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ISSN 1674-2850
CN 11-9150/N5
 
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October 15,2013
Volume 6,Issue 19
Pages -
Subject Area:Basic Subject of Food Science and Technology,Food Inspection,Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding,Forestry Engineering,Farmland Water Conservancy,Agricultural Mechanization,Crop Genetics
 
Title: Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Tussilago farfara L. flower bud extracts
Authors: ZHANG Yan, WANG Jie, ZHANG Jun, HUANG Yina, GAO Hong
PP: 1893-1900
Abstract: This study was performed to investigate antioxidant of the phenols in crude extract of Tussilago farfara (CET) and α-glucocidase inhibitory activities using Caco-2 cell model. The total phenols and flavonoids contents were (116±0.82) mg gallic acid equivalent/g CET and (181±3.89) mg rutin equivalent/g CET, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, 3,4-dicafeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicafeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicafeoylquinic acid and rutin were detected as the main active compounds of CET by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. CET exhibited a potent scavenging effect on 2,2’-azino-bio (3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) free radical (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH) with EC50 values of (1.254±0.091) g/L and (0.055±0.016) g/L, respectively. CET exhibited a protecting effect on Caco-2 cells when treating with H2O2. This extract showed an inhibitory effect against the maltase enzyme with (56.84±1.03)% inhibition on apical (AP) side and (51.68±1.39)% inhibition on basal (BL) side of Caco-2 monolayer at a concentration of 2.5 g/L. These results suggested that T.farfara could be used as a potential antidiabetic and antioxidation material in food industry.
Keywords: basic subject of food science and technology; Tussilago farfara L.; antioxidant; diabetic; α-glucosidase; Caco-2 cell
 
Title: Optimization of sugarcane wax extraction from sugarcane rind by response surface methodology
Authors: FENG Simin, LUO Zisheng, ZHANG Yanbing, ZHONG Zhou
PP: 1886-1892
Abstract: This study took sugarcane rind as the raw material and used two-step method to extract sugarcane wax. The experiment was designed to get the optimum technological extraction conditions of sugarcane wax from sugarcane skin by response surface methodology (RSM). The ratio of solvent, solid-liquid ratio and extraction time were selected as causal factors and yield of sugarcane wax was used as responsive values. Based on the single factor experiments, a three-factor-three-level experiment design was developed by Box-Benhnken central composite design method. The results demonstrated that the optimum conditions for extracting sugarcane wax from sugarcane rind were as the following: ratio of solvent was 49.96%, solid-liquid ratio was 7.07 mL/g and extracting time is 2.14 h. The practical sugarcane wax extraction rate was 7.07%, which was well matched with the predicted value by 99.02%.
Keywords: basic subject of food science and technology; sugarcane rind; sugarcane wax; response surface methodology
 
Title: Effect of edible coating on the lipid oxidation and color of dry-cured bacon during processing
Authors: HE Lichao, JIN Guofeng
PP: 1881-1885
Abstract: Based on the severe moisture loss and lipid oxidation in bacon during drying-ripening, chitosan and sodium alginate edible coatings were separately used after the curing of bacon in order to reduce the moisture loss and lipid oxidation of bacon during drying-ripening period. The moisture keeping and antioxidant efficiencies of two different coatings were also compared. The results showed that coating the bacon with edible chitosan and sodium alginate after curing could significantly reduce the moisture loss and lipid oxidation of bacon during drying-ripening period; the moisture keeping efficiency of chitosan coating was better than sodium alginate coating, but their antioxidant effect was not significantly different.
Keywords: basic subject of food science and technology; dry-cured bacon; chitosan; sodium alginate; lipid oxidation; moisture
 
Title: Preliminary study on Acinetobacter sp. P5 for zearelenone biodegradation
Authors: TANG Yuqian, ZHONG Feng, CHEN Yi, YAN Runan, JIAO Ming, WU Hui
PP: 1876-1880
Abstract: This research identified an Acinetobacter sp. P5 which could degradate zearalenone (ZEA) and found that 98% of ZEA could be degradated after fementating for 72 h. Based on the preliminary exploration of medium components, it was found that it was beneficial for this strain to degrade ZEA thoroughly and efficiently by the application of sodium acetate and ammonium nitrate as the inorganic carbon source and the nitrogen source of the medium, and this degradation did not generate secondary mycotoxic metobolite such as α-zearalenol (ZOL).
Keywords: food inspection; zearalenone; effective degradation; Acinetobacter; high performance liquid chromatography
 
Title: Cloning and expression analysis of phospholipase PtoPLC4 gene in Populus tomentosa
Authors: ZHANG Jiewei, ZHU Dan, ZHANG Zhongbao, CHEN Yajuan, WEI Jianhua
PP: 1869-1875
Abstract: Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) is a critical enzyme in the phospholipid signaling pathway. The full length PtoPLC4 gene (GeneBank No. JX861370) was cloned from Populus tomentosa seedlings cDNA.Sequencing results revealed that the cDNA length was 1 686 bp encoding 561 amino acids. The mature protein with the predicted molecular weight of 64 ku and the isoelectric point of 6.28. The sequence analysis indicated that the polypeptide contained EF-hand, X, Y and C2 domains. The overall structure of putative PtoPLC4 protein was similar to other plant PI-PLCs. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) showed the PtoPLC4 expression level was different in different tissues. The expression level from high to low was the following order: leaves, stems and roots. The results also indicated that the transcribe of PtoPLC4 was mainly affected by NaCl and drought, while it only responded to ABA and low temperature lightly in P.tomentosa. These results suggested that PtoPLC4 gene could be taken for target gene in cultivating new clones for salt and drought resisting.
Keywords: tree genetics and breeding; Populus tomentosa; PtoPLC4; gene cloning; salt stress; drought stress
 
Title: Research advances and developing prospect of poplar/black locust composite structure
Authors: ZHU Yixin, YAN Wei
PP: 1860-1868
Abstract: In this paper, the research and development of poplar and black locust in solid wood products are reviewed. The conception of poplar/black locust composite structure is introduced, which is put forward under the enlightenment of innovation and application of the bamboo/wood composite structure theory, i.e. it is a composite structure made from poplar and black locust plate (or small square) by mutual bonding through scientific and reasonable design, and it is combined the features of poplar with black locust. This structure develops its advantages and avoid disadvantages. Furthermore, the research progress and main achievements are reported. Finally, the development and utilization prospect of poplar/black locust composite structure is forecasted, which can promote enthusiasm of mixed forest in the construction of the fast-growing and drive the development of related industries, indicating a wide development prospect.
Keywords: forestry engineering; poplar; review; black locust; composite structure
 
Title: Research of surface fertigation system
Authors: LIU Yuchun, JIANG Hongan, XIA Hui
PP: 1855-1859
Abstract: Surface irrigation is still the main irrigation technology application for field crop, however, the fertigation system of sprinkling or drip irrigation system has the defect of high energy consumption, high investment and high water quality requirements. In this paper, based on the above actuality, a surface fertigation system was put forward in crop irrigation. The surface fertigation system was composed of 4 parts: intake pipe, fertilizer applicator, water delivery pipe and surface irrigation watering device. In which, the fertilizer applicator was a kind of pressureless fertilizer applicator suitable for surface irrigation. The surface irrigation watering device was a kind of distributive hose with several water outlets in a fixed spacing, which was linked with water delivery pipe and was used to distribute water to furrow field or irrigation ditch. The surface fertigation system can realize irrigation and fertilization simultaneously, has the advantage of low carbon and high irrigation efficiency, and facilitates with agricultural mechanization. Therefore, the surface fertigation system is worth extensive application in field crop production.
Keywords: farmland water conservancy; surface fertigation system; water device; fertilizer applicator
 
Title: Image color value extraction of Hetao melon based on Matlab
Authors: LIU Chao, TIAN Haiqing, ZHANG Dehu
PP: 1849-1854
Abstract: This research first got the images of Hetao melon (Jinhongbao) captured by the high definition digital camera Canon EOS 7D. Subsequently, the images were treated with the morphology denoising, threshold segmentation and image tag by the Matlab programming. Then the color values of the melon were extracted from the color spaces respectively in RGB, HIS and L*a*b*, and an extraction method of the color based on Matlab was proposed at the same time. The experiment results showed that this method could collect the color information of the Hetao melon (Jinhongbao) fast and efficiently, which could set a solid foundation for the stage treatment of fruit. Besides, it gave some key codes that could be used in other similar
Keywords: agricultural mechanization; Hetao melon; Matlab; color value; quality inspection
 
Title: Comparison and analysis of calculation methods of fractal dimension on soil surface
Authors: LU Zhixiong, JIANG Chunxia, LIU Yiguan, GAO Qiang, WU Jungan, JIN Wenxin
PP: 1840-1848
Abstract: The principle and characteristics of different methods including variate-difference method, power spectral density method, the structure function method, the mean square root method and the R/S method were analyzed, and the accuracy of different methods was comparied based on Weierstrass-Mandelbrot function. Furthermore, the fractal dimension, non-scale range and correlation coefficient on the surface after sowed, surface after ploughed and surface after soil preparation were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that although the undulation of surface after ploughed was not large, the fractal dimension was smaller and the surface was not complex. Power spectral density method and the R/S method did not adapt to the calculation for the soft soil. While the fractal dimension of the mean square root method was more accuracy for the soft soil, and the correlation coefficient of linear regression was larger, the non-scale range was steadier.
Keywords: agricultural mechanization; mean square root method; fractal; Weierstrass-Mandelbrot function; non-scale range
 
Title: Cloning and expression analysis of PSY gene from Cerasus humilis (Bge) Sok
Authors: ZHANG Jiancheng, WANG Pengfei, LIU He, XUE Xiaofang, MU Xiaopeng, DU Junjie
PP: 1830-1839
Abstract: Based on the conserved amino acid sequences of phytoene synthase (PSY) from known plant in GenBank, the PCR primers were designed to amplify cDNA fragments from the fruit of Cerasus humilis (Bge) Sok by reverse transcribed-PCR (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), a PSY gene named ChPSY was cloned. Sequence analysis indicated that the cDNA full-length was 1 559 bp, which contained an open reading frame of 1 194 bp and encoded a protein of 397 amino acid residues. The ChPSY protein showed 90.4% homology to the PSY from strawberry, and also 65.7%-72.5% homology to the PSYs from other plants, such as pepper, Arabidopsis thaliana, melo, papaya, maize and rice. The semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that expression of ChPSY could be detected in different tissues of C. humilis. The expression level from high to low in the following order: flower> deep-red fruits> reddish-orange fruits>white fruis>green fruits>old leaf>new leaves. The heterogenous expression in Escherichia coli system confirmed that ChPSY could encode a functional phytoene synthase which could catalyze a condensation of two molecular of geranylgeranylpyrophosphate (GGPP) to form phytoene in an engineering E. coli.
Keywords: pomology; Cerasus humilis(Bge)Sok; phytoene synthase; cDNA cloning; expression analysis
 
Title: Construction and evaluation of yeast two-hybrid cDNA library of precocious trifoliate orange
Authors: SUN Leiming, ZHANG Jinzhi, HU Chungen
PP: 1824-1829
Abstract: To explore the molecular mechanism and interaction among the proteins of flowering in precocious trifoliate orange, switching mechanism at 5 end of the RNA transcript (SMART) technique was used to construct the cDNA library. The total RNA was isolated form special tissues and mRNA was purified. We used mRNA as template and synthesized the first strand cDNA, then we obtained double strand cDNA by using long distance-polymerase chain reaction (LD-PCR) amplification. The yeast two-hybrid library of precocious trifoliate orange was constructed in yeast AH109 by homologous reorganization method. The results showed that the library contained 1.61 06 independent clone/library, and had a titer of 1.84 08 pfu/mL. Furthermore, the quality and polymorphism of the library was good, which privided a foudation for screening the interaction proteins related to flowering and their interaction research.
Keywords: pomology; precocious trifoliate orange; yeast two-hybridization; library; construction
 
Title: Influence of root-zone temperature on the microstructures of greenhouse tomato root under high temperature
Authors: HAN Yaping, LI Yaling, SONG Minli
PP: 1820-1823
Abstract: High temperature in summer is a main limit factor for greenhouse tomato production. This experiment tried to reduce the root-zone temperature in order to relieve the harm of high temperature. Adopting deep flowing technique (DFT) method, the natural root-zone temperature of (28±1)℃ was taken as control, and the root-zone temperature of (23±1)℃ and (33±1)℃ were respectively realized as two treatments. The root microstructure was observed and measured by the method of paraffin section. Compared with the natural root-zone temperature of (28±1)℃, the diameter of root vessel was increased about 12.22%, and its density was reduced about 20% with the treatment of lower root-zone temperature of (23±1)℃. On the opposite, in the treatment of (33±1)℃ root-zone temperature, the diameter of root vessel was decreased about 17.44%, and its density was increased 30%. The total area of vessel had no significant difference among the three treatments. Therefore, lower root-zone temperature of 23℃ could enhance the uptake and transport ability of the roots, and was conducive to plant growth, effectively for relieving heat harm in summer, which provided the new technology of the over-summer cultivation for production.
Keywords: vegetables; greenhouse tomato; root-zone temperature; high temperature; paraffin section; root microstructure
 
Title: Construction of a genetic map of Brassica rapa based on SSR and UGMS marker
Authors: WANG Zhe, HAN Xinli, PIAO Zhongyun
PP: 1814-1819
Abstract: Taking the model plant material of the multinational Brassica genome project (MBGP) “Chiifu” as donor parent and and an inbred line “sijiucaixin” as recurrent parent, a genetic map with with a total genome coverage of 1 159.9 cM and 10 linkage groups was constructed using simple sequence repeats (SSR) and unigene microsatelite sequence (UGMS), together with BC1 mapping population. This map was consisted of 251 polymorphic markers, including 120 UGMS and 131 public SSR markers. The average distance between adjacent loci was 4.62 cM. The number of markers on each linkage group was ranged from 15 to 37, and the length of linkage group from 79.3 cM to 150.9 cM. This map will lay a foundation for construction of chromosome segment substitution lines of Chinese cabbage.
Keywords: vegetables; Brassica rapa; simple sequence repeat; unigene microsatellite sequence; genetic map
 
Title: Isolation of active components and analysis of structural types in agro-antibiotic KA08
Authors: GAO Fen, LI Jinghong, WANG Mengliang
PP: 1807-1813
Abstract: Thin layer chromatography (TLC) combined with bioassay were applied to the isolation of the active components in agro-antibiotic KA08. The silica gel plate (GF254) was used as the stationary phase, and two mixed solvents, one containing ethanol and water in the volume ratio of 6:4, and the other ethanol, aqueous ammonia and water in the volume ratio of 8:1:1, were used as the developing reagents. The purity of active component IA and IC was 97.53% and 98.79% by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) respectively. The functional groups’ reaction, UV and IR spectrum showed that components IA and IC most likely belonged to aminoglycoside antibiotic. Component IC was a small molecule compound with molecular weight of 269.0.
Keywords: plant protection; agro-antibiotic KA08; thin layer chromatography; isolation and purification; analysis of structural type
 
Title: Application progress of genetic transformation technology on wheat genetic improvement
Authors: JIA Haiyan
PP: 1802-1806
Abstract: Genetic transformation is an important tool for studying gene function and breeding new varieties. In this paper, the application of transgenic technology in the field of quality, disease and insect resistance, abiotic stress resistance, male sterile and heibicide reaiatanc improvement of wheat was reviewed. Based on the present research results, it was found that the wheat breeding could be improved through genetic improvement, and there was notable development on quality breeding and resistance breeding. This review provides a theoretical reference for the application of genetic transformation technology in the genetic improvement of wheat in the future.
Keywords: crop genetics; genetic transformation; review; wheat