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	1. Effect of maize-soybean intercropping and nitrogen rates on crop nitrogen and carbon uptake in upland red soil
	YANG Wenting,MIAO Jianqun,WANG Xiaowei,XU Jiancheng,LU Meijuan
	Agronomy 04 May 2017
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	Abstract:The objective of this research was to determine the effect of cropping patterns (mono maize, mono soybean and maize-soybean intercropping) and nitrogen rates (0, 75, 150, 225, 300 kg/ha) on crop biomass, nitrogen and carbon accumulation in upland red soil. The results show that: Compared with sole maize, maize dry matter yield and carbon accumulation decreased when in intercropped soybean. Also, the interaction between intercropping and nitrogen rates changed nitrogen accumulation and distribution in crop grain, straw and root. Nitrogen application significantly increased maize dry matter yield, nitrogen and carbon accumulation, but reduced those of soybean. In a conclusion, corn-soybean intercropping and nitrogen rates affected the growth of corn and soybean in upland red soil, and changed the allocations of nitrogen and carbon. Maize-soybean intercropping should be an effective and sustainable cropping system for upland red soil.
	TO cite this article:YANG Wenting,MIAO Jianqun,WANG Xiaowei, et al. Effect of maize-soybean intercropping and nitrogen rates on crop nitrogen and carbon uptake in upland red soil[OL].[ 4 May 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732613


	2. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the polyamine biosynthesis gene in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)
	WuHao,Liu Jihong
	Agronomy 28 April 2017
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	Abstract:Polyamines (PAs) are low molecular weight, aliphatic polycations found in the cells of all living organisms. And in plants, a growing number of evidences support that PAs play important roles in abiotic stresses. In this study, a total of 18 polyamine biosynthesis genes which belong to 10 kinds of different polyamine biosynthesis enzymes were isolated from the entire citrus genome and a further analysis including the chromosomal locations, phylogenetic relationships, functional annotations, promoter analysis, and gene structures were performed. Tissue specific expression of these genes was detected in root, stem, leaf, pulp, peel, and callus. The polyamine biosynthesis gene displayed various responses to exogenous polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) and ABA treatments, and were differentially altered by abiotic stresses, including cold and salt. And the change patterns of three main polyamines during cold stress in leaves and callus were characterized. The comprehensive analysis of polyamine biosynthesis gene is helpful to exploit strategies to improve plant tolerance to multiple environmental stresses.
	TO cite this article:WuHao,Liu Jihong. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the polyamine biosynthesis gene in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)[OL].[28 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4730680

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	3. The genus Cratospila Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) in China, with two newly recorded species
	Yao Junli,Cornelis van Achterberg,Chen Jiahua
	Agronomy 30 May 2016
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	Abstract:Cratospila F?rster is a small genus in Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae). Two species of the genus Cratospila Foerster (C. tricolor Telenga and C. neocirce Wharton) are newly reported from China and a key to the Chinese species is given. The Nearctic C. neocirce Wharton 1980, is reported for the first time from the Palaearctic Region.
	TO cite this article:Yao Junli,Cornelis van Achterberg,Chen Jiahua. The genus Cratospila Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) in China, with two newly recorded species[OL].[30 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4692915


	4. Characterization and function of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus-derived small RNAs generated in tolerant and susceptible tomato varieties
	BAI Miao,YANG Guoshun,LIN Runmao,CHEN Wenting,LING Jian,Mao Zhenchuan,XIE Bingyan
	Agronomy 11 May 2016
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	Abstract:Virus-tolerant plant, which allows the accumulation of virus and then generate virus-derived small RNAs (vsRNAs), valuable materials to reveal the antiviral efficiency of vsRNAs. Here, a comparison of vsRNAs in Tomato yellow leaf curl virus tolerant and in susceptible tomato varieties showed the consistent trend of vsRNAs' distribution on virus genome, which is presented as an obvious characteristic. However, the expression level of vsRNA in tolerant variety is less than that in susceptible variety. Slicing targets of vsRNA-mediated viral transcripts were investigated using parallel analysis of RNA ends, and geminivirus DNA methylation was determined by bisulfite sequencing, which uncovered that not all vsRNAs participated in viral mRNA degradation and DNA methylation. Additionally, by comparing with the expression pattern of vsRNAs, viral DNA and mRNA, we proposed the quantity of vsRNAs is corresponding to the expression level of viral mRNA, while the virus-suppression of vsRNAs is not high-efficient.
	TO cite this article:BAI Miao,YANG Guoshun,LIN Runmao, et al. Characterization and function of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus-derived small RNAs generated in tolerant and susceptible tomato varieties[OL].[11 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4687558


	5. How leaves dissipate diurnal excess energy of photosynthetic apparatus resulted from drought in the field-grown cotton
	Ya-Li Zhang,Xiao-Ping Yi,He-Sheng Yao,Hong-Hai Luo,Ling-Gou,Wang-Feng Zhang
	Agronomy 20 November 2015
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	Abstract:To clarify the diurnal balance between the light energy conversion and theCO2 assimilation capacity under the drought, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf movement and leaf micro-environment during the day time were examined in the field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and then we evaluated the partitioning of absorbed light energy and the distribution of photosynthetic electron flow. The results showed that leaf diaheliotropic movement was pronounced in all treatments, the incident PAR light and leaf temperature increased in the morning and decreased in the afternoon and drought significantly increased leaf temperature. The diurnal time course of ΦPSII decreased in the morning and increased in the afternoon, moderate drought was obviously lower than well-watered plants, but the predawn Fv/Fm showed no differences among three treatments. It means that moderate drought stress induced down-regulation of photosynthetic apparatus but not caused permanent damage of PSII. The diurnal time course of ΦNPQ showed a maximum between 14:00 and 16:00 hours, and the value was greatest in the moderate drought stressed plants. The diurnal time courses of the distribution of photosynthetic electron flow showed that the drought-induced decrease in the proportion of electron flux for photosynthetic carbon reduction was mostly compensated by the electron flux for the photorespiratory carbon oxidation and the alternative electron flux driven by Mehler-peroxidase reaction and cyclic electron transport around PSI or nitrate reduction. Therefore, we concluded that (1) active leaf diaheliotropic movement works well under drought can optimize the incident light available for photosynthetic apparatus; (2) cotton uses electron transport flux under mild drought whereas electron transport flux and regulated non-photochemical energy dissipation under moderate drought for excess light energy dissipation; (3) photosynthetic electron transport flux is insensitive to drought because of stronger alternative electron sinks in cotton.
	TO cite this article:Ya-Li Zhang,Xiao-Ping Yi,He-Sheng Yao, et al. How leaves dissipate diurnal excess energy of photosynthetic apparatus resulted from drought in the field-grown cotton[OL].[20 November 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4660445


	6. Elevation of arginine decarboxylase-dependent putrescine production enhances aluminum tolerance by decreasing aluminum retention in root cell walls of wheat
	Yu Yan,Jin Chongwei,Sun Chengliang,Wang Jinghong,Ye Yiquan,Lu Lingli,Lin Xianyong
	Agronomy 09 July 2015
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	Abstract:Aluminum (Al) stress induces putrescine (Put) accumulation in several plants and this response is proposed to alleviate Al toxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying this alleviation remain largely unknown. Here, we show that exposure to Al clearly increases Put accumulation in the roots of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L. 'Xi Aimai-1') and that this was accompanied by significant increase in the activity of arginine decarboxylase (ADC), a Put producing enzyme. Application of an ADC inhibitor (D-arginine) terminated the Al-induced Put accumulation, indicating that increased ADC activity may be responsible for the increase in Put accumulation in response to Al. The D-arginine treatment also increased the Al-induced accumulation of cell wall polysaccharides and the degree of pectin demethylation in wheat roots. Thus, it elevated Al retention in cell walls and exacerbated Al accumulation in roots, both of which aggravate Al toxicity in wheat plants. The opposite effects were true for exogenous Put application. These results suggest that ADC-dependent Put accumulation plays important roles in providing protection against Al toxicity in wheat plants through decreasing cell wall polysaccharides and increasing the degree of pectin methylation, thus decreasing Al retention in the cell walls.
	TO cite this article:Yu Yan,Jin Chongwei,Sun Chengliang, et al. Elevation of arginine decarboxylase-dependent putrescine production enhances aluminum tolerance by decreasing aluminum retention in root cell walls of wheat[J].


	7. The technical difficulties in agricultural soil survey and their solutions
	CAO Zhiping
	Agronomy 04 November 2014
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	Abstract:There are six major aspects of technical difficulties for soil quality survey: 1) accurate measurement of of soil fungal and bacterial biomass carbon; 2) rapid measurement of the number and biomass of various functional groups of soil animals; 3) castigation/revision of the physiological parameters for the soil food web model; 4) the in situ measurement of the respiratory intensity of soil biota; 5) the inter-conversions among soil organic carbon fractions measured by various physical, chemical and biological methods; 6) establishment of the soil organic carbon model driven by microbial functional groups. For the solutions, possible technical routes were proposed.
	TO cite this article:CAO Zhiping. The technical difficulties in agricultural soil survey and their solutions[OL].[ 4 November 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4616967


	8. Modeling of rapeseed at maturity stage using 3D unorganized point clouds and digital images
	CHANG Tingting,WANG Xingyu,ZHAI Ruifang
	Agronomy 15 September 2014
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	Abstract:The 3D morphological expressin of a plant is important because this is the basis for building a functinonal-structural plant model to study the relationships between the structure, its environment, and its internal biology. Creating 3D plant models is often a difficult and laborious task especially to rapeseed because of its complexity and it has not been accomplished in the traditional ways. To make it easier and more natural, the integration of digital images and 3D unorganized point clouds from a digitizer provides a promising approach for rapeseed model generation. In the present study, 3D unorganized point clouds and digital images were incorporated in the generation of complex models of rapeseeds at maturity stage. Unorganized point clouds and image sequences were taken from different viewpoints using a 3D digitizer. The 3D unorganized points and image sequences were used for the automated registration of all data sets from all the viewpoints, which is pair-wise registration. Later, all the pair-wise registration parameters were used as initial transformation parameters for multiple registrations. The next procedure generated a surface model by triangulated irregular network using all the point clouds. The capabilities of our system were demonstrated through real data sets. Meanwhile, mesurements on some parameters such as branch locations, angles, lengths were implemented and compared to the parameters obtained by manual measurements. Experimental results showed that the average normal distances between the two scans were less than 0.3 mm after simultaneous registration, which indicated that the proposed methodology is effective and efficient.
	TO cite this article:CHANG Tingting,WANG Xingyu,ZHAI Ruifang. Modeling of rapeseed at maturity stage using 3D unorganized point clouds and digital images[OL].[15 September 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4610117


	9. Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mediated mutagenesis of cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.)
	Lina Wang,Bing Zhang,Jinrui Li,Zhonghai Ren
	Agronomy 30 May 2014
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	Abstract:Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is a stable and effective chemical mutagen. In this study, cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L. cv. 'Shannong No.5' ) seeds were treated by 1% EMS for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h to optimize EMS mutagenesis and determined median lethal dose of EMS (1% EMS and 24 h) for "Shannong No.5". After treated by 1% EMS for 24 h, 541 M1 plants were grown in greenhouse for phenotype investigation. The fertility of M1 cucumbers was very low, and only 79 lines produced seeds after self crossing. 60 independent M2 families comprising 600 M2 plants were investigated for phenotypic alteration, and 11 individual mutant lines were isolated into six groups: short-fruit mutants, long-fruit mutants, small-flower mutants, big-flower mutants, opposite-tendril mutants and clustered-leaf mutants. The mutation frequency was 18.3%. Two selected representatives, short-fruit mutants and opposite-tendril mutants, showed 1 : 3 of segregation ratio in M2 populations. This ratio is consistent with classic Mendelian model, indicating that the two kinds of mutants may be controlled by a single recessive gene, respectively. Long-fruit phenotype can be inherited and no segregation was observed in M3 generation, indicating that this mutant line may be homozygous.
	TO cite this article:Lina Wang,Bing Zhang,Jinrui Li, et al. Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mediated mutagenesis of cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.)[J].


	10. Study of PxPPO1 expression in Plutella xylostella
	LU Yanli,LI Bin,JIN Minghui,XUE Chaobin
	Agronomy 19 December 2013
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	Abstract:Insect prophenoloxidase (PPO) is a copper-containing enzyme, playing an important role in immunity reaction. In this paper, the expression of PxPPO1 at different life stages were investigated, Semi-quantitative PCR and Real-time quantitative PCR indicated that the highest amount of PxPPO1 transcripts in eggs and the 4th instar larvae, followed by the 2nd, the 3rd instar larvae, prepupae and pupa. The ORF of PxPPO1 was cloned and inserted into pET-30a prokaryotic expression vector, the recombinant proteins was expressed in Escherichia coli, and was confirmed with an 83 kDa visible, but insoluble protein.
	TO cite this article:LU Yanli,LI Bin,JIN Minghui, et al. Study of PxPPO1 expression in Plutella xylostella[OL].[19 December 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4575162

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