scattering by spin-dependent potentials

Authors: ZHANG Pengfei, LIU Jianheng, RUAN Tunan, HE Duohui
PP: 254～261
Abstract: The problem of one-dimensional scattering of a particle with spin 1/2 by the spin-dependent potentials is investigated. Based on the so called Pauli equation for a particle with spin h-/2 (or Schr錸dinger equation for a particle with spin half), in three cases of spin-dependent ladder, δ- and square potentials, calculations are performed fully, with the respective scattering solutions. For all the three cases with different potential each, various calculations are performed with incident beams of particles at different pure state of polarization, and explicitly manifested the polarization dependence of the results. By introducing the spin transmission matrix and spin reflection matrix, the change of the polarization states of the transmission or reflection beam with respect to the polarization state of the incident beams is generally described. Further, from the so derived solution for the pure state of polarization, the results for scattering with the incident beams of particles at general mixed state of polarization are obtained. The reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient are given, and some related discussions are made.
Keywords: quantum mechanics; spin 1/2 particle; spin-dependent potential; one-dimensional scattering

Title: Three-dimensional CRAM memory cell structure design and thermal analysis

Authors: LI Juan, WANG Jiafu
PP: 249～253
Abstract: According to the memory principle and the characteristic of chalcogenide random access memory (CRAM), based on the CMOS craftwork whose feature size is 0.15 μm, the CRAM memory cell using Ge2Sb2Te5 as storage material was designed. With the three-dimensional heat conduction model, this paper used the numerical method to simulate and analyze the thermal field distribution in CRAM cell and its evolvement. The thermal compatibility between CRAM cell and CMOS had been realized by inserting a TiN layer between the heater and the bottom electrode. A structure of three-dimensional CRAM memory cell had finally been designed out which can satisfy the requests of recording, reading-writing and the thermal compatibility between the CRAM cell and the CMOS circuit. The three dimensional thermal field distribution had also been calculated. All above provide useful information in studying the memory mechanism of CRAM more deeply and in promoting the design of the structure of CRAM memory cell.
Keywords: semiconductor physics; memory cell structure; numerical methods; three-dimensional thermal field.

Title: Quark distributions in nuclei and nuclear effect on l-A DIS process

Authors: WANG Yanzhao, ZHANG Hongfei , GAO Yonghua, HOU Zhaoyu, DONG Jianmin, DUAN Chungui, ZUO Wei
PP: 242～248
Abstract: Due to the analysis of the experimental data on deep inelastic lepton-nucleus scattering (l-A DIS), the nuclear effect on the nuclear parton distribution, parton distribution functions (PDF) in nuclei can be well extracted. These accurately determined PDFs are valuable in interpreting the experimental results in nucleus-nucleus and proton-nucleus interactions at relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) and large hadron collider (LHC), and in determining electro-weak parameters and understanding the neutrino mass and neutrino mixing and so forth. In this paper, extended nuclear effect parameter formulae on quark distributions in nuclei are obtained by fitting a large amount of experimental data on l-A DIS process on the basis of an improved nuclear density model. The experimental data on l-A DIS processes with A≥3 in the region 0.001≤x≤0.950 are quite satisfactorily described by using the extended formulae. Our knowledge on the influence of nuclear matter on the quark distributions is deepened. But the effectiveness of the extended nuclear effect parameter formulae is still need to be further tested and corrected by more experimental data.
Keywords: intermediate and high energy nuclear physics; extended nuclear effect parameter formulae on quark distributions; phenomenological methods; nuclear effect on l-A deep inelastic scattering process

Title: Study on preceding experimental teaching method and its application in electromagnetism experiments

Authors: YOU Yangming, MA Wenjuan, ZHANG Chunhua, LI Fangcun, WANG Jinde, MAO Cuiying, YOU Shucai, WANG Bingzhang
PP: 235～241
Abstract: According to the instructive theory of constructivism, this paper explains the content, significance and method of preceding experimental teaching method in details, perfects and updates its theory to make it more applicable. The preceding experimental teaching method, that is, to arrange the experimental activity ahead of teaching the theory, so that students can find problems in the course of experiment and solve them in the follow-up theory teaching, it is able to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of students and let them be full of “suspense” before the class. The biggest advantage of the preceding experimental teaching method is to provide more supports to the heuristic and interactive teaching. It enables students to get the maximum amount of information of physics, chemistry, biology and other natural phenomena within limited time and space and in turn to cooperate the classroom teaching strongly. The “hide” of experimental class and the “show” of theory teaching echo each other to make the experiment and theory class linked organically. After more than ten years of practice, it proves that the preceding experimental teaching method is indeed a good way to reform the current experimental teaching and is worthy for recommendation.
Keywords: electromagnetism; the preceding experimental teaching method; higher education; the instructive theory of constructivism; heuristic and interactive teaching

Title: The research on temperature-insensitive chemical concentration sensor based on twin Bragg fiber grating

Authors: ZHAO Dexin, WANG Kuiru, ZHANG Jinlong, MENG Zhaofang
PP: 229～234
Abstract: The structure and sensing mechanism of long-period fiber grating (LPFG) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) chemical sensor are introduced. The influence of reducing temperature sensitivity of LPFG and FBG chemical sensor is focused on and experimentally investigated, respectively. The temperature-insensitive LPFG and FBG chemical sensors in concentration measurement of chemical solutions are analysed. One method based on twin Bragg fiber grating is designed by measuring the peak wavelength difference between FBG, which has the sensitivity of 0.096 nm for changing 1% concentration of sugar solutions.
Keywords: spectroscopy; long-period fiber grating; fiber Bragg grating; twin Bragg fiber grating; temperature-insensitive

Title: The propagation property of incoherent accessible white-light solitons in strongly nonlocal Kerr media

Authors: KONG Qian, SHI Jielong, SHEN Ming, HU Ruihong, WANG Qi
PP: 223～228
Abstract: This paper proposes a theoretical investigation of the propagation property of incoherent accessible white-light solitons in strongly nonlocal media with noninstantaneous Kerr nonlinearity. These solitons have elliptic Gaussian intensity profile and anisotropic spatiotemporal coherence properties. When this soliton exists, the spatial coherence distance should be longer for lower frequencies and shorter for higher frequencies. The propagation of the incoherent accessible white-light solitons depends on the incident power as well as the coherence properties of the beam. When the incident power differs from the critical value, the accessible white-light solitons will yield the periodic harmonic oscillations. This paper discusses the coherence properties in detail.
Keywords: radio physics; incoherent white-light solitons; strongly nonlocal media; mutual spectral density theory

Title: The fabrication of micro-nano fibers by heaters

Authors: DING Ye, YANG Qing, YANG Zongyin, TONG Limin
PP: 218～222
Abstract: Similar to the electronic devices, photonic devices show the trend of miniaturization. Light can be limited in sub-wavelength domain to achieve long-distance and low-loss in transmission of microfiber, and this makes it possible to fulfill the miniaturization of optical devices and the optical interconnection between the microchip. Meanwhile, microfiber is satisfied with the characteristics of strong evanescent field and high-power density, and can achieve high sensitivity optical sensing and low threshold nonlinear optical effect. In recent years, these characteristics make micro-nano fiber become a new hot spot of micro-nano photonic study. This paper introduces many ways of taper-drawing fabrication of micro-nano fibers (MNFs) by hand and mechanization. And then advantages and disadvantages of the methods are compared.
Keywords: optical engineering; micro-nano fibers; drawing by flame heater; drawing by electrical heater; fabrication of micro-nano fibers

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