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	1. Parametric instabilities of parallel propagating circularly polarized Alfvén waves: One-dimensional hybrid simulations
	HE Peng,GAO Xinliang,ZHAO Jinsong,LU Quanming
	Earth Science 03 August 2015
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	Abstract:The parametric decay of a monochromatic Alfvén wave in a low beta plasma is found to decay into a forward propagating density mode and a backward propagating daughter Alfvén wave mode. In this paper, by performing one-dimensional (1-D) hybrid simulations, we detailedly analyze the parametric instabilities of the Alfvén waves with a spectrum in a low beta plasma. The results show that the parametric instabilities have two stages. In the first stage, the density wave modes are excited due to the modulation of the pump Alfvén waves, and then magnetic fluctuations appear after these density modes interact with the pump Alfvén waves. In the second stage, each pump Alfvén wave will decay into a density mode and a daughter Alfvén wave mode, as in the parametric decay of a monochromatic Alfvén wave.
	TO cite this article:HE Peng,GAO Xinliang,ZHAO Jinsong, et al. Parametric instabilities of parallel propagating circularly polarized Alfvén waves: One-dimensional hybrid simulations[OL].[ 3 August 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4651188


	2. Comparison of environmental conditions between a tropical cyclone active year and an inactive year over the South China Sea
	LI Hanzhou,WANG Lei
	Earth Science 19 May 2015
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	Abstract:The South China Sea (SCS) experienced large variability in the numbers of tropical cyclone (TC) formations from year to year. Oceanic and atmospheric conditions were compared for an active TC activity year and an inactive TC activity year during the summer monsoon season (May to September) and the winter monsoon season (October to December): the summer of 2000 (seven TCs formed) and the summer of 1991 (0 TC formed); the winter of 1998 (six TCs formed) and the winter of 1991 (0 TC formed).The common environmental conditions which could account for the enhanced TC activity in the summer of 2000 and the winter of 1998 included: warmer SSTs, larger low-level relative vorticity, stronger mid-tropospheric ascending motion and lower outgoing longwave radiation (OLR). Larger mid-tropospheric moisture content and stronger upper-level divergence also provided more favorable conditions for TC formation during the winter of 1998, while these two factors could not account for the enhanced TC activity in the summer of 2000. These results suggest that there are some differences of the environmental conditions influencing TC activities in the SCS between in the summer monsoon season and in the winter monsoon season.
	TO cite this article:LI Hanzhou,WANG Lei. Comparison of environmental conditions between a tropical cyclone active year and an inactive year over the South China Sea[OL].[19 May 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4644202

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	3. Chaijiazhuang pluton in the Tianshui area: petrogenesis and magma mixing
	QIN Jiangfeng,SUN Danhui,ZHANG Bo
	Earth Science 11 May 2015
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	Abstract:The Chaijiazhuang pluton occurs in the western Qinling orogen, Tianshui area, central China. The pluton contain some magmatic mafic microgranular enclaves, which are fine-grained and contain acicular apatite and plagioclase megacrysts,. The mafic microgranular enclaves have lower SiO2 (60.27% - 60.38%) and higher Mg#=54-55 and Nb/Ta(14.8-16.6), this indicates that they may result from partial melting of the sub-continental lithosphere mantle(SCLM). Geochemically, the host monzonitic granite show some adakitic characteristics with high Sr, Ba, low Y and HREE, high Sr/Y(88-98) and Y/Yb(13-15) ratios, but tend to have a higher concentration of K2O（4.01%～4.53%）. The high (La/Yb)N ratios, concave-unward shapes of the HREE and a lack of significant Eu anomalies, high Ba and Sr as well as low aboundances of Y and HREE suggest a feldspar-poor, garnet ± amohibole-rich fractionation mineral assemblage. Coupled with previous studies we propose that the Chaijiazhuang monzonitic granite may be result from partial melting of thickened lower crust, the latter was triggered by underplating mafic magma which was caused by subducting slab breakoff during the late orogenic stage in Western Qinling Orogen.
	TO cite this article:QIN Jiangfeng,SUN Danhui,ZHANG Bo. Chaijiazhuang pluton in the Tianshui area: petrogenesis and magma mixing[OL].[11 May 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4642435


	4. Numerical Simulation of Water Flow in Mine Waste Rock Pile
	JIANG Liguo
	Earth Science 29 April 2015
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	Abstract:As a long-term source of contaminant solutes, the flow of water within a waste rock pile containing reactive sulfide minerals significantly contributes to the solutes transportation. In this paper, a waste rock pile with the internal structures and grain size distribution from a typical waste dump is introduced as the geometric configuration. A numerical model is then applied to simulate unsaturated flow within a waste rock pile constructed with two primary materials. The simulations results show that the water movement within heterogeneous pile mainly depended on the internal structures. The flow of water can be controlled by the fine material layers within the coarse materials. These fine material layers form a capillary barrier which preventing the water infiltrate towards the centre of the pile. They can retain more water than coarse materials and form a ponding effect and/or percolation points within the pile.
	TO cite this article:JIANG Liguo. Numerical Simulation of Water Flow in Mine Waste Rock Pile[OL].[29 April 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4640782


	5. Effect of Forest Gaps on the Photosynthetic Physiology of Castanopsis kawakamii seedlings
	TANG Rong,HE Zhongsheng,LIU Jinfu,SU Songjin,ZHENG Shiqun,HONG Wei
	Earth Science 10 April 2015
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	Abstract:The variations of photosynthetic physiology in plants were the dominant factors that could affected seedlings' dynamic growth. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of weak light on photosynthetic physiology of C.kawakamii seedlings by the measurements of chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and chlorophyll fluorescence in forest gaps and non-gaps. The results showed that: (1) the contents of chlorophyll a (Chl-a), chlorophyll b (Chl-b), and total chlorophyll (total Chl) of C.kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps were lower than those of non-gaps while the value of chlorophyll a/b (Chl-a/b) in forest gaps was higher than that of non-gaps. The increase of Chl-b content improved the absorption of light energy which could conducive to enhance the adaptability of seedlings in non-gaps under the weak light condition, (2) the Pn of C.kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps was higher than those of non-gaps, which showed that the formation of forest gaps could improve seedlings' photosynthetic capacity and promote their growth, and (3) under the weak light condition, the initial fluorescence (Fo) of C. kawakamii seedlings in the low age classes of forest gaps and the high age classes in non-gaps showed an increasing trend. Weak light restrained the seedlings' photochemical efficiency with a downward trend in PSII photochemical conversion efficiency (Fv/Fm) for the low age classes of forest gaps. Photochemical quenching (qP) of C.kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps and non-gaps were sensitive to weak light and demonstrated a decreasing trend. The descending trend of Non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) for C.kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps was larger than that of non-gaps, which indicated that the decline of heat dissipation capacity constrained the growth of seedlings in forest gaps under the weak light condition. Seedlings in forest gaps could maintain a rapid photosynthetic electron transport rate under the weak light condition. This is due to the actual quantum yield of PSII photochemical (Y) showed a tiny decreasing trend in forest gaps than those of non-gaps. We concluded that weak light condition limited the growth of C.kawakamii seedlings at the low age classes of forest gaps and the high age classes of non-gaps.
	TO cite this article:TANG Rong,HE Zhongsheng,LIU Jinfu, et al. Effect of Forest Gaps on the Photosynthetic Physiology of Castanopsis kawakamii seedlings[OL].[10 April 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4637682


	6. One mechanism for tropical disturbance development over the South China Sea: Coupling of Lower-Upper Troposphere (CLUT)
	WANG Lei
	Earth Science 31 March 2015
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	Abstract:In this paper, one triggering mechanism (Coupling of Lower-Upper Troposphere (CLUT)) is proposed to explain tropical disturbance development and tropical cyclone formation over the South China Sea(SCS). The main contents of CLUT mechanism include: (1) Persistent large amount of latent heat release is the critical condition for tropical cyclogenesis and the amount of latent heat release determines one tropical disturbance to develop or not; (2) The Lower-Upper tropospheric coupling is necessary to generate large amount of latent heat release during tropical cyclogenesis; (3) The reasons why non-developing disturbances can not develop into tropical cyclones are due to the deficiency of lower-upper tropospheric coupling in dynamic conditions and/or in thermal conditions.
	TO cite this article:WANG Lei. One mechanism for tropical disturbance development over the South China Sea: Coupling of Lower-Upper Troposphere (CLUT)[OL].[31 March 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4636942


	7. On marine ecosystem monitoring
	CAO Zhiping
	Earth Science 20 January 2015
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	Abstract:Soluble phosphate washed into the sea may change the ocean patterns of fishery resources and food supply for human. For future marine ecologists, they should focus to monitor the migration of phosphorus, as well as the impact of phosphorus on different marine organisms, and the marine-wide food web. One possible strategy is to set up three-staged continuous observation systems from land to sea (fresh water - estuarine or coastal - marine), which could be used as reference for the ocean monitoring system. In this paper, a number of the monitoring methodological issues are addressed, such as deployment of observation areas and sites, parameters to be monitored, methods of observation, analytical methods and quality control, and data exchange, integration and modeling. It was suggested that the observations should be centered on food webs to define the structure of functional groups in the web, determine the biomass of each functional group, and quantify the energy flow between the functional groups. It was also emphasized the importance of international cooperation for ocean monitoring.
	TO cite this article:CAO Zhiping. On marine ecosystem monitoring[OL].[20 January 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4630352


	8. Sedimentary geochemistry of K02 core from Dahu Swamp: a sensitive record of climate variability in South China during the last 16000yr and its climatic implications
	XUE Jibin,ZHONG Wei
	Earth Science 07 January 2015
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	Abstract:The late Glacial and Holocene history of Dahu Swamp in South China was reconstructed from K02 core sediment based on dry density, organic and inorganic geochemistry and accumulation rates of the bulk sediment. Multi-proxy data indicate that the late Glacial in Dahu Swamp was punctuated by several cool or cold events, which occurred from ca.16000-15000 cal yr B.P., 14000-13500 cal yr B.P. and 12800-11500 cal yr B.P., respectively, possibly correlated with the Oldest Dryas, Older Dryas and Younger Dryas events discovered in northern high latitude region. Fluctuations of all the proxies indicate that the Holocene climate in Dahu Swamp was actually unstable, and was often interrupted by some abrupt events, such as three relatively cooler events centred at about ca.9800-9400 cal yr B.P., 8800-8000 cal yr B.P. and 7000-6400 cal yr B.P. respectively. From about ca.10000 to 6000 cal yr B.P., multi-proxy data indicate relatively warmer and wetter conditions, which can be considered as the Holocene Optimum in this region, coinciding with the maximum Northern Hemisphere insolation. However, the Holocene Optimum in our study seems to originate at least about 1500 years earlier than that reported previously by other scholars. In addition, an evident dry mid-Holocene interval was revealed by the multi-proxy data as well from about ca.6000-3000cal yr B.P. Our results also provide hints of the paleo-atmospheric circulation changes between the Northern and Southern Hemisphere, especially the seasonal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). It is reasonable to consider the monsoon as a global tropic climate system rather than regional phenomena only and it is necessary to research the monsoon further at the global scale.
	TO cite this article:XUE Jibin,ZHONG Wei. Sedimentary geochemistry of K02 core from Dahu Swamp: a sensitive record of climate variability in South China during the last 16000yr and its climatic implications[OL].[ 7 January 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4627042


	9. Possible solar control on the historical hydrological variation during the past 500 yrs in Guangdong area, South China: A wavelet approach
	XUE Jibin,ZHONG Wei
	Earth Science 20 December 2014
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	Abstract:Correlativity between the hydrological variations in the Guangdong area and solar activity reflected by total solar irradiance during the past 500 years was detected using continuous wavelet transform, cross-wavelet and wavelet coherence approaches, as well as pattern matching. Periodicities of ~11 yr and ~32 yr are observed in the flood/drought series coinciding with those known for solar cycles. In-phase relations in shorter timescales and anti-phase relations in longer timescales are identified between flood/drought variations (represented by FDI) and solar activity (represented by TSI), suggesting that the phase is changing over different timescales and the relations are in-phase and anti-phase alternately during different periods. Such a relationship suggests that solar activity is possibly the controlling factor for paleohydrological variations in the Guangdong area. However, the flood/drought variability may be impacted by some other ambiguous factors, which leads to more complicated relations between flood/drought variation and solar activities.
	TO cite this article:XUE Jibin,ZHONG Wei. Possible solar control on the historical hydrological variation during the past 500 yrs in Guangdong area, South China: A wavelet approach[OL].[20 December 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4624682


	10. Application of Hard-Soft Acid-Base (HSAB) theory to explain the metallogenic specialization of magmatic hydrothermal deposits
	WANG Yang,JIAO Yongling
	Earth Science 17 October 2014
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	Abstract:From the view of hard-soft acid-base (HSAB) theory, the metallogenic specialization of hydrothermal ore deposits can be regarded as the consequence of the maximum hardness principle (MHP) and the minimum electrophilicity principle (mEP), which govern the reactions among the magma, the ore-forming ions and the anions from magmatic fluid phase. According to the HSAB theory, fluorine is a hard base with high electrophilicity and hardness, it can attract the hard acid such as tungsten (W) and tin (Sn); conversely, sulfur is a soft base with low electrophilicity and hardness, it can attract the soft acid such as copper (Cu) and gold (Au); meanwhile, chlorine exhibits intermediate properties, so it mainly attracts the borderline acid such as iron (Fe), rare earth elements (REE), and gold. As the hardness of the hydrothermal fluids bearing ions such as F, Cl, and/or S is always higher than that of the silicate melts, the magmatic fluid can segregate the ore-forming metals from the melts during the hydrothermal stage of magmatic evolution. The felsic magmas generated in the collisional environment is fluorine-rich, it can attract the hard acid (W and Sn) from the source, and leads to the W and/or Sn metallogensis. However, the arc magma has much higher sulfur content, and these melts will attract the soft acid (Cu, Au) from the source to form the porphyry deposit. The chlorine and/or CO2 are enriched in the alkaline magmas generated in the intraplate extensional environment, which can attract the borderline ions such as Fe, Au, and REE to form the iron-oxides-copper-gold (IOCG) deposit.
	TO cite this article:WANG Yang,JIAO Yongling. Application of Hard-Soft Acid-Base (HSAB) theory to explain the metallogenic specialization of magmatic hydrothermal deposits[OL].[17 October 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4613890

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