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September 15,2014
Volume 7,Issue 17
Pages -
Subject Area:Ecology,Entomology,Biotechnology,Biochemistry,Cell Biology

Title: Relationship between specific performance and trunk muscle strength of China elite freestyle skiing aerials athletes

Authors: WANG Shuzhou, LI Yang, ZHOU Yue, ZHU Han
PP: 1782-1788
Abstract: Objective: The study is aimed to provide theoretical basis for training and preparing for match and selection of 14 athletes of national team through exploring the relationship between specific performance and trunk muscle strength of freestyle skiing aerials athletes. Methods: The research used ISOMED2000 isokinetic testing system to test national freestyle skiing aerials athletes performed 60(°)/s, 180(°)/s speed trunk flexion and extension and 60(°)/s, 150(°)/s speed trunk rotation. The relevant data of specific performance was obtained through FIS, Chinese Ski Association and training of national team. Results: The trunk flexion and extension peak torque (PT), peak torque to body weight ratio (PT/BW) of China excellent freestyle skiing aerials athletes had highly positive correlation with the specific performance（r=0.59-0.83, P＜0.05）. The correlation coefficient of trunk extension was higher than trunk flexion. Flexor/extensor (F/E) of trunk had negative correlation with the rate of landing success［60(°)/s r=-0.67, 180(°)/s r=-0.72, P＜0.05］. The correlation coefficient of trunk rotation at fast speed ［150(°)/s］ was higher than slow speed ［60(°)/s］. In fast speed ［150(°)/s］, the correlation coefficient of left trunk rotation was higher than right and the left trunk rotation PT, PT/BW had positive correlation with the rate of landing success（r=0.64, r=0.67, P＜0.05）. Conclusion: The strength of trunk flexion and extension and trunk rotation has critical influence on the specific performance of freestyle skiing aerials, especially the trunk extension strength and left rotation strength.
Keywords: sport physiology; freestyle skiing aerials; trunk muscle strength; specific performance; rate of landing success

Title: Effects of long-term aerobic exercises on the expressions of AR and the downstream signals of mTOR in rat skeletal muscle

Authors: TANG Chunxue, ZENG Fanxing, CHU Luya
PP: 1772-1781
Abstract: Objective: In this research, we built up an exercise protocol of long-term aerobic exercise, in order to observe the changing characteristics of androgen receptor (AR), ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70 ku (p70S6K) and eIF4E-binding protein 1(4EBP1) signals and explore the interaction between AR and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway during the process of protein synthesis, and to provide more experimental basis for the molecular mechanism of sports promoting protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. Methods: 30 male SD rats aged 7 weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups, 6 for each: group control and aerobic exercise groups with muscle being isolated at 4 different time points after the last exercise training. The rats were trained with increasing load of treadmill running which the final intensity was 28 m/min, 60 min. The training program lasted for 7 weeks with 2 days break each week. The protein levels of myosin heavy chain (MHC) expressions and both the total and the phosphorylated forms of AR, p70S6K and 4EBP1 were determined by Western blotting. Results: MHC in group exercise increased compared with the group control （P＞0.05）. The phosphorylation expression of AR(Ser210) increased significantly at 6 hours after exercise in the gastrocnemius （P＜0.05）, while the total amount of AR reached the peak of expressions at 12 hours after exercise (P＜0.05). Compared to the group control, the long-term aerobic exercise significantly increased the phosphorylation expressions of both S6K（Thr389） at 6 hours （P＜0.05） and 4EBP1(Thr37/46) at 0, 6, 12 hours after exercise (P＜0.01） in gastrocnemius, and the peak of 4EBP1 phosphorylation expression was also at 6 hours after the last training. Also, the expressions of total S6K declined significantly at 24 hours after exercise （P＜0.05）, while the total 4EBP1 had no significant changing compared to control (P＞0.05）. Conclusion: Long-term aerobic exercise can significantly activate AR, p70S6K and 4EBP1 signals in skeletal muscle, and the parallel trend of these changes prompts that AR and mTOR downstream signals have played a synergy in the process of protein synthesis in the skeletal muscle.
Keywords: sport physiology; mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway; Western blotting; androgen receptor; aerobic exercise

Title: Identification of moth species (Notodontidae) from Songshan, Yanqing in Beijing using DNA barcoding

Authors: YU Xiaoxi, ZHOU Xiaoxue, YANG Conghui, WU Chunsheng, ZHANG Aibing
PP: 1764-1771
Abstract: Objective: To identify moth species (Notodontidae) from Songshan, Yanqing in Beijing using DNA barcoding. Methods: Total genomic DNA was extracted from specimens of moths. Mitochondrial mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunitⅠ （COI） sequences were amplified. Species identifications were performed using system evolutionary, diagnostic characters and general mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) methods. Results and conclusion: DNA barcoding produces good classification results and all these methods could classify these species correctly.
Keywords: ecology; Notodontidae; DNA barcoding; phylogenetic tree; diagnostic character site; general mixed Yule-coalescent

Title: Study of the diversity and the fauna of wild animals in Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve Tongtian river branch of Qinghai province

Authors: ZHANG Ying, BAO Min, LI Ruofan, ZHANG Dehai, JIN Daiying, DUAN Pei, CHEN Zhenning
PP: 1757-1763
Abstract: In an investigation of the diversity and the fauna of wild animals in Sanjiangyuan National Tongtian River Nature Reserve branch of Qinghai province in the summer of 2012, the following localities were surveyed: a total of 142 species were recorded, belonging to 1 order 2 families 4 species of amphibia, 1 order 2 families 2 species of reptilla, 13 orders 31 families 104 species of aves, 5 orders 13 families 32 species of mammalia. There are 114 species belong to the palearctic realm, 8 species belong to the oriental realm and the last 20 species are cosmopolitan species, 80.28%, 5.63% and 14.08% of the total species. 22 wetland species were recorded, take 15.50% of the total species. Among them, 1 species is the first class national protected animal, 16 species are the second class national protected animal, 65 species are listed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list.
Keywords: zoology; Sanjiangyuan; Tongtian river; wild animals; nature reserve

Title: Structure and distribution of short neuropeptide F receptor (sNPFR1) in the brain of Drosophila melanogaster

Authors: CHEN Wenfeng, ZHAO Zhangwu
PP: 1752-1756
Abstract: The mushroom body is a prominent set of bilateral neuropils in the insect brain, known to be a memory control center in which the short neuropeptide F (sNPF) is expressed. However, the distribution of its receptor (sNPF receptor 1, sNPFR1) in mushroom bodies remains unknown. In this paper, we analyze the structure of sNPFR1 and found it’s a classic G-coupled protein that contains seven transmembrane structures. We also co-localized sNPF and sNPFR1 in mushroom bodies and find that sNPFR1 also distributes in mushroom bodies, but different with the distribution of sNPF.
Keywords: entomology; drosophila genetics; short neuropeptide F; short neuropeptide F receptir 1

Title: Construction, expression and immunogenicity research of LTB-SMS fusion protein

Authors: XIE Ruimin, LI Jun, YAO Xuemei, QI Xingzhu
PP: 1747-1751
Abstract: Heat-labile enterotoxin B (LTB) gene was first cloned from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), and somatostatin (SMS) gene was chemically synthesized. The recombinant of LTB and SMS was constructed, and fusion protein (LTB-SMS) was expressed in E.coli. The immunological characteristics of LTB-SMS purified and determined were studied in rabbits by subcutaneous and mucosal immunization. The results showed that the serum antibody titers of LTB-SMS reached high level, which indicated that LTB can effectively enhance the immunogenicity of SMS. This research laid a good foundation for the further development of somatostatin genetic engineering vaccine.
Keywords: bioengineering; E.coli heatlabileenterotoxin; somatostatin; fusion protein; immunogenicity

Title: Study on lipase immobilization of activated-freeze-drying chitosan microsphere

Authors: LIU Junteng, ZHAO Chenxi, CHEN Yang, REN Zhongqi, ZHANG Weidong
PP: 1742-1746
Abstract: In this paper, vacuum freeze-drying technology was used to prepare the chitosan microspheres, which had three-dimensional spatial network structure. The effects of vacuum freeze-drying on the morphology of microspheres and active sites were investigated. Candida lipase (Lipase EC3.1.1.3) were immobilized on the activated-lyophilized chitosan microspheres. The immobilization performance of these microspheres was studied and compared with direct-immobilization and activated-immobilization. The influence of activation process on the performance of immobilized lipase was also illustrated. The experimental results indicated that using activated-lyophilized chitosan microspheres as carrier to immobilize lipase is an optimal choice, since the activity of immobilized lipase was over 57.2 IU/g.
Keywords: biochemistry; immobilization; activated-freeze-drying; lipase; chitosan

Title: Two preparation methods of DNA marker Ⅲ for standard molecular weight reference

Authors: ZHANG Yulong, YI Yujiao, LIU Xiaojuan, HONG Binhu, JIANG Yun, WU Zujian, LI Weimin
PP: 1737-1741
Abstract: At present, a lot of commercially available DNA markers are made of enzyme digested plasmid or phage, this method needs higher cost in production. This paper presents two methods to produce DNA marker Ⅲ. One is PCR method to produce DNA marker Ⅲ directly, and the other is a combination of PCR method and endonuclease digestion method. Experimental results show that with lower cost, the DNA marker Ⅲ bands of these two methods are both clear and the sizes are perfectly matched. Using PCR method to produce DNA marker Ⅲ provides a larger yield and a lower cost, yet bands are more clearly when DNA marker Ⅲ is produced by the combination method.
Keywords: molecular biology; DNA marker; nucleic acid electrophoresis; PCR amplification; single endonuclease digestion

Title: Cellular localization and expression profiling of SOCS6 in silkworm, Bombyx mori

Authors: LIU Jiabin, CAO Guangli, XUE Renyu, HU Xiaolong, PENG Jingkun, GONG Chengliang
PP: 1730-1736
Abstract: Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) gene is a negative regulator gene of JAK/STAT signal pathway. In this study, the open reading frame (ORF) of silkworm BmSOCS6 was cloned. Sequence analysis showed that the ORF was 918 bp in size and encoded 305 amino acid residues, BmSOCS6 protein had a typical transmembrane region and a domain conserved in SH2 superfamily. The results of real-time PCR indicated that the abundance of BmSOCS6 mRNA in the testis was the highest, and was lower in the midgut, fat body, hemocyte and silk gland. The BmSOCS6 gene was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET28a(+), recombinant BmSOCS6 was expressed in Escherichia coli, the recombinant BmSOCS6 was used to immunize mice to generate anti-BmSOCS6 polyclonal antibody. Cellular localization showed BmSOCS6 mainly localized in the cytoplasm of BmN cells, immunofluorescence studies showed that BmSOCS6 were all expressed in germ cells.
Keywords: molecular biology; SOSC6 gene; expression profile; Bombyx mori; cellular localization; immunohistochemistry

Title: Regulation of telomere stability by knocking down of PinX1 in MCF-10A breast cell line

Authors: SHI Rong, ZHOU Hui, ZENG Wenli, CHEN Yaowu, MA Wenli
PP: 1723-1729
Abstract: Objective: To study the effect of PinX1 knocking down on the telomere stability and DNA damage in MCF-10A breast cell line. Methods: PinX1 shRNA was transfected into breast cell line MCF-10A. Puromycin selection was applied 48 h after transfection to acquire a stable PinX1 knocked-down cell line. Real-time PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescent dyeing were used for detecting the PinX1 expression level, MTT assay was applied for making the cell growth curve. Meanwhile, the cells were checked simultaneously by 53BP1 antibody immunofluorescent dyeing and telomere FISH dyeing. Results: Real-time PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescent dyeing results showed that PinX1 expression level in the stable PinX1 knock-down MCF-10A cell line was lower than the control cells. MTT assay indicated an enhanced proliferation activity of the PinX1 knocked-down cells. The results of immunofluorescent and FISH dyeing showed that 53BP1 congregated into several foci and co-localized with the telomere spots in the PinX1 knock-down cells. Conclusion: Knock-down of PinX1 could induce DNA damage and malignant transformation in MCF-10A cells by affecting the telomere stability and promote cell proliferation activity as well.
Keywords: molecular biology; telomere stability; gene knock-down; PinX1; DNA damage; MCF-10A cell

Title: Effect of cocultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the proliferation of rat hepatoma cells

Authors: GUO Qing, LI Xiaoming, SONG Guanbin
PP: 1716-1722
Abstract: Objective: To study the change of proliferation and correlated molecular mechanism of hepatoma cells under the condition of co-culture with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods: using a transwell system, we co-cultured rat hepatoma cells (CBRH-7919) with rat bone marrow-derived MSCs, and then examined the effect of MSCs on proliferation of CBRH-7919 cells. MTT assay was used to check the proliferation, RT-PCR and Western blotting technology were used to check the mRNA and protein changes. Results: The co-culture with MSCs and showed that a significant increase of proliferation of CBRH-7919 cells, and induced the expression of Wnt5a, β-catening enes and β-catenin protein. Conclusion: MSCs could The results demonstrated that MSCs could promote CBRH-7919 cells proliferation, through Wnt5a/β-catenin pathways.
Keywords: cell biology; mesenchymal stem cells; hepatoma cells; co-culture; proliferation; molecular mechanism

Title: Analysis of culturable bacterial community composition from Arctic seawater

Authors: RAO Meng, YANG Jifang, CHEN Jigang
PP: 1709-1715
Abstract: Seawater from B80-3.5 km, B79-100 m, C19-42 m three stations of Arctic ocean was brought by the Arctic expedition team conductivity temperature depth (CTD), bacteria were cultivated in the dialysis room continuously. 16S rDNA gene library was used to analyze the bacterial community diversity. The results indicated that the bacterial community diversity was high. The culturable bacteria of B80-3.5 km station could be divided into four groups: Alphaproteobacteria 66.66%, Gammaproteobacteria 21.21%, Cytophagia 4.04%, uncultured 8.08%. The culturable bacteria of B79-100 m station could be divided into four groups: Alphaproteobacteria 83.64%, Gammaproteobacteria 10.20%, Cytophagia 3.06%, uncultured 3.06%. The culturable bacteria of C19-42 m station could be divided into four groups: Alphaproteobacteria 69.69%, Gammaproteobacteria 12.12%, Cytophagia 5.05%, uncultured 13.13%.
Keywords: marine microorganism; Arctic seawater; dialysis room enrichment culture; 16S rDNA library; marine bacterial diversity

Title: Study on fermentative production of adenosine by Bacillus subtilis using response surface methodology

Authors: WANG Shifeng, HE Jian, GAO Jun, ZHENG Tao, CHEN Yilu, YONG Xiaoyu
PP: 1701-1708
Abstract: To improve adenosine production in Bacillus subtilis M3-3, response surface methodology was conducted on optimization of shake flask fermentation conditions. The results showed that the highest adenosine yield arrived at 14.39 g/L when the fermentation temperature was 34℃, rotate speed was 210 r/min and fermentation time was 69.9 h, respectively. RT-PCR was applied to determine the relative differences of gene-expression in adenosine biosynthesis pathway. It was found that down-regulation of guaB, up-regulation of purA and purB would make the metabolic flux flow to the direction of adenosine accumulation, which resulted in increase of adenosine production.
Keywords: microbiology; fermentative optimization; adenosine; response surface methodology; RT-PCR

Title: Recent advances in studying cell wall proteins ofnematophagous fungi

Authors: LIANG Lianming, ZHANG Keqin
PP: 1696-1700
Abstract: Nematophagous fungi are natural enemies of nematodes and important biocontrol resources. Understanding the molecular mechanisms on fungal infection against nematodes is crucial for theory and practice. During infection of nematodes, the nematophagous fungi can form special structure of vegetative hyphae, called trap. The traps are very different from vegetative hyphae. The cell wall proteins like adhesins on traps play key roles. This paper reviews the history and advances in studying cell wall proteins of nematophagous fungi.
Keywords: microbiology; nematophagous fungi; review; proteomics; cell wall protein

Title: Usage of gene microarray

Authors: GAO Xing, WU Dianyun, JI Jing
PP: 1687-1695
Abstract: Gene microarray, developed following the implementation of human genome project (HGP), is one of the advanced biotechnology in the field of life sciences. In this paper, the development process, concept, principle, classification and technical process of gene microarray and its usage in different fields of bioresearch are summarized, its shortcomings and prospect are also discussed.
Keywords: molecular biology; biochemistry; review; gene microarray; usage; prospect

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