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ISSN 1674-2850
CN 11-9150/N5
 
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May 15,2008
Volume 1,Issue 1
Pages 1-145
Subject Area:Human Geography (including Regional Grography, Tourism Geography, other Subjects),Cartography,Exploration Geophysics,Financial Management,Geography
 
Title: Considerations about integrated land use planning for township grade in our country
Authors: WANG Qiuxian, XU Huamin, LI Pengwei
PP: 140～145
Abstract: On the foundation of the considerations about integrated planning l and use for township grade, this paper analyzed its existing problems and paradox. To solve these problems, some suggestions and measures are put forward accord rate with the rules and the facts of our country. These would made our planning more scenically, reasonably and feasibly.
Keywords: Land use; Integrated Planning; Considerations; Township Grade
 
Title: A study on ore-control structures of the Meihe Quartz-vein-type Gold Deposits, Danba, West Sichuan
Authors: LI Yuanqing,WANG Genhou, WAN Yongping
PP: 85～90
Abstract: Meihe Quartz-vein-type Gold Deposits in the eastern margin of Songpan GarzeˆOrogenic Belt, the tectonic faults and folds are main ore-control structures. The study area north of the West tectonic framework to fracture, and there are things to the East-West, North-East to fracture their support, fully demonstrating the level of ore-control structures and regularity. Fold axis to the extension of the North-West, control the formation of the veins, distribution and spatial location. There are many sub-structure, strongly deformed rocks and cleavage belt along the vein .The faults extending to NW ,Dongku fault and Wuhaozha fault , are the main ore-leading structures and the ascendent orientation of the ore-bearing structures are NW, NE, NNE(near SN) lentoid-open fracture . Host fold in the space of the main shaft of the collapse of the location of pressure shear and compression fracture junctions formed by shear rupture in the structure.
Keywords: ore-structure; Meihe Quartz-vein-type Gold Deposits; polar stereographic projection; Danba; Dongku fault
 
Title: Quaternary geology and paleoenvironment in the eastern Qinghai-Xizang plateau
Authors: ZHAO Zhizhong, WANG Shubin, QIAO Yansong,YAO Haitao, WANG Yan, LI Chaozhu, FU Jianli, LIU Zongxiu, JIANG Fuchu
PP: 1～8
Abstract: There are late Cenozoic lacustrine and loess and red clay and moraines in the eastern Qinghai-Xizang plateau. Different genetic sediments recorded rich information of Quaternary palaeoenvironment change. Xigeda lacustrine in Pliocene formed from 4.2 MaB.P. to 2.6 MaB.P..There were nice stages from warm to cold with periodic rhythm. Eolian is widespreaded in the western Sichuan, and began 1.15MaB.P.. The loess-soil sequence recorded fourteen cycles of paleomosoon. Red clay in Chengdu basin recorded five stages of paleoclimatic change since 1.13 MaB.P.. There was an old glaciation 4.3Ma B.P.in the eastern Qinghai-Xizang plateau. During Quaternary, there are five extreme paleoclimatic events corresponding with five glaciations.
Keywords: quaternary geology; Xigeda lacustrine deposits; Loess in western Sichuan; Chengdu red clay; Quaternary glacier
 
Title: The sedimentary characters and its environmental analyse of the Neoproterozoic Jiuliqiao Formation in Huainan region, Anhui Province and its significance
Authors: JIA Zhihai, HONG Tianqiu, WANG Wei
PP: 73～84
Abstract: The Neoproterozoic Jiuliqiao Formation in Huainan region consisted of sandy，silty and dolomitic limestone，is the perfect strata for researches on the life evolution and their environmental restriction during the neoproterozoic. The outcropped characters of the tempestite, molar-tooth carbonatites, glauconite-condensed-sections and organic deposits indicate that, different events had happened in varied environments during the Jiuliqiao Stage, such as violent earthquakes in the shallower environment during the early period, frequent strong storms, stromatlite reef building process in the slowly transgressive environment and the maximum flooding events during the middle period, the abrupt environment changes and regression during the later period. The depositional characters indicate that the carbonatites of the Jiuliqiao Formation was formed mainly in the shallow ramp environment, and a whole transgressive—regressive depositional cycle had occurred during the Jiuliqiao Stage.
Keywords: Sedmentology; depositional environments; field research; sedimentary association; Jiuliqiao Formation; Neoproterozoic
 
Title: Studies on human activities and trend about the evolvement of desertification in Hulunbeir grassland
Authors: ZHOU Yaozhi, GUO Yuhai
PP: 42～48
Abstract: This paper analyses the relationship between human activities and the evolvement of desertification in Hulunbeir grassland with the data of population， stockbreeding and reclamation in last 50 years.It is found that there is a strong correlation between human activities and the degree of desertification. And human activities imposed significant cumulative impacts on desertification.The reclamation showed the most significant cumulative impacts on desertification in the fourteenth year while that of the stockbreeding on desertification came to a maximum in the thirteenth．Due to cosmical reclamation during the end of last century， the stockbreeding’s rapid development at present and the weak grassland management， the desertification in Hulunbeir grassland will rapidly outspread in the next 10 years.
Keywords: Ecology; Evolvement; Desertification; Hulunbeir grassland
 
Title: Stock volume estimation of forest stand using RS
Authors: CHEN Yunzhi,WANG Xiaoqin, LING Feilong, JIANG Hong
PP: 63～67
Abstract: Forest stand is basic units of forest production and management, and stock volume is one of the most import factors of forest inventory at stand level. This article use the original six bands and some ratio bands of TM data, the backscatter efficient of ERS-2 SAR data as the main data, integrate with elevation，slope and so on, to construct the equation of volume estimation. The procedure includes the selection of the most important variables and estimation of stand’s volume. The result implied that the main factors include TM1,TM7/3,TM4×3/7, Sar00,aspect, age and slope. The accuracy of evaluation is about 10% in term of Overall Relative Error. Both problem and potential of forest quantitative estimation by RS are discussed.
Keywords: cartology; stock volume; remote sensing; forest stand
 
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Title: Development of tourism resources 1 strategy of tourism anti-poverty of Mengda Nature Reserves
Authors: YU Lupeng, AN ping, ZHOU Qiang
PP: 120～126
Abstract: Tourism anti-poverty is a brand-new travel model, whose multiplier effect can increase the self-development function of poverty-stricken areas. It has become an important way of dispelling the poverty. Xunhua Salar Autonomous County, Qinghai Province is terminally supported on both national and provincial levels, its social economy is underdeveloped, its poverty rate is high, its population below the poverty line is large, but its tourism resources are rich, especially the Mengda Nature Reserve. This paper points out the necessity and fesibility of tourism anti-poverty by evaluating its tourism resources, and offers some suggestions to the exploitation for the sustainable development of tourism resources.
Keywords: human geography; PPT strategy; evaluate;tourism resources; tourism anti-poverty; exploit
 
Title: Sedimental features and controlling factors of glutenite of steep slope, Dongying sag, Shandong, China——Example for Fengshen-1 area
Authors: XIA Jingsheng, GAO Xiangcheng
PP: 91～97
Abstract: Many diachronous glutenite fans were found in actic region in the north of the Dongying sag by observing and describing the drill cores of Fengshen-1 and Fengshen-8 well, and researching of seismic cross-section. These kinds of glutenite include alluvial fans、fans delta and nearshore subaqueous fans mainly and so on. The developing of this deposit accompany with badly faulting. This kind of glutenite has the feature of density current and contains much assorted coarse fragment. These glutenite fans developed in dark peat of lake facies and had peculiar resemblance and reflection configuration in seismic cross-section. The development of these glutenite were controlled by tectonic movement and hydrodynamic force.
Keywords: mineralogy, petrology, Mineral Deposits; sedimental features of glutenite; multidisciplinary analysis of geology; actic region; Dongying sag
 
Title: The process of data conversion from CAD to GIS and its problems in rural cadastral—A case study in Miaocheng Town of Huairou
Authors: LI Jianlin, WANG Hongjuan, JIA Qingxue
PP: 127～131
Abstract: CAD software is usually used in field survey and GIS software is usually used in indoor processing and data managing because of its performance and cost, so the necessity and problems of data conversion from CAD to GIS are discussed in this paper, we give the detailed process and point out the problems of data conversion including system error, half adjust error and human errors, giving some advices for improving accuracy and efficiency of data conversion in rural cadastral. The experimental work in HuaiRou provides a technical basis for further work.
Keywords: cartology; MapGIS; rural cadastral; data conversion
 
Title: Electrical Resistivity of Compacted Unsaturated Clay by Experiment Study
Authors: LI Fang
PP: 110～114
Abstract: This paper studied the electrical resistivity characteristics after compaction, and the influence factors of resistivity, The relationship between resistivity and other physical properties are studied too. The relationship between resistivity and water content of soil samples after compaction are that the resistivity decreased when the water content increased, but the influence degree became small when water content reach to about 22%. The resistivity decreased with the water saturation increased. The influence of the porosity ratio and dry density to resistivity are that the resistivity increased to about 100Ω·m, then decreased with the increase of porosity ratio and dry density, the resistivity increase when the density decrease. The relationship between unconfined compression strength and electrical resistivity are that the resistivity gentle increase when the unconfined compression strength increased, when the unconfined compression strength increase to about 120kPa ,the resistivity increase as exponential curve.the relationship can use two different curve to fitting them ,the first one is liner, the second one is exponential curve.
Keywords: exploration geophysics; electrical resistivity; experiment; compaction clay
 
Title: The implications of Cambrian lobopods for origin of arthropods
Authors: LIU Jianni, SHU Degan, HAN Jian, ZHANG Zhifei
PP: 68～72
Abstract: The Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte, located in the Eastern Yunnan of China, has been regarded as a crucial window to observe the radiation of the metazoan because of the well preserved soft-bodied fossils. Arthropods, as a predominant group in living animal kingdom (accounting for ~80% of the total species), also has the greatest diversity in the number and morphology in Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte (about half of the total species). Thus, the origin and diversification of arthropods is one of the most hotly-debated subject. Arthropods used to be thought closely related with annelids, but they are now believed to be separated into two major realms within Protostomia on the basis of new molecular data, i.e. the Ecdysozoa and Lophotrochozoa respectively. Therefore, the study of extinct “stem groups” provides the key to understand the early evolution of and the origin of the arthropods. The paleontologists had done a lot of hard work and found the Cambrian lobopods bore pairs of non-segmented primitive limbs might be ancestral to all arthropods. Based on the information of Miraluolishania、Jianshanopodia and Megadictyon, we have made some progresses in tracing relationship between lobopods and arthropods.
Keywords: Palaeobiology; Lobopod; arthropods; Cambrian; Chengjiang fossil Lagerst鋞te
 
Title: A perspective of Character evolution of Early Cambrian brachiopods
Authors: ZHANG Zhifei, SHU Degan
PP: 25～41
Abstract: Brachiopods, a group of benthic suspension-feeding marine invertebrates, made their first appearance in the Lower Cambrian, together with widespread “Small Shelly Fossils”. They are, however, known largely based on the fossil records of shells. Consequently, our knowledge of Palaeozoic brachiopods anatomy relies heavily on analogies with their extant relatives, yet these analogies have been untested regarding stem-group clades. Fortunately, brachiopods from the celebrated Chengjiang fauna have exquisitely preserved soft-tissues, including pedicles, setae, mantle canals, lophophores, digestive tracts and well-defined visceral regions, which reveal the body plans and evolutionary acquisition of morphological novelties of the early stocks, and also provide a good opportunity for testing the analogies with the stem goups from the extant reprsentatives. These fossils have corroborated the view that brachiopods developed complex organization of tissues, and achieved considerable evolutionary success already by the onset of Cambrian explosion. Studies of Chengjiang brachiopods suggest that an early spirolophe was the most common configuration of lophophores at least from the bigining of the Cambrian, and that attachment by a pedicle to the substrate was probably the most commn relationship of Cambrian brachiopods with the substrate where they inhabited.
Keywords: Early Cambrian; Chengjiang fauna; brachiopods; character evolution; lifestyle
 
Title: The review of diamond defect-centers
Authors: WU Gaichao, YU Xiaoyan
PP: 9～16
Abstract: In the diamond,there are four types of lattice defects: the point-defects, the line-defects, the surface-defects and the body-defects. But the study of the point-defects is the dominant. The defect-centers arising in the point-defects play an important role for the color of diamonds. The defect-centers includes two types: optical activity and non-activity. The color-center is a heart defect optical activity of the centre. There are mainly two types of color-centers: color-centers from impurities or from radiation injury. Meantime, each color-center has a number of specific manifestations. The non-activity defects are mainly from the activity of hydrogen impurities, nickel impurities, and cobalt impurities. This paper aims at providing a basis for revealing the cause of the diamond color, through the summary of various defect-centers.
Keywords: diamond; defect-center; review; point-defect; color-center; color-center from radiation injury
 
Title: The virtual reality display of the lithosphere structure evolution along the Yadong-Golmud geoscience transect
Authors: XU Huiping, CHEN Yue, CHEN Huagen, LIAO Xiaoliu, WSNG Zhibo
PP: 17～24
Abstract: In order to visualized present the Qinghai-Tibet plateau lithosphere evolution, the virtual reality (VR) technique was used to study the Yadong-Golmud geosciences transect. Combined with the integrated geophysical and geological interpretation cross section results offered by ‘YADONG-GOLMUD GEOSCIENCE TRANSECT’, compiled by Gongjian Wu etc., the modern plateau three dimensional lithosphere structure along the transect was inversed by the transect gravity anomalies. Based on the “Tibetan tectonic evolution inferred from spatial and temporal variations in post-collisional magmatism” by Sun-Lin Chung, Mei-Fei Chu, etc., and “Global geoscience transect Golmud-Ejin Qi transect, China” by Wang Zejiu, Wu Gongjian, Xiao Xuchang etc., the lithosphere structure of different geological time in plateau and the dynamic evolution models were established. These models make up of key frames of the evolution history in Qinghai-Tibet plateau. According to the evolution process in geological time, the middle frames between two key frames were calculated to make the visual display become smoothly. After the VR software tool kits was developed under OpenGL & VC++.NET platform, It was used to display the dynamic evolution of Yadong-Golmud geoscience transect.
Keywords: geophysics; Yadong-Golmud geoscience transect; Qinghai-Tibet plateau; visual reality; Lithosphere evolution; dynamic process
 
Title: The minerization conditions of Dongsheng sandtone type uranium deposit in Ordos basin
Authors: ZHU Weiping, WU Rengui, ZHANG Yongmei
PP: 98～103
Abstract: Study on mineralization conditions indicates that the sandstone type uranium of Dongsheng deposits have favorable mineralization conditions. The tectonic background was relatively stable when the ore-bearing strata formed; and later it was in the uplifting and denuding sub-tectonic setting, the favorable ‘three-layered Structure’ formed during the evolution of the basin. All these conditions as the area background contribute to the formation of uranium ore deposits. The ore-bearing sand body was formed in the warm and moist climate, contained abundant reducing medium, and had faborable connectivity, stratification and permeability. Yan’an formation the lake facies mudstone of underlying and meander river inundation sedimentarty of overlying Zhiluo formation form the favorable sedimentary strata structure for uranium mineralization. Meanwhile, the abundant uranium sources of the source district and the wide development of oxidation form the advantaged uranium mineralization conditions.
Keywords: Sandstone type uranium deposit, metallogenic conditions， the Ordos Basin, Dongsheng Area
 
Title: Research on 3D visualization scene data model ofvirtual geographical environment
Authors: CHEN Min, SHENG Yehua, WEN Yongning, TAO Hong
PP: 57～62
Abstract: Based on the analysis of geological data mode and the characteristics of Virtual Reality technique, and the particularity of the virtual geological environment, in this paper, the author devises a scene data mode, which is applicable to the presentation of the 3- dimensioned data mode in the VGE, and it can function as a good support for the visualization in the scientific computing and the presentation of the complicated scene.
Keywords: virtual geographical environment; 3-dimensioned virtualization system; scene data mode
 
Title: A prior knowledge spatial spread model in remote sensing inversion
Authors: QU Yonghua, WANG Jindi
PP: 49～56
Abstract: In the general method to retrieve land surface parameters while inverting a physical-based model, only the remotely sensed data is employed. However, it should be noted that the information contained in the adjacent pixels may provide some information that may be used to help retrieving target parameters. In this article, a priori knowledge spread model is proposed to conduct the issue of spatial information spread while retrieving vegetation key parameters(Leaf Area Index, LAI) using a Bayesian network method in regional scale. In our proposed algorithm, the posterior distribution of target parameters is used as the prior knowledge for its adjacent points. When using the posterior information as the spatial adjacent points’ prior information, the spatial correlation information has been added into the process of inversion, thus the inversion process is the spread of priori knowledge and new data information. In this paper, this algorithm of spatial spread of prior knowledge is abbreviated as SSPK.To validate our proposed method, the field measured data as well as ETM+ Imagery collected in Shunyi, Beijing in China dated on 17 April 2001 is employed. The experiment’s objects are focus on the winter wheat when derived the data set. Using these data, the canopy LAI (Leaf Area Index) of winter wheat is estimated using our proposed model and validated using part of the collected data. The estimated result of LAI in this region has lower RMSE for two parts of region, one is 0.53 and another is 0.66.The validation result shows that using the probability likelihood as the complementary measurement index of estimated LAI and the ground truth value is a suitable method. In general, the trend of probability likelihood is slightly steady. And about 77 percent of all validation results lie in the mean value plus or minus one standard variance.
Keywords: remote Sensing; inversion; a priori knowledge; spatial spread; uncertainty
 
Title: Study on construct information system of urban underground space
Authors: PEI Yanli, ZHANG Xu
PP: 115～119
Abstract: Although the development and utilization of urban underground space has a certain scale, there are some problems on information construct. This article proposes the System operating framework and design-related functions form the necessities on construct, which can make the development and utilization of urban underground more Standardized and scientific.
Keywords: GIS; underground space; information system; construct
 
Title: A comparsion between the two deep-sea multibeam echosounder
Authors: LIU Fanglan, YU Ping, XIAO Bo, LUO Weidong
PP: 104～109
Abstract: SeaBeam 2112 and EM120 multibeam echosounders are widely used in deep-sea bathymetric survey in recent years. Based on the real survey data, this paper aims to make a comparison between the data density, the topography profiles and different scale topography maps. The results are that the two systems are identical on the measure accuracy, but the data obtained by EM120 system can draw maps with large scale than by SeaBeam.
Keywords: Marine mapping; multibeam; comparison; SeaBeam; EM120