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1. Characterization of heavy metals in the contaminated BFMSW using synchrotron radiation-induced micro-X-ray fluorescence | |||
ZHANG Hua,WU Jun,SHAO Liming,HE Pinjing | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 25 January 2013 | |||
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Abstract:Heavy metal pollution of biodegradable fraction of municipal solid waste (BFMSW) greatly hampered its beneficial reuse. Synchrotron radiation-induced micro-X-ray fluorescence (SR-μXRF) was employed to elucidate the elemental characteristics of contaminated BFMSW. Six sectioned BFMSW samples were selected for SR-μXRF mapping and 50 individual fine particles sorbed onto BFMSW were analyzed using SR-μXRF point scanning. The results showed that heavy metals tended to be concentrated on the surface of BFMSW and highly localized to some "hot-spots". Marked differences in heavy metal sequestering potentials among various kinds of BFMSW, and the significant role of heavy metal "hot-spots" in BFMSW contamination were identified. The lower heavy metal levels in the simulated samples compared to field samples (with longer and more intense mixing) indicated that inter-contamination during waste handling contributed significantly to heavy metal accumulation in BFMSW. Furthermore, additional information regarding elemental characteristics of individual particles could be acquired using SR-μXRF. | |||
TO cite this article:ZHANG Hua,WU Jun,SHAO Liming, et al. Characterization of heavy metals in the contaminated BFMSW using synchrotron radiation-induced micro-X-ray fluorescence[J]. |
2. Optimization of Operating Conditions for MBR Treating Mustard Tuber Wastewater by RSM | |||
CHAI Hongxiang,Wei Yinghua,DU Jun,FANG Junhua | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 24 January 2013 | |||
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Abstract:In this paper the effects of operating conditions of the membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating mustard tuber wastewater with 7% of salinity (calculated as NaCl) on membrane fouling rate was investigated , and the operating conditions of the reactor was optimized. With the increasing rate of filtration resistance with the cumulative permeate volume(Kv)used to characterize the membrane fouling rate, the study designed three sets of single- factor experiments to investigate the effects of suction suspended time (t), aeration intensity (UGr) and transmembrane pressure (ΔP) on Kv. The result showed that with increasing of t, UGr and ΔP, KV decreased at first and then increased, and t, UGr and ΔP had optimal values. With response surface methodology(RSM),the MBR operating conditions were optimized,and the optimal conditions was as follows: t = 2min, UGr = 12m3m-2h-1 and ΔP = 5KPa. Through analysis of the response surface plots, interactions between the operating conditions were analyzed, and a conclusion was drawn that interaction between t and UGr was strong, and so was interaction between UGr and ΔP, but the interaction between t and ΔP was not significant. | |||
TO cite this article:CHAI Hongxiang,Wei Yinghua,DU Jun, et al. Optimization of Operating Conditions for MBR Treating Mustard Tuber Wastewater by RSM[OL].[24 January 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4515610 |
3. Physical model of granule adhesion to the belt-electrodes of a tribo-aero-electrostatic separator | |||
LI Jia,Lucian Dascalescu,Mohamed Miloudi,Mihai Bilici,XU Zhenming | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 10 January 2013 | |||
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Abstract:Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of tribo-aero-electrostatic separation technologies, which consist in the selective sorting of mixed granular insulating materials in a fluidized bed affected by an electric field orthogonally oriented to the direction of the fluidization air. The aim of the present paper is to put the theoretical bases for the optimization of this process, i. e. maximize the total mass of the granules collected at the two electrodes that generate the electric field. The various forces that drive a granule of given mass and electric charge through the electric field and make it stick to an electrode are expressed as functions of the several input variables and parameters of the process, such as the applied high-voltage or the surface roughness, the size and the position of the electrodes. The concepts of "critical electrostatic field" and "virtual climbing distance" are introduced. The prediction of the theoretical model are confirmed by the results of three sets of experiments, carried out on samples of a granular mixture consisting of 50% Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and 50% High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), originating from the recycling of waste electric and electronic equipment. Higher separation efficiency was obtained when the electric field in the active zone was intensified by the use of an additional electrode connected to the ground and when the collecting electrodes were covered by a thin insulating layer. | |||
TO cite this article:LI Jia,Lucian Dascalescu,Mohamed Miloudi, et al. Physical model of granule adhesion to the belt-electrodes of a tribo-aero-electrostatic separator[OL].[10 January 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4508382 |
4. Monitoring System for Recovering Waste Printed Circuit Boards | |||
LI Jia,ZHOU Quan,XU Zhenming | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 08 January 2013 | |||
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Abstract:(Although the corona electrostatic separation is successfully used in recycling waste printed circuit boards in industrial applications in China, there are problems which can't be resolved completely, such as nonmetal particle aggregation and high-voltage breakdown. Both of these impact the process of separation and are not easy to identify during industrial application. This paper provides a systematic study on a real-time monitoring system. A real-time weight monitoring system was established to continuously monitor the separation process. The monitoring system comprised of two parts: hardware and software. A Virtual Instrument (VI) program written by LabVIEW was used to sample and analyze the incremental accumulation of middling. It included:1) A Real-time monitoring system for the output of corona electrostatic separation (CES); 2) Real-time display of the weight accumulation of middling, the automatic determination to ensure middling stay within the limits ; 3) History date saving to file, which can be used by other software; 4) Statistic analysis and control for the incremental accumulation of middling. Three kinds of work conditions were used to verify the monitoring system. It was found that the system achieved continuous monitoring during the separation process and analyzed the received data. The system also gave comprehensible feedback for the accidents (material blockage in the feed inlet and high-voltage breakdown). The alarm signals not only helped operators to solve the problems in time, but provided input signals for improving the intelligence of the automatic line. From the alarm system, the monitoring system also saved human cost and helped the new technology to replace primordial methods as quickly as possible. | |||
TO cite this article:LI Jia,ZHOU Quan,XU Zhenming. Monitoring System for Recovering Waste Printed Circuit Boards[OL].[ 8 January 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4508823 |
5. Effect of sample size of PTFE needle felt on its strength measurement | |||
MAO Ning,SUN Xi | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 18 December 2012 | |||
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Abstract:Strength and elongation are two important parameters for evaluating the durability property of needle felt which is now widely used for the air pollution control. It is necessary to measure them as reasonable as possible. The paper researches on the effect of sample size on the strength measurement of needle felt. The sample size is set as 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and 5cm for width and 10cm, 20m and 30cm for length respectively and the strength measurements are completed. It can be concluded that the width of 5cm and length of 20cm are suitable values for the strength measurement of needle felt for which gives the smallest deviation for both machine direction and transverse direction of needle felt. And the sample length has a bigger effect on strength measurement of needle felt than sample width. | |||
TO cite this article:MAO Ning,SUN Xi. Effect of sample size of PTFE needle felt on its strength measurement[OL].[18 December 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4503723 |
6. A simple nanocasting route for preparation of mesoporous titanium dioxide/GCM microsphere | |||
ZHANG Chengli,KANG Shifei,LI Xi | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 17 December 2012 | |||
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Abstract:Mesoporous titanium dioxide/graphitic carbon microspheres were synthesized by a simple nanocasting route using monodisperse silicon dioxide microspheres as the template. The characterize and the morphology of the titanium dioxide/graphitic carbon microspheres have been analyzed by means of XRD, N2-sorption, SEM, TEM, TG-DTA and EDAX. Indicated by the experimental results and the theoretical analysis, the anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles of 8-14 nm in diameter were highly dispersed in the graphitic carbon microspheres. The obtained material can be used as catalyst or battery material. | |||
TO cite this article:ZHANG Chengli,KANG Shifei,LI Xi. A simple nanocasting route for preparation of mesoporous titanium dioxide/GCM microsphere[OL].[17 December 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4502846 |
7. Rapidly Analyzing the Quality of Different Kind of Commercial Composts in China Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy | |||
HUANG Guangqun,WANG Xiaoyan,HAN Lujia | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 03 December 2012 | |||
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Abstract:This study explored the feasibility to evaluate several physicochemical and nutrients properties such as moisture, pH, EC, total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), C/N, Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in three kinds of animal manure composts in China using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and partial least squares. Total 120 compost samples, which included cattle manure, chicken manure and pig manure composts, were collected from 22 provinces in China and scanned with SPECTRUM ONE NTS (Perkin Elmer, New Jersey, USA) from 10000 to 4000 cm-1. The results showed that the physicochemical and nutrients properties in different animal manure composts could be successfully estimated using NIRS, especially for moisture, EC, VS, TC and TN. But there was different efficiency of NIRS models for different animal manure composts. In the long run, it may be feasible to make a difference between different animal manure composts for predictions and constantly enlarging the number of reference samples.) | |||
TO cite this article:HUANG Guangqun,WANG Xiaoyan,HAN Lujia. Rapidly Analyzing the Quality of Different Kind of Commercial Composts in China Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy[OL].[ 3 December 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4499344 |
8. Preparation and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Heterostructured ZnxCd1-xS/TiO2 nanofibers | |||
Yang Guorui,Yan Wei | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 07 November 2012 | |||
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Abstract:The hierarchical ZnxCd1-xS-TiO2 heterostructures were successfully synthesized by the combination of an electrospinning technique and hydrothermal method. These heterostructures were characterized for the morphological, structural and optical, properties by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS), transmission electron micrography(TEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and diffuse reflectance UV/visible absorption spectroscopy(UV-vis). The photocatalytic investigation showed that the ZnxCd1-xS-TiO2 heterostructures possessed enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) compared with the primaryTiO2 nanofibers and sole ZnxCd1-xS nanopaticles prepared via hydrothermal process under UV light irradiation.The composite of different semiconductor may facilitate the photogenerated charge carriers separation and transfer due to the difference in the band edge positions. | |||
TO cite this article:Yang Guorui,Yan Wei. Preparation and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Heterostructured ZnxCd1-xS/TiO2 nanofibers[OL].[ 7 November 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4493102 |
9. Comprehensive application and potential prediction for bathing water recycling in buildings | |||
Liu Meng,Li Yongqiang,Yang Xincheng | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 15 October 2012 | |||
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Abstract:Due to global climate change and resource shortage, energy efficiency and resource recycling received extensive attention. China has pushed forward the development of green building as national development strategy. Bathing water consumes both water and energy a lot. Varieties of studies have been carried out on the recycling of waste bathing water leading to numbers of technologies and theoretical researches. But current studies are restricted to the transformation of independent bath units, lacking of recycling on overall structure of the buildings and the analysis on inherent potential. This paper takes both energy and water reuse into consideration, providing a comprehensive application by the settlement using the waste water from bath for greening irrigation and warming-up the inlet bathing water. Predictions are made on energy saving efficiency in different seasons (26.1%, 29.2%, 28.6%) and irrigation ability per capita (97m2) of the comprehensive application. | |||
TO cite this article:Liu Meng,Li Yongqiang,Yang Xincheng. Comprehensive application and potential prediction for bathing water recycling in buildings[OL].[15 October 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4488331 |
10. Shear strength and creep settlement properties of municipal solid waste at the Chong Qing Landfill, China | |||
ZHAO Yanru | |||
Environmental Science and Techology 21 May 2012 | |||
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Abstract:This paper presents experimental results on geotechnical properties of municipal solid waste (MSW) at different biodegradation phases. The shear strength of fresh and landfilled municipal solid waste was determined by large direct shear tests (LDS). For fresh samples, the cohesion was increased from 0kPa to 19.89kPa, and the friction angle decreased from 27.84 to 14.41 as biodegradation degree increased from 0 to 63.83%.. For the triaxial tests under the consolidation drained (CD) condition, the shear strength of cohesion and friction angle for degraded samples presents a continuous increasing when the defined axial strain is increased from 5% to 20%, and the cohesion is vary from 35.90kPa to 66.42kPa, the drained friction angle ranged from 29 to37 . A narrow range for organic content and temperature that better for biodegradation and creep settlement were found in the creep tests, and it was ranged from 21.9% to 36.47%, 22 to 41 , respectively. The test results are useful for assessing the stability and creep settlement of landfills located in ChongQing city, in China. | |||
TO cite this article:ZHAO Yanru. Shear strength and creep settlement properties of municipal solid waste at the Chong Qing Landfill, China[OL].[21 May 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4479297 |
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