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	1. Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films Prepared by Selenization of One-step Electrochemically Deposited Cu-Zn-Sn-Se Precursors
	Meng Mingming,Wan Lei,Zou Peng,Miao Shiding,Xu Jinzhang
	Energy Science and Technology 09 October 2012
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	Abstract:A non-vacuum strategy was reported in facile preparation of kesterite-type Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) thin films via selenization of one-step electrochemically prepared Cu-Zn-Sn-Se precursors. The Cu-Zn-Sn-Se precursor films were prepared by electrochemical deposition from electrolytes containing CuSO4, ZnSO4, SnCl4 and H2SeO3, and the substrate is a Mo coated soda-lime glass. The CZTSe thin films were obtained by annealing the electrochemically deposited films in the selenium vapors at the temperature of 550 C. The crystal phases, micro-structures, chemical compositions and optical properties of CZTSe films have been studied by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), Raman scattering spectrum, and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopic means. The results revealed that the electrolytes with Cu:Zn:Sn:Se molar ratio of 3:70:20:3 yields nearly pure phase of kesterite, and a band gap of 0.94eV was determined by spectroscopic measurements.
	TO cite this article:Meng Mingming,Wan Lei,Zou Peng, et al. Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films Prepared by Selenization of One-step Electrochemically Deposited Cu-Zn-Sn-Se Precursors[OL].[ 9 October 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4491026


	2. Preparation of a Novel TiO2 Array-Cluster Film for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells by Hydrothermal Reaction
	QIN Haiyang,ZHUANG Jia
	Energy Science and Technology 13 April 2012
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	Abstract:In this work, one type of novel and thick TiO2 array-cluster film was prepared with hydrothermal method which was low cost and simple. It was found that this type of TiO2 film grew on the FTO substrate was a structure of two-layer and had the tetragonal rutile phase from the FESEM images and the XRD patterns. However, the subjacent layer of the two layers was TiO2 array, while the supernatant layer was TiO2 clusters, and both of them were formed from TiO2 rods which developed from finer TiO2 nanorods. The thickness of this type of TiO2 film could reach to 22.9μm, and without any modification treatment, a light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 1.24% was achieved by using 22.9μm-thick TiO2 array-cluster film which was prepared under the 0.06mol/L-dosage of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT), at 140℃ for 72h and the FTO substrates placed at 180-degree angle as the photoanode in a DSSC.
	TO cite this article:QIN Haiyang,ZHUANG Jia. Preparation of a Novel TiO2 Array-Cluster Film for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells by Hydrothermal Reaction[OL].[13 April 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4474443

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	3. Preparation and Performance of ZnO Array Photoelectrodes Under Different Hydrothermal Reactions
	ZHUANG Jia,LI Linfeng
	Energy Science and Technology 10 April 2012
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	Abstract:In this paper, ZnO array photoelectrodes with different morphologies were prepared by different hydrothermal reactions, the relationship between morphology of ZnO arrays and performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was also reported. The morphologies of the prepared products were measured using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results demonstrated that the obtained ZnO arrays were much different in length, aspect ratio and surface topography. The effects of morphology of ZnO arrays on the DSSC performance were investigated by current-voltage (J-V) characteristic test, and the parameters indicated that longer length, higher aspect ratio and hollow shape on the surface of ZnO arrays leaded to the short circuit current density (Jsc) increase, buffer layers provided by ZnO seed film and thick ZnO arrays resulted in the increase of open circuit voltage (Voc). The present research may be helpful to improve the conversion efficiency of ZnO array-based DSSCs.
	TO cite this article:ZHUANG Jia,LI Linfeng. Preparation and Performance of ZnO Array Photoelectrodes Under Different Hydrothermal Reactions[OL].[10 April 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4474579


	4. Study on water saturation in oil-water fluid flow area
	Liu Zhibin,Liu Haohan
	Energy Science and Technology 01 December 2011
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	Abstract:Studying on water saturation distribution in oil-water fluid flow area is meaningful to the high, stabilized production and improvement of ultimate recovery. In this paper, by introducing relational expression between relative permeability and water saturation to the fractional flow equation, we get an expression between water cut and water saturation; By combining differentiation of water cut to the expression, we get a three dimensional (3D) equation between water saturation, distance and time; After expanding it with Taylor expansion and solving it with Vieta's Theorem, we find the distribution of water saturation related to time and distance in oil-water fluid flow area; By applying this formula to certain sandstone reservoir in China, we get the water saturation distribution in 100 days and 200 days and drew corresponding figures.
	TO cite this article:Liu Zhibin,Liu Haohan. Study on water saturation in oil-water fluid flow area[OL].[ 1 December 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4452311


	5. Qualitative Investigation on Effects of Manifold Shape on Methanol Steam Reforming for Hydrogen Production
	PAN Minqiang,ZENG Dehuai,TANG Yong
	Energy Science and Technology 05 May 2011
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	Abstract:Fluid velocity distribution among microchannels plays important role on the reaction performances. In this work, the velocity distribution among microchannels with two different manifold structures is compared by a three-dimensional CFD model under two situations respectively, no reaction and methanol steam reforming occurs. Then the performances of methanol steam reforming in both plates are experimentally investigated, and the effect of manifold shape on the hydrogen production performances is qualitatively analyzed by the combination of simulation results of velocity distribution. It is found that the microchannel plate with right-angle manifold enables narrow velocity distributions under different entrance velocities and reaction temperatures, whether no reaction occurs or methanol steam reforming is progressing, which can be the critical element results in better conversion rate and selectivity of process than that of the microchannel plate with oblique-angle manifold. Optimizing the structural parameters to facilitate a relatively uniform velocity distribution to increase the hydrogen production performances may be a key factor to be considered.
	TO cite this article:PAN Minqiang,ZENG Dehuai,TANG Yong. Qualitative Investigation on Effects of Manifold Shape on Methanol Steam Reforming for Hydrogen Production[OL].[ 5 May 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4425001


	6. Fabrication and Characteristics of Cube-post Microreactors for Methanol Steam Reforming
	PAN Minqiang,Zeng Dehuai,Liming Wang,TANG Yong
	Energy Science and Technology 05 May 2011
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	Abstract:The lamination-plate structure patterned with microchannels and triangle manifolds regarded as one of the preferred constructions for micro fuel reformers. Learned from the microchannel plate structure, a similar plate structure with cube-post array and triangle manifolds is proposed in this work. A micro-milling process is applied to fabricate the cube posts on the plate surface, and the influences of cutting parameters on the burr formation are analyzed. Experimental results indicate that larger cutting speed, smaller feed rate and cutting depth are in favor of obtaining relatively small burrs. Two plates with different cube-post dimensions and manifold structures are experimentally investigated the performances of methanol steam reforming over the Cu/Zn/Al/Zr catalyst. It indicates that the reactor with small-scale cube posts and acute triangle manifold presents better reforming performances at 260℃ than that of the one with large-scale cube posts and right triangle manifolds. However, their performances are closed to each other at relatively high reaction temperature since the catalyst activity is situated in dominated position at the time.
	TO cite this article:PAN Minqiang,Zeng Dehuai,Liming Wang, et al. Fabrication and Characteristics of Cube-post Microreactors for Methanol Steam Reforming[OL].[ 5 May 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4425321


	7. Componential Analysis of Heavy Oil from Direct Liquefaction of Xinjiang Heishan Coal
	HUANG Lili,WEI Xianyong,HUANG Yong
	Energy Science and Technology 16 March 2011
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	Abstract:A heavy oil (340-360 ℃) from direct liquefaction of Xinjiang Heishan coal was analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Detected main components were polycyclic arenes and its derivatives along with normal alkanes and small amount of oxygen-containing compounds. The heavy oil was extracted with methanol under ultrasonic irradiation, and the first extract was separated by silica-gel column chromatography. The detectable compounds in subfractions by GC/MS are more abundant, indicating that preseparation is very important for increasing the sensitivity of GC/MS analysis.
	TO cite this article:HUANG Lili,WEI Xianyong,HUANG Yong. Componential Analysis of Heavy Oil from Direct Liquefaction of Xinjiang Heishan Coal[OL].[16 March 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4416697


	8. New Gas Drive Analysis Method
	Liu Haohan
	Energy Science and Technology 23 February 2011
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	Abstract:For gas reservoir driving, the main gas driving force , the dynamic changes of gas reservoir and the interreaction between gas reservoir and its surrounding water area in each development phase should be considered. The dynamic change of gas reservoir means the changes of gas reservoir pressure and PORV of gas storage; By introducing the least-square method to the material balance equation of gas reservoir and considering the liquid expansion and decreased pore volume caused by the decreased pressure and combining the liquid state equation and the elastic medium state equation , a new method to analyze the gas reservoir driving has been established, and relative new calculating formula of degree of reserve recovery, effective compressibility, relative pressure coefficient, cumulative gas production and geologic reserve of gas reservoir have been produced; This new method lays a theoretical foundation for the traditional formation pressure method, the law of water cutting volume factor and the Havlena-Odeh method, and it can be applied to the driving analysis of normal gas reservoir, abnormally pressured gas reservoir and condensate gas reservoir; By putting this new method into the Anderson 'L' gas reservoir: An abnormally pressured gas reservoir in south Texas of America, we get good analyzing results.
	TO cite this article:Liu Haohan. New Gas Drive Analysis Method[OL].[23 February 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4411942


	9. Preparation techniques of selective emitter for solar cell application
	YAO Zhaohui,LIAO Hua,LI Jingtian,SHEN Lanxian,MA Xun,TU Jielei,LIU Zuming
	Energy Science and Technology 20 January 2011
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	Abstract:In this paper，the structure and preparation techniques selective emitter solar cells have been described detail. Selective emitter is a novel structure for solar cells, which features with a relatively heavily-doped concentration in the front contact region and appropriate concentration in other areas of the solar cells' surface in the formation of P-N junction, and can easily achieve a good Ohmic contact and reduced surface carriers recombination velocities. Three different preparation techniques and their application prospects are summarized and discussed in this paper, namely, diffusion with screen-printable phosphorous, diffusion through screen-printed barriers as well as traditional lithographic masking technology. It is pointed out that diffusion with screen-printed phosphorous paste is the simplest and most promising technology for fabrication of selective emitter solar cells in mass production line.
	TO cite this article:YAO Zhaohui,LIAO Hua,LI Jingtian, et al. Preparation techniques of selective emitter for solar cell application[OL].[20 January 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4408100


	10. One-layer-only molecular deposition filming self-assemblies: a breakthrough in enhanced oil recovery
	Gao Manglai,Gu Zheng
	Energy Science and Technology 29 December 2010
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	Abstract:In recent decades, the properties and applications of multilayer films have been widely studied. However there has been relatively little research or consideration of other forms of deposition films. This paper introduces a class of unique molecular deposition filming self-assemblies, which we call "one-layer-only" molecular deposition films in order to distinguish them from multilayer films and ordinary monolayers. These one-layer-only molecular deposition filming self-assemblies have distinctive qualities, which will be discussed in detail below, and are constructed with just a single-layer film each, via electrostatic attraction between quaternary ammonium salts and negatively charged substrates. The impressive effects of these one-layer-only molecular deposition filming self-assemblies have already been demonstrated in enhanced oil recovery in many oilfields across China. After describing the unique method of oil displacement and detailing various experiments using this method and their results, the paper will consider the alternative applications of the one-layer-only molecular deposition filming self-assemblies in the oilfield industry as well as the surface modification of clay. The significance of this new method is not just the efficiency with which it produces higher amounts of oil displacement and the economic benefits that result, but also its profound social significance and its potential to be applied to other subject areas. After exploring these possibilities, the paper concludes by examining the current limitations of the one-layer-only molecular deposition filming self-assemblies, the opportunities for their wider application and the great potential for their use and development in the future.
	TO cite this article:Gao Manglai,Gu Zheng. One-layer-only molecular deposition filming self-assemblies: a breakthrough in enhanced oil recovery[OL].[29 December 2010] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4402095

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