Abstract: Allelic variation at the FRIGIDA (FRI) locus is a major contributor to natural variation of flowering time and vernalization requirement in Arabidopsis thaliana. Dominant FRI inhibits flowering by activating the expression of the MADS box transcriptional repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), which represses flowering and responses to vernalization. Four FRI orthologues had been identified in the domesticated amphidiploid Brassica napus. Linkage and association studies had revealed that one of the FRI orthologues, BnaA3.FRI, contributes to flowering time variation and growth type differentiation. Haplotype analysis of the four BnaFRI copies indicated that only BnaA3.FRI was highly conserved in winter type oilseed rape. Polymorphism analysis of BnaA3.FRI using PCR markers in a panel of 174 B. napus accessions identified four haplotypes, all of which showed significantly non-random distribution (P < 0.01) among different growth types and geographical regions. In addition, a large number of nonsynonymous mutations within the coding region of BnaA3.FRI were revealed. Both association analysis and transgenic functional complementation demonstrated that mutations in the coding sequence of BnaA3.FRI lead to weak alleles, and subsequently to flowering time variation. This study for the first time provides a molecular basis for flowering time control by BnaA3.FRI in B. napus, and will facilitate predictive oilseed rape breeding to select varieties with favorable flowering time and better adaption to latitude and seasonal shifts due to changing climate.

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	1. Sequence Variation and Functional Analysis of a FRIGIDA Orthologue (BnaA3.FRI) in Brassica napus
	YI Licong,WANG Jing
	Agronomy 28 April 2017
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	Abstract: Allelic variation at the FRIGIDA (FRI) locus is a major contributor to natural variation of flowering time and vernalization requirement in Arabidopsis thaliana. Dominant FRI inhibits flowering by activating the expression of the MADS box transcriptional repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), which represses flowering and responses to vernalization. Four FRI orthologues had been identified in the domesticated amphidiploid Brassica napus. Linkage and association studies had revealed that one of the FRI orthologues, BnaA3.FRI, contributes to flowering time variation and growth type differentiation. Haplotype analysis of the four BnaFRI copies indicated that only BnaA3.FRI was highly conserved in winter type oilseed rape. Polymorphism analysis of BnaA3.FRI using PCR markers in a panel of 174 B. napus accessions identified four haplotypes, all of which showed significantly non-random distribution (P < 0.01) among different growth types and geographical regions. In addition, a large number of nonsynonymous mutations within the coding region of BnaA3.FRI were revealed. Both association analysis and transgenic functional complementation demonstrated that mutations in the coding sequence of BnaA3.FRI lead to weak alleles, and subsequently to flowering time variation. This study for the first time provides a molecular basis for flowering time control by BnaA3.FRI in B. napus, and will facilitate predictive oilseed rape breeding to select varieties with favorable flowering time and better adaption to latitude and seasonal shifts due to changing climate.
	TO cite this article:YI Licong,WANG Jing. Sequence Variation and Functional Analysis of a FRIGIDA Orthologue (BnaA3.FRI) in Brassica napus[OL].[28 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4729628


	2. OsANN4 confers stress induced by ABA signaling and regulates antioxidant accumulation
	Can Guan，Qian Zhang,Yingjie Gao,Jianchao Ma,Ying Zhu,Zhengge Zhu
	Agronomy 28 April 2017
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	Abstract:Annexins are Ca2+-dependent phospholipids-binding proteins constituting evolutionary conserved multigene family that widely distributed throughout animals and plants. OsANN4 is a member of rice annexin protein family. However, the functions and mechanisms of OsANN4 in stress responses and signal pathways remain unclear. GUS staining assay and quantitative RT-PCR indicated that the expression of OsANN4 is tissue-specific. In this study, OsANN4 expression was high at seedling stage. The plants which knocking down OsANN4 through RNA interference were more sensitive to ABA at the seeds germination stage comparing to wild type. It suggested that OsANN4 was involved in response to ABA signaling under abiotic stress. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that OsANN4 interacted with OsCDPK24. This may provide potential regulation cross-talk in the abiotic stress response.
	TO cite this article:Can Guan，Qian Zhang,Yingjie Gao,Jianchao Ma, et al. OsANN4 confers stress induced by ABA signaling and regulates antioxidant accumulation[OL].[28 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4730556

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	3. Mapping QTLs for Rice Heat Tolerance at Heading Stage
	Zhang Changquan,Chenfei,Hongran,Li Qianfeng,Liu Qiaoquan
	Agronomy 25 April 2017
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	Abstract:In this paper, a japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety Nipponbare, an indica variety 9311 and a set of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) which were generated using Nipponbare as the recipient parent and 9311 as the donor parent were used as the experimental materials. The CSSLs were grown in 2012 (normal temperature condition) and 2013 (high temperature condition) in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, and were used to map the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for heat tolerance, based on the heat tolerance index [(The seed setting rate under normal temperature condition - The seed setting rate under high temperature condition) / The seed setting rate under normal temperature condition]. As a result, three QTLs for heat tolerance in rice were mapped on chromosomes 2, 4 and 12, respectively. They had LOD (logarithm of odds) scores of 2.56, 4.02 and 2.79, and contribution rates of 4. 95%, 7.99% and 5.44%. Among them, qHT12.1 showed positive effect, while qHT2.1 and qHT4.1 showed negative effect on heat tolerance. The results lay a foundation for the fine mapping and cloning of the QTLs and genes related to heat tolerance, and for the breeding of heat-tolerant rice varieties.
	TO cite this article:Zhang Changquan,Chenfei,Hongran, et al. Mapping QTLs for Rice Heat Tolerance at Heading Stage[OL].[25 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4729165


	4. Climate Change and Soil Moisture Response Characteristics of Desert Steppe
	WANG Meng,DANG Xiaohong,CUI Xiangxin,DING Yanlong,LIU Zongqi,MENG Zhongju
	Agronomy 16 June 2016
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	Abstract: Analyzing the change of soil moisture of grassland caused by climate change has prevalent meaning in restoring ecological environment of grassland. In this study, precipitation, air temperature and evaporation capacity were taken as the main meteorological factors, climate trends and soil moisture response features of desert steppe in Inner Mongolia were analyzed. The results showed: the tendency of climate change in Inner Mongolia desert steppe was according with global Change in recent 40 years, which presented as drought, warming trends; precipitation and evaporation were the main factors in affecting soil moisture, climatic warming creates more evaporation; the difference between annual evaporation and rainfall was the intuitional factor for analysis the impact of climate change on soil water, which could better reflect soil water supply and consumption levels under the natural condition.
	TO cite this article:WANG Meng,DANG Xiaohong,CUI Xiangxin, et al. Climate Change and Soil Moisture Response Characteristics of Desert Steppe[OL].[16 June 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4697800


	5. Experiment on influencing factors of cutting performance of cotton stalk cutting blade
	Song Zhanhua,Gao Tianhao,Li Yudao,Yan Yinfa,Li Fade
	Agronomy 30 May 2016
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	Abstract:In order to study the cutting performance and optimize the working parameters of cotton stalk cutting blade thus providing technical support for designing the cotton stalk cutter and harvesting equipment, using the harvesting and ripe cotton stalks as experimental material, the cutting test was performed in the microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine for different cutting blades with a self-made cutting device. An investigation was undertaken to study the effect of thickness of blade, blade angles, clamping angles, gap and the blade form combination of moving and stationary blade on the unit cutting force and the unit area cutting power of cotton stalk. The response surface analysis method was used to optimize the working parameters of the cutting blade. Through the test, the optimal combination of the cotton stalk cutting blade was achieved, it was that the form of moving and stationary blade was all sawtooth, the gap between the moving and the stationary blade was 0.32 mm, the thickness of the blade was 6.02 mm, the clamping angle was 47.04 and the blade angle was 28.05 . Under this condition, the unit cutting force of cotton stalk and the unit area cutting power of cotton stalk were the minimum, they were 4.8 N/mm2 and 57.4 kJ/m2 respectively. In application, the ultimate optimal combination of the cotton stalk cutting blade was that the form of moving and stationary blade was all sawtooth, the gap between the moving and the stationary knife was 0.3 mm, the thickness of the blade was 6 mm, the clamping angle was 47 and the blade angle was 28 . Under this condition, the unit cutting force of cotton stalk was 4.9 N/mm2 and the unit area cutting power of cotton stalk was 56.6 kJ/m2. This showed that the optimization result of the response surface analysis method was reliable and scientific.
	TO cite this article:Song Zhanhua,Gao Tianhao,Li Yudao, et al. Experiment on influencing factors of cutting performance of cotton stalk cutting blade[OL].[30 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4689120


	6. The genus Cratospila Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) in China, with two newly recorded species
	Yao Junli,Cornelis van Achterberg,Chen Jiahua
	Agronomy 30 May 2016
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	Abstract:Cratospila F?rster is a small genus in Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae). Two species of the genus Cratospila Foerster (C. tricolor Telenga and C. neocirce Wharton) are newly reported from China and a key to the Chinese species is given. The Nearctic C. neocirce Wharton 1980, is reported for the first time from the Palaearctic Region.
	TO cite this article:Yao Junli,Cornelis van Achterberg,Chen Jiahua. The genus Cratospila Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) in China, with two newly recorded species[OL].[30 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4692915


	7. Volatile profiling of two local pears with rich aroma for white pear aroma improvement breeding
	YI Xingkai,LIU Guofeng,WEI Shu
	Agronomy 28 May 2016
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	Abstract:Volatile profiles of two local cultivars with substantial aroma grown in Anhui, China, 'Xiang-Mian Li' (XML) and 'Mu-Tou Su' (MTS), were compared with those of control cultivars 'Dang-Shan Suli' (DSS) (Pyrus bretschneideri) and 'Nan-Guo Li' (NGL) (P. ussuriensis). Volatiles detected from the intact fruits of XML, MTS, NGL and DSS were 11, 14, 7 and 25, respectively; the rank of their total odor active values was NGL>XML>MTS>DSS. Ethyl hexanoate was the most abundant and odor active compound for XML, MTS and NGL. Substantial amounts of alcohols were found in homogenized flesh of XML and MTS. Multivariate analysis identified ethyl hexanoate and diethylene glycol as the most important contributors to the volatile profile variance in intact fruit and pulp. Our data suggested that the aroma of XML was more intense than MTS and it has high potential for Chinese white pear aroma improvement to maintaining its typical characteristics.
	TO cite this article:YI Xingkai,LIU Guofeng,WEI Shu. Volatile profiling of two local pears with rich aroma for white pear aroma improvement breeding[OL].[28 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4692153


	8. Comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleracea
	REN Jie,LIU Zhiyong,TAN Chong,ZHANG Yun,FENG Hui
	Agronomy 20 May 2016
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	Abstract:Background: Anthocyanins are water-soluble natural pigments that are widely distributed in plants. Numerous studies of these flavonoids, which play many important physiological roles, have been performed in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, no previous studies have focused on anthocyanin biosynthetic pathways in Brassica oleracea. We therefore performed a comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in B. oleracea and A. thaliana to explore this pathway in B. oleracea. Results: B. oleracea contains 113 anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, which are orthologs of 62 AtABGs. More than one copy of these genes are present in B. oleracea compared to A. thaliana. Whole genome duplication and tandem duplication have affected these structural and regulatory genes in B. oleracea. More structural genes encode proteins that function upstream of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway than downstream. Conclusions: This systematic study of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in B. oleracea will help elucidate the genetic mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in B. oleracea and perhaps plants in general. The results may also be useful for breeding high-anthocyanin plants. Results: B. oleracea contains 113 anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, which are orthologs of 62 AtABGs. More than one copy of these genes are present in B. oleracea compared to A. thaliana. Whole genome duplication and tandem duplication have affected these structural and regulatory genes in B. oleracea. More structural genes encode proteins that function upstream of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway than downstream. Conclusions: This systematic study of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in B. oleracea will help elucidate the genetic mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in B. oleracea and perhaps plants in general. The results may also be useful for breeding high-anthocyanin plants.
	TO cite this article:REN Jie,LIU Zhiyong,TAN Chong, et al. Comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleracea[OL].[20 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4688557


	9. A portable system for rapid detection of heavy metal ions in soil
	Wang Hui,Zhao Guo,Wang Zhiqiang,Liu Gang
	Agronomy 20 May 2016
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	Abstract:In this paper, a portable system based on electrochemical theory, ultrasonic extraction and microelectronic technology for rapid detection of heavy metal ions in soil was designed and manufactured. This system mainly combined with three parts. The heavy metal ions in soil were extracted by the ultrasonic-assistant extraction. The detection instrument is made up of the PC software and hardware circuit, which the major function was sending commands and parameters to the hardware, receiving the data, and analysis and quantitative calculation. Traditional three-electrode system, a Bi/GCE as working electrode, a Ag/AgCl electrode as reference electrode and a platinum column as auxiliary electrode, was used, which exhibited a quite good detecting effectiveness by means of electrochemical square wave anodic stripping voltammetry(SWASV). The experimental parameters were optimized. Using this system, the linear range was from 0.5 to 30 μg/L for Cd(II)and 0.5 to 40 μg/L for Pb(II). Finally, The developed system was further applied to the determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in real soil analysis with satisfactory results.
	TO cite this article:Wang Hui,Zhao Guo,Wang Zhiqiang, et al. A portable system for rapid detection of heavy metal ions in soil[OL].[20 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4691699


	10. Comparative transcriptome analysis of a female-sterile mutant (fsm) in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis)
	HUANG Shengnan,LIU Zhiyong,LI Chengyu,YAO Runpeng,LI Danyang,LI Xiang,HOU Li,FENG Hui
	Agronomy 16 May 2016
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	Abstract:In this study, we identified the female-sterile mutant fsm in Chinese cabbage. This mutant, which exhibits stable inheritance, was derived from Chinese cabbage DH line 'FT' using a combination of isolated microspore culture and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. Genetic analysis indicated that the phenotype of fsm is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. Morphological observations revealed significant differences between the floral organs of fsm and wild-type line 'FT'. Parts of the pistils of fsm are smaller and shorter than those of 'FT', especially the ovary, which may directly cause the female sterility of the mutant. Comparative transcriptome analysis of 'FT' and fsm using RNA-Seq revealed a total of 1,872 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 'FT' and fsm. Of these, a number of genes involved in ovule development were identified, such as PRETTY FEW SEEDS 2 (PFS2) and Temperature-Induced Lipocalin (TIL), which were upregulated in fsm vs. 'FT'. In addition, qRT-PCR analysis of the expression patterns of 18 DEGs confirmed the accuracy of the RNA-seq data. These results shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying pistil development in Chinese cabbage.
	TO cite this article:HUANG Shengnan,LIU Zhiyong,LI Chengyu, et al. Comparative transcriptome analysis of a female-sterile mutant (fsm) in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis)[OL].[16 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4688563

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