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December 15,2013
Volume 6,Issue 23
Pages -
Subject Area:Chemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Biomedical Engineering

Title: A randomized controlled experiment of soothing liver and regulating mind acupuncture

Authors: GENG Guoyan, WANG Peng, ZHANG Jiajia, WANG Pengwen, REN Ying, ZHAO Jiping
PP: 2291-2297
Abstract: Objective: To explore whether the method of soothing liver and regulating mind acupuncture is scientific and to explore the mechanism and targets of acupuncture treatment on allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: 40 guinea pigs (20 males, 20 females) were randomly divided into 5 groups, which were blank group (1), model group (2), western medicine group (3), regular group (4), and soothing liver group (5). Each group included 8 guinea pigs (4 males, 4 females). Group 2-5 copied the AR model by ovalbumin (OVA). Interventions was carried after the 10th intranasal sensitization: blank group and model group were not intervened; western medicine group were sprayed budesonide sprays, each nostril sprayed 64 μg; regular group were acupunctured bilateral Yingxiang (LI20) and Feishu (BL13); soothing liver group were acupunctured bilateral Yingxiang (LI20), Feishu (BL13), Ganshu (BL18) and Taichong (LR3). Yingxiang (LI20), Feishu (BL13) and Ganshu (BL18) were without keeping the needles, the needle were kept for 20 minutes in others. Interventions for group 3-5 were performed once a day for 15 times. On the day of the 15th intervention, narcosis was used on the guinea pigs using 10% (v:v) chloral hydrate. Then blood from abdominal aorta was taken for the test of serum P (SP) (ELISA). And the mucous membranes of the nasal septum were taken for nasal eosinophils (EOS) counts. Results: Western medicine, regular acupuncture and soothing liver acupuncture therapy effectively decreased symptom score and inhibited the releasing of SP, and the difference between them was not significant (P>0.05). For decreasing nasal EOS cell infiltration, the soothing liver acupuncture therapy was better than western medicine and regular acupuncture therapy (P<0.05). Conclusion: Soothing liver and regulating mind acupuncture therapy may reduce EOS infiltration and inhibit the releasing of SP and decrease the symptoms of AR.
Keywords: science of acupuncture and moxibustion; acupuncture; regulating mind; allergic rhinitis

Title: Effect of moxa smoke on ChAT and AChE activity of SAMP8 mouse

Authors: XU Huanfang, CUI Yingxue, LIU Ping, HAN Li, ZHAO Baixiao
PP: 2287-2290
Abstract: Objective: To study the effect of moxa smoke on brain choline acetylcholinesterase (ChAT) and cholinesterase (AChE) activity of senescence accelerated-prone mouse 8 (SAMP8) mouse. Methods: 40 SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into 3 intervention groups (i.e. low concentration group, middle concentration group, high concentration group) and one model group with 10 cases in each group. 10 age-matched SAMR1 mice were used as normal group. Mice in 3 intervention groups were exposed to moxa smoke of different concentration for 30 min each time, and fumigation was done 6 times a week for 4 weeks. Mice in model group and normal group were not exposed to moxa smoke. The content of brain ChAT and AChE activity were tested by colorimetric method. Results: Compared with normal group, model group showed a marked decrease on activity of ChAT (P<0.01) and a remarkable increase on activity of AChE (P<0.01). Compared with model group, activity of ChAT was significantly higher in low and middle concentration group than in model group. There were no difference between high concentration group and model group on activities of ChAT and AChE. 3 intervention groups showed no significant difference on activities of ChAT and AChE either. Conclusion: Moxa smoke can exert anti-aging effect through metabolic adjustment of acetylcholine (ACh), and its optimum condition should be low concentration and middle concentration.
Keywords: science of acupuncture and moxibustion; moxa smoke; concentration; choline acetyltransferase; cholinesterase; anti-aging

Title: Screening study on hypoglycemic active site of pearl Speranskia tuberculata

Authors: ZHANG Linlin, ZHANG Hui, SUN Jiaming
PP: 2283-2286
Abstract: Objective: Screening the hypoglycemic effective parts of Speranskia tuberculata. Methods: The ethanol extract of S.tuberculata was extracted successively by chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, and the different extraction sites were obtained. Then, we used α-glucosidase enzyme and α-amylase inhibitory activity model in vitro to test the inhibitory activity of each extraction site of S.tuberculata on α-glucosidase enzyme and α-amylase, and screened and determined the hypoglycemic effective parts of S.tuberculata. Results: The α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of S.tuberculata chloroform parts was obviously stronger than other polar parts, and its inhibitory effect was closed to the acarbose. While the α-amylase inhibition effect of every extraction site was significantly weaker than that of acarbose. Conclusion: The chloroform extraction part is the hypoglycemic effective parts of the S.tuberculata.
Keywords: traditional Chinese medicine chemistry; Speranskia tuberculata; α-glucosidase; α-amylase; inhibition in vitro; effective fraction

Title: Chemical composition from antivirus active parts of Radix Isatidis

Authors: HE Liwei, YANG Jingyan, LI Xiang, LI Wei
PP: 2275-2282
Abstract: Objective: To research the the structure and chemical composition of antiviral effective activity part of Radix Isatidis. Methods: The aqueous extract of Radix Isatidis was absorbed by macroporous resin, the effective antiviral parts were obtained through 10%, 50% ethanol, and the purified monomer was obtained by silica gel column chromatography, reversed phase chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 repeatedly separation. Then their physico-chemical constants and spectral data were evaluated and their chemical structures were identified. The inhibitory effect on herpes simplex virus (HSV) of resulting compounds were detected by methyl-thiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay in vitro. Results: Ten compounds were isolated from the active part of water extract, they were respectively identified as syringin (1), 4-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), isolariciresino (3), isolariciresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), lariciresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), lariciresinol-4,4′-bis-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzenedi carboxylic acid (7), D-mannitol (8), Indole-3-acetonitrile6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), 3-［2′-(5′-hydroxymethyl)furyl］-1(2H)-isoquinoline-7-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (10). Conclusion: One of these compounds was a new compound, and four were isolated from Radix Isatidis at the first time. The new compound 10 had obvious effects against HSV-2. When the drug concentration was 0.125 g/L, the viral suppression was 57.31%, 50% concentration of inhibition (IC50) was 0.093 g/L, and therapeutic index (TI) was 7.114.
Keywords: traditional Chinese medicine chemistry; Radix Isatidis; new compound; isolation; antivirus

Title: Influence of effective components on activities of cholinesterase and levelof β-amyloid protein in serum of rats with dementia induced by D-galactose

Authors: LI Xiaoli, LIU Xiaomei, ZHAO Ruizhen, TIAN Qing
PP: 2270-2274
Abstract: Objective: To study the effects of 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-D-glylcoside（TSG）on learning and memory abilities, activities of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in hippocampus and content of β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42) in serum of rats mice with dementia induced by D-galactose. Methods: 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=10), 1) normal control group; 2) model group (D-galactose dementia rats); 3) model+positive control drug groupfor ［HCl donepezil donepezil 0.9 mg/(kg·d)］; 4) model+TSG small dose group ［0.05 g/(kg·d)］; 5) model+TSG middle dose group ［0.10 g/(kg·d)］; 6) model+TSG big dose group ［0.20 g/(kg·d)］. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rat models were made by injecting subcutaneously D-galactose at a dosage at 300 mg/kg for 6 weeks, control group were injected with saline. Drugs were simultaneously administered orally once daily for 12 weeks. At the end of treatment, the Morris water maze, passive avoidance test for memory were taken, and activities of ChAT and AChE in hippocampus, content of Aβ1-42 were determined with radioimmunoassay. Results: In Morris memory test, model rats showed a significant learning and memory obstacles in swimming cross the platform (P<0.05). In passive avoidance test, incubation period of model rats walked into the black box were shortened (P<0.01), times of electric shocks increased significantly in 5 min (P<0.05), activity of AChE in hippocampus increased(P<0.01), while the activity of ChAT decreased (P<0.01), and level of Aβ1-42 in serum increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, times of TSG group swam across the platform significantly increased (P<0.05), passive avoidance latency decreased (P<0.05), the number of electric shocks reduced. Activity of AChE in hippocampus decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the activity of ChAT increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), level of Aβ1-42 in serum decreased (P<0.01). Effects of TSG at moderate doses was more significant. Conclusion: TSG can significantly improve learning and memory in rats with dementia, inhibit the degradation of acetylcholine and promote its synthesis, and can reduce or inhibit overproduction of Aβ.
Keywords: pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine; dementia; 2,3,5,4- tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-D-glylcoside; choline acetyl transferase; acetylcholinesterase; β-amyloid protein

Title: Effect of Bugan decorction on expression of Egr-1 and GRP of the amygdala in rats with post-earthquake panic disorder

Authors: XU Shijun, DAI Yuan
PP: 2265-2269
Abstract: Objective: To analyze the effect of the Bugan decorction on post-earthquake panic disorder (PEPD), and explore the mechanism of this effect on express of early growth response gene 1 (Egr-1) and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) in amygdala with panic disorder. Methods: The post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rat model was made by single prolonged stress (SPS), and the rats were killed after the treatment with Bugan decorction for 7 days. Then, the scared central amygdale sample was made in the sterile condition, the real-time PCR was used to determine the expression of the amygdala Egr-1 and GRP in the rats’ amygdaloid nuclear. Results: Compared to the blank control group, the expression of Egr-1 and GRP increased significantly (P<0.05). However, compared with the model group, the treatment of high and medium Bugan decorction decreased the expression of Egr-1 and GRP increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Bugan decorction can be used to resist the panic disorder by increasing the synthesis of the central amygdaloid brain nuclear Egr-1 and GRP.
Keywords: pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine; Bugan decorction; panic disorder; earlygrowth response gene 1; astrin-releasing peptide gene

Title: Effects of Xinjialiangfu formula and 5-Fu combination on survivin and caspase-3 expression of gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice

Authors: SONG Yanping, XU Jing, ZHAO Lintao, WU Xiaoyong, WANG Jing, HOU Li
PP: 2259-2264
Abstract: Objective: To observe the effect of Xinjialiangfu (XJLF) formula on human gastric cancer (SGC-7901) tumor growth in nude mice and its impact on survivin and caspase-3 expression in tumor tissue. Methods：The animal model of SGC-7901 xenografted nude mice was established, and all the mice were randomly divided into 6 groups namely model control group, 5-Fu group, XJLF formula high-dose group, XJLF formula medium-dose group, XJLF formula low-dose group and drug combination group (XJLF formula medium-dose and 5-Fu). After 10 d of continuous treatment, tumor inhibition rate was calculated and the expression of survivin and caspase-3 was detected by immunohistochemistry techniques. Results: The tumor inhibition rate of drug combination group was 60.28%, which was significantly increased compared to the model control group (P<0.05), 5-Fu group (P<0.05) and XJLF high-dose group (P<0.05), respectively. Meanwhile, the caspase-3 expression was significantly up-regulated and the survivin expression was significantly down-regulated in drug combination group, compared to the model control group (P<0.05，P<0.01), 5-Fu group (P<0.05，P<0.05) and XJLF formula high-dose group (P<0.05，P<0.05), respectively. Conclusion: The tumor inhibition rate of drug combination group is higher than XJLF formula high-dose group and 5-Fu group. Also combination group has stronger effect compared to model control group in terms of own-regulation of caspase-3 expression and up-regulation of survivin expression, which indicates a benefit of XJLF and 5-Fu combination treatment.
Keywords: science of Chinese pharmacology; Xinjialiangfu formula and 5-Fu combination; human gastric cancer (SGC-7901); survivin; caspase-3

Title: Experimental study on the control effect of Ligustri lucidi fructus on alcoholic fatty liver disease of mice

Authors: YANG Nianyun, GUO Jianming, QIAN Dawei
PP: 2254-2258
Abstract: Objective: To copy the mice model of alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) and observe the effect of Ligustri lucidi fructus on this animal model. Methods: Mice were exposed to absolute alcohol continuously for up to 30 d via an intragastric feeding and Ligustri lucidi fructus was meanwhile intervened, while the mice in control group were fed normal diet. At the end of experiments, all the mice were sacrificed to analyze malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and triglyceride (TG) levels in hepatic tissues with the treatments of 150, 300, 600 mg/kg Ligustri lucidi fructus intragastric feeding. Pathological changes of hepatic tissues were also observed under microscope. Results: Compared to AFL model mice, liver MDA (P＜0.05) and TG levels (P＜0.05) exhibited an obvious reduction in Ligustri lucidi fructus intervened AFL mice, liver GSH levels exhibited an significantly increase in Ligustri lucidi fructus intervened AFL mice (P<0.01). Conclusion: Ligustri lucidi fructus has a significant preventive effect on AFL in mice, which can alleviate fat deposition and improve lipid disorder.
Keywords: science of Chinese pharmacology; Ligustri lucidi fructus; alcoholic fatty liver; control effect

Title: Influence of PESV on p53, ras expression in chronic myelocytic leukemia mice

Authors: HAO Zheng, YANG Wenhua
PP: 2249-2253
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of peptide extracts from scorpion venom (PESV) on the expression of p53, ras in chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML)-NOD/SCID mice. Methods: Firstly, K562 cells were injected into NOD/SCID mice irradiated by Cs-137 and the CML-NOD/SCID mode of mice were established. Then, the mice were randomly divided into different groups and the expression level of p53 and ras proteins in serum was checked by ELISA. Results: PESV could increase the expression level of p53 and inhibit the overexpression of ras, and the inhibitory effect was related to PESV concentration.Conclusion: PESV can inhibit CML progress through affecting the expression of p53 and ras in CML cells.
Keywords: internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine; peptide extracts from scorpion venom; chronic myelocytic leukemia; p53; ras

Title: Effect of Zuogui pill on the expression of ATF4 and BGP in blood serum of the osteoporosis rats

Authors: SHANG Deyang, ZHENG Hongxin, DENG Yangyang, SUN Xin, GAO Lu, LIN Shuru
PP: 2246-2248
Abstract: Objective: To explore the etiological factors and pathologh of the osteoporosis due to kidney deficiency through studying the the effect of Zuogui pill on the expression of activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) and bone gla protein (BGP) in blood serum of the osteoporosis rats. Methods: By using ovariectomy, we established the rat model of osteoporosis due to kidney deficiency. We treated the osteoporosis rat with Zuogui pills for 12 weeks. Simultaneously，the treatment with Gaitianli tablets as positive control groups. And rats in the normal group and model group were not given any treatment. We used the ELISA method to investigate the expression of the ATF4 and BGP in blood serum of the rats. Results: ELISA detection showed that the ATF4 and BGP existed in the normal blood serum. When comparing with the normal group and fake operational group，the level of the expression of the ATF4 and BGP in blood serum of model group decreased significantly. After the precaution treatment with Zuogui pills, the expression level of the ATF4 and BGP increased evidently in blood serum. Conclusions: 1) In normal rats, the blood serum can express the ATF4 and BGP in the protein level. 2) The changing of ATF4 and BGP protein expression in the blood serum may be one of the important occurring mechanism of the osteoporosis due to kidney deficiency. 3) The experimental Chinese herbs, which have the function of tonifying kidney, can increase the level of the expression of the protein of ATF4 and BGP in blood serum. This would prevent the osteoporosis resulted from kidney deficiency.
Keywords: traditional Chinese medicine; kidney deficiency; osteoporosis; activating transcription factor-4; bone gla protein

Title: Research on visual fatigue detection based on wavelet entropy

Authors: WANG Jing, HAN Chengcheng, XU Guanghua
PP: 2241-2245
Abstract: It is rather difficult to detect visual fatigue in brain computer interface (BCI) experiments. In this paper, we proposed a quantitative fatigue detection algorithm based on wavelet entropy. Firstly, combining with the features of electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythm, wavelet package decomposition was used to extract α rhythm which was sensitive to fatigue. Then, wavelet entropy with multi-scale was employed to analyze α rhythm to quantitatively detect visual fatigue. The results showed that after BCI experiments, the wavelet entropy of subject’s EEG decreased dramatically. This indicated that wavelet entropy of α rhythm was more sensitive to human being’s fatigue and could reflect the complextiy of EEG. Furthermore, the computational load of wavelet entropy was fairly low and it was a promising indicator in fatigue detection.
Keywords: other subjects of basic medicine; brain computer interface; visual fatigue; wavelet package decomposition; wavelet entropy

Title: Protein phosphorylation in regulation of oocyte maturation

Authors: XIAO Zhengrui, ZHANG Chao, ZHOU Tao, HUO Ran, ZHOU Zuomin, GUO Xuejiang
PP: 2235-2240
Abstract: Objective: To identify quantitatively the changed proteins which were modified with phosphorylation during oocyte maturation, and study the regulatory role of protein phosphorylation during oocyte maturation. Methods: By using gel electrophoresis image analysis software, the changed proteins with phosphorylation during oocyte maturation were identified from maps of differentially expressed proteins and phosphorylated proteins in MII oocyte. Furthermore, the bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the function and regulatory network of these proteins. Results: A total of 9 proteins were identified as phosphorylation changed proteins during oocyte maturation, most of them had catalytic activity and evolved in a complex regulatory network. Conclusion: This study reveals that protein phosphorylation change may play a role in the regulatory of oocyte maturation and early embryonic development, which provides a foundation for further research the mechanism of oocyte maturation and function.
Keywords: other subjects of basic medicine; proteomics; phosphorylation; oocyte

Title: Resveratrol inhibits angiotensinⅡ-induced cardiac hypertrophy via the ERK1/2-CREB signaling pathway

Authors: HUANG Yongpan, SHI Ganggang
PP: 2230-2234
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of resveratrol (Resv) on angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) induced cardiac hypertrophy in H9C2 cell and elucidate the extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2)-cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway mechanism of cardiac hypertrophy. Methods: AngⅡ was administered to establish the cardiacmyocytes hypertrophy model of H9C2 cells. The cell surface area of H9C2 cells was measured by Image Pro Plus 6.1 software. The total protein content of H9C2 cells was detected by bicinchonini acid (BCA) method. The protein expressionof ERK1/2, phosphated extracellular regulated protein kinases1/2 (p-ERK1/2), CREB and phosphated cAMP-response element binding protein (p-CREB) were detected by Western blotting. Results: Compared with the control group, cell surface area was increased significantly and the total protein content increased 46% (P<0.01) in AngⅡ group. Resv (0.01 μmol/L+AngⅡ, 0.1 μmol/L+AngⅡ, 1 μmol/L+AngⅡ) groups of total protein content decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. AngⅡ stimulated the expression of ERK1/2 and CREB protein. Resv could inhibit the of p-ERK1/2and p-CREB protein induced by AngⅡ in H9C2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: Resv inhibited AngⅡ-mediated cardiac hypertrophy, the mechanism may be through inhibiting the cell surface area increase, the cell protein content increase and interferring the ERK1/2-CREB signaling pathway.
Keywords: pharmacology; resveratrol; angiotensin Ⅱ; cardiac hypertrophy

Title: TRIB1 gene variant rs17321515 with coronary heart disease

Authors: XU Limin, WANG Chunming, HUANG Yi, JIANG Danjie, DUAN Shiwei
PP: 2223-2229
Abstract: Objective: We aimed to evaluate the correlation of TRIB1 gene polymorphism rs17321515 with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Han populations of Ningbo city, east of China. Methods: We collected peripheral blood samples and clinical characteristics from 290 CHD cases, 198 non-CHD controls, and 331 healthy controls. Then genomic DNA extracting and genotyping of rs17321515 were performed. Results: There was no significant difference with the distribution of genotype or allele of rs17321515 between CHD cases and non-CHD controls or CHD cases and healthy controls. With the same genotype, no difference was found between CHD cases and non-CHD controls in lipid levels. However, in CHD group, patients carried AA genotype had a lower triglyceride (TG) level (1.76 .04) than patients carried AG genotype (2.09 .07) (P<0.05). And its low density lipoprotein (LDL) level (2.52 .48) was higher than AG genotype carriers (2.14 .08) (P<0.05). While in non-CHD control group, AA carriers (2.22 .14), AG carriers (2.03 .09) had a higher TG value than the GG carriers (1.68 .03) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present case-control study indicated that TRIB1 gene polymorphism rs17321515 has no significant association with CHD risk. The patients carried AA genotype had a lower TG level and a higher LDL level, while non-CHD controls carried A allele had a higher TG level.
Keywords: medical genetics; coronary heart disease; TRIB1; rs17321515

Title: Structural and functional brain networks

Authors: LIU Ying, ZHAO Hui, TAO Yunwen, ZHANG Xiaoxu, WANG Xianlong
PP: 2216-2222
Abstract: Brain structural and functional connectivity networks are highly complex with some unique properties, such as small-world property. In this paper, recent progress and construction methods were reviewed in the construction of brain structural and functional connectivity network, and the complex relationship between structural and functional networks was further discussed. Then applications in brain diseases investigation were introduced, for providing a new view to diagnosis and treat diseases related to brain. At last, an outlook of brain network on research topics was given.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; brain structural network; review; brain functional network; brain connectivity; brain disease

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