Abstract:Hailstorm might damage cotton plants severely and cause heavy economic loss in field production. It occurred often in Yellow River Basin Cotton Region and Northwest Inland Cotton Area in China. In 2015 and 2016, there were three times\' hailstorm damaged our field experiments of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Hebei Province during seedling and bud periods. To reduce losses, we started the study to evaluate the damage effects of hailstone on plant architecture, and performed serials strategies to recover the plants and to rescue the experiments. Based on evaluating the hailstone damage, we fertilized 112.50 kg/ha Urea fertilizer (N content ≥ 46.4%) and intertilled the field timely. The recovery of plant individuals sprouted new buds and many new leaves after 12 DAH. Then the unnecessary shoots were pruned to adjust the development of fruit branches. Normally three new sympodia branches (NSB) in the major stem were reserved and eight subsequent emerging boll branches (EBB) in cotton plants. Five accessions with varied recovery ability and different yield potential were sampled to compare the yield and quality after hail damage. Among them, Sumian 20, 11-0710 and 11-0516 increased, while the other two accessions decreased relative to the normal production without hail damage. BC and RIL populations of upland cotton were used to evaluate the damage ratio of yield and quality, which resulted in yield loss ranged 13.45%-20.27%. Fiber length, fibre elongation, fibre uniformity, and fiber strength decreased slightly in the five accessions and two populations. These results proved that the cotton plants can compensate by proper field managements, and remedial output could be obtained after hail damage.

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	1. Recovery Measures and Field Management Strategies After Hailstone Damage in Upland Cotton
	NIE Hushuai#,SU Ying#,LI Le,DAI Maohua,WANG Dingwei,SU Beibei,XIAO Feng,HUA Jinping
	Agronomy 19 November 2021
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	Abstract:Hailstorm might damage cotton plants severely and cause heavy economic loss in field production. It occurred often in Yellow River Basin Cotton Region and Northwest Inland Cotton Area in China. In 2015 and 2016, there were three times\' hailstorm damaged our field experiments of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Hebei Province during seedling and bud periods. To reduce losses, we started the study to evaluate the damage effects of hailstone on plant architecture, and performed serials strategies to recover the plants and to rescue the experiments. Based on evaluating the hailstone damage, we fertilized 112.50 kg/ha Urea fertilizer (N content ≥ 46.4%) and intertilled the field timely. The recovery of plant individuals sprouted new buds and many new leaves after 12 DAH. Then the unnecessary shoots were pruned to adjust the development of fruit branches. Normally three new sympodia branches (NSB) in the major stem were reserved and eight subsequent emerging boll branches (EBB) in cotton plants. Five accessions with varied recovery ability and different yield potential were sampled to compare the yield and quality after hail damage. Among them, Sumian 20, 11-0710 and 11-0516 increased, while the other two accessions decreased relative to the normal production without hail damage. BC and RIL populations of upland cotton were used to evaluate the damage ratio of yield and quality, which resulted in yield loss ranged 13.45%-20.27%. Fiber length, fibre elongation, fibre uniformity, and fiber strength decreased slightly in the five accessions and two populations. These results proved that the cotton plants can compensate by proper field managements, and remedial output could be obtained after hail damage.
	TO cite this article:NIE Hushuai#,SU Ying#,LI Le, et al. Recovery Measures and Field Management Strategies After Hailstone Damage in Upland Cotton[OL].[19 November 2021] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4755796


	2. A portable system for rapid detection of heavy metal ions in soil
	Wang Hui,Zhao Guo,Wang Zhiqiang,Liu Gang
	Agronomy 20 May 2016
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	Abstract:In this paper, a portable system based on electrochemical theory, ultrasonic extraction and microelectronic technology for rapid detection of heavy metal ions in soil was designed and manufactured. This system mainly combined with three parts. The heavy metal ions in soil were extracted by the ultrasonic-assistant extraction. The detection instrument is made up of the PC software and hardware circuit, which the major function was sending commands and parameters to the hardware, receiving the data, and analysis and quantitative calculation. Traditional three-electrode system, a Bi/GCE as working electrode, a Ag/AgCl electrode as reference electrode and a platinum column as auxiliary electrode, was used, which exhibited a quite good detecting effectiveness by means of electrochemical square wave anodic stripping voltammetry(SWASV). The experimental parameters were optimized. Using this system, the linear range was from 0.5 to 30 μg/L for Cd(II)and 0.5 to 40 μg/L for Pb(II). Finally, The developed system was further applied to the determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in real soil analysis with satisfactory results.
	TO cite this article:Wang Hui,Zhao Guo,Wang Zhiqiang, et al. A portable system for rapid detection of heavy metal ions in soil[OL].[20 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4691699

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	3. A novel strategy to enhance resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus in tomato by grafting to transgenic rootstocks
	BAI Miao,CHEN Wenting,XIE Bingyan,YANG Guoshun
	Agronomy 11 May 2016
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	Abstract:Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) can infect a wide range of host species. For the lacking of CMV-resistant varieties of tomato, RNA interference can be used as a fast and effective method for the generation of transgenic resistant varieties. In this current study, five intron-spliced hairpin RNA (ihpRNA) plant expression vectors aim at five genes of CMV has been constructed. Transgenic tomatoes were obtained by Agrobacterium mediated transformation with expression vectors. Highly resistant generations of transgenic plants were employed as rootstocks and grafted onto non-transgenic tomatoes that resulted in the successful transfer of resistance to the scions. Using a novel method of plant cuttings for rootstock propagation, we obtained large quantities of disease-resistant material. Further, this method produces scions that can remain undetectable for transgenic resistance marker genes that may provide novel approaches to evade collective concerns about genetically-modified organism (GMO) biosafety.
	TO cite this article:BAI Miao,CHEN Wenting,XIE Bingyan, et al. A novel strategy to enhance resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus in tomato by grafting to transgenic rootstocks[OL].[11 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4687477


	4. Identification of different cytoplasms based on newly developed mitotype-specific markers for marker-assisted selection breeding in cultivated Brassica napus
	HENG Shuangping,CHEN Fengyi,YANG Zonghui,HU Kaining,WEI Chao,WEN Jing,YI Bing,MA Chaozhi,TU Jinxing,SI Ping,FU Tingdong,SHEN Jinxiong
	Agronomy 30 September 2015
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	Abstract:Mitotype-specific markers have been developed in order to distinguish among different mitotypes in plant. Here, we comparatively analyzed six sequenced mitochondrial genomes that are studied in Brassica napus and identified the collinear blocks and mitotype-specific sequences (MSSs) of these mitochondrial genomes. The collinear relationship between mitochondrial genomes of nap, cam, and pol cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines were higher than those of other lines. After comparative analysis of the six sequenced mitochondrial genomes (cam, nap, ole, pol CMS, ogu CMS, and hau CMS), 90 MSSs with sizes ranging from 101 to 9981 bp and a total length of 103,756 bp (accounting for 6.77% of the mitochondrial genome sequences) were identified. Additionally, 12 mitotype-specific markers were developed based on the mitochondrial genome specific sequences in order to distinguish among these different mitotypes. Cytoplasms of 570 different inbred lines collected from various scientific research institutes in China were identified using the MSS markers developed in our study. In addition to confirming the accuracy of the cytoplasmic identification, we also identified mitotypes that have not been reported in Brassica napus. Our study may provide guidance for the classification of different mitotypes in B. napus breeding.
	TO cite this article:HENG Shuangping,CHEN Fengyi,YANG Zonghui, et al. Identification of different cytoplasms based on newly developed mitotype-specific markers for marker-assisted selection breeding in cultivated Brassica napus[OL].[30 September 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4656522


	5. Temporary inhibition of station-keeping response to light in migratory rice planthoppers
	Hai-Bo YANG,Gao HU,Fan FANG,Baoping ZHAI
	Agronomy 07 March 2015
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	Abstract:This study aims to determine whether or not migratory rice planthoppers [Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) and Nilaparvata lugens] temporarily inhibit their station-keeping response to light during migration and to elucidate whether or not these insects respond to light traps located in their native habitat. Results of mark-release-recapture experiments revealed that the overall recapture rate was very low (0.028%) and that almost all emigrating macropterous adults did not respond to local light traps. The population dynamics of planthoppers under light traps were not synchronous with that in paddy fields. The peaks of planthoppers caught by light traps appeared when the low-level wind jets at 850 hPa isobaric surfaces, and these catches were almost immigrants from distant places. The macropterous planthopper adults in the field can be passively dispersed when their take-off was suppressed by precipitation and then would respond to light traps at night. These results show that migrating planthoppers are not distracted by light traps in their native habitat. This study provided interpretation for the definition of migratory behaviour.
	TO cite this article:Hai-Bo YANG,Gao HU,Fan FANG, et al. Temporary inhibition of station-keeping response to light in migratory rice planthoppers[OL].[ 7 March 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4633549


	6. Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of 48 Potato Onion (Allium cepa var. aggregatum Don.) Germplasms Using SSR and AFLP markers
	JIN Xue,WU Fengzhi
	Agronomy 09 February 2014
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	Abstract:Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were used to detect the genetic diversity of 48 potato onion germplasms from Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces in China. Twenty three SSR primers with rich polymorphism, stable amplification and good repeatability were screened from one hundred and one SSR primers. With these screened primers, 116 bands were identified, of which 66 bands were polymorphic. The genetic similarity was estimated with the Nei-Li coefficient, and results showed that the genetic similarity coefficients of 48 potato onion germplasms ranged from 0.61 to 0.91. Ten AFLP primers with rich polymorphism, stable amplification and good repeatability were screened from sixty four AFLP primers. With these screened primers, 470 bands were identified, of which 288 bands were polymorphic. The genetic similarity was estimated with the Nei-Li coefficient, and results showed that the genetic similarity coefficients of 48 potato onion germplasms ranged from 0.59 to 0.95. The clustering results of SSR and AFLP markers were basically identical, and both methods showed that the cluster results of potato onion obviously correlated with their geographic origins.
	TO cite this article:JIN Xue,WU Fengzhi. Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of 48 Potato Onion (Allium cepa var. aggregatum Don.) Germplasms Using SSR and AFLP markers[OL].[ 9 February 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4583988


	7. Revision of a common erythroneurine pest occurring on peach trees in China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)
	CAO Yanghui,ZHANG Yalin
	Agronomy 22 July 2013
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	Abstract:A common leafhopper pest on peach trees, Táoyīdiǎnyèchán (桃一点叶蝉), has previously been misidentified as Erythroneura sudra (Distant, 1908). The correct identification is here shown to be Singapora shinshana (Matsumura, 1932) based on available descriptions, illustrations and records of distribution and host plants. Habitus photos and illustrations of the male genitalia for both species are provided for comparison.
	TO cite this article:CAO Yanghui,ZHANG Yalin. Revision of a common erythroneurine pest occurring on peach trees in China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)[OL].[22 July 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4552933


	8. Identification of differentially expressed genes in 72 h styles from self-incompatible Citrus reticulata
	Miao Hongxia,Ye Zixing,Hu Guibing,Qin Yonghua
	Agronomy 18 July 2013
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	Abstract:Self-incompatibility (SI) is one important factor that can result in seedless fruits of Citrus. Our previous study showed that 'Wuzishatangju' mandarin was gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) and 72 h was the crucial stage for the shift from a self-compatible to a self-incompatible state. However, it is not clear what genes are involved in the process. In this study, two SSH libraries were constructed to screen differentially expressed genes using 72 h styles after self-pollination of 'Wuzishatangju' and cross-pollination of 'Wuzishatangju' × 'Shatangju'. 106 and 97 differentially expressed cDNA clones were sequenced and identified from forward and reverse SSH libraries, respectively. Differentially expressed ESTs are possibly involved in the SI reaction of 'Wuzishatangju' through S-phase kinase-associated protein1 (SKP1)-like activity, autoinhibited Ca2+-ATPase 1, U-box domain protein, and serine/threonine kinase. Results from quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) showed that SKP1-like and U-box were obviously up-regulated in ovaries before pollination of 'Wuzishatangju', and approximately 20-and 2-fold higher than that of 'Shatangju', respectively. The SKP1-like and U-box were obviously up-regulated in pistils at 4 d after self-pollination of 'Wuzishatangju', and approximately 20-and 800-fold higher than that the same stage after cross-pollination of 'Wuzishatangju' × 'Shatangju', respectively. The potential involvement of these genes in the SI reaction is discussed.
	TO cite this article:Miao Hongxia,Ye Zixing,Hu Guibing, et al. Identification of differentially expressed genes in 72 h styles from self-incompatible Citrus reticulata[J].


	9. The complete mitochondrial genome of Gynaephora menyuanensis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
	YUAN Minglong,ZHANG Qilin
	Agronomy 24 February 2013
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	Abstract:We sequenced and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Gynaephora menyuanensis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), which is a major pest in alpine meadows and endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. This mitogenome is 15,770 bp in length with an A+T content of 81.48%, and contains 37 typical animal mitochondrial genes that are arranged in the same order as that of other lepidopteran species. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) start with a typical ATN codon, with the exception of cox1, which begins with CGA. Eleven PCGs stop with termination codon TAA, whereas cox2 and nad4 have single T as the incomplete stop codon. All of the 22 transfer RNA genes present the typical clover leaf secondary structure. The A+T-rich region is located between rrnS and trnM with a length of 449 bp, and contains a 19 bp poly-T stretch as found in other lepidopteran mitogenomes. This is the second completely sequenced mitogenome from the family Lymantriidae of Lepidoptera, providing important molecular information to phylogenetic and population genetic researches.
	TO cite this article:YUAN Minglong,ZHANG Qilin. The complete mitochondrial genome of Gynaephora menyuanensis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J].


	10. Effects of ArbuscularMycorrhizalFungal Inoculation and Phosphorous Addition on Maize Photosynthesis and Growth in AReclaimed Soil of Mining Area
	HAO Xianjun,Zhang Tiequan,HONG Jianping
	Agronomy 10 January 2013
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	Abstract:Phytoremediation of the mining disturbed land has been a challenge due mostly to the low bioavailability of soil indigenous phosphorus (P), low water retention capacity and the low fertilizer P use efficiency in arid and semiarid regions. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has been shown to increase crop P uptake. However, inoculation effectiveness and responses of maize in the remediation of mining disturbed soils are unknown. In addition, the quantitative relationship between amendment of fertilizer P and photosynthesis and growth parameters are scarce. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of AMF (Glomus Mosseae) inoculation and fertilizer P addition on and to quantify the relationship with leaf photosynthesis and growth of maize. Root colonization, photosynthesis, water use efficiency and growth parameters of maize were either linearly or quadratically related to fertilizer P rate. Root colonization and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of maize were estimated to obtain maximum value at 73 and 80 mg kg-1 P rate in rehabilitated mining area regardless of inoculation of AMF, while maize dry mass inoculated with AMF will attain maximum at 75 mg kg-1 P rate. Inoculation with AMF decreased the influence of fertilizer P to the above mentioned parameters. In addition, at the range of 0-100 mg kg-1 P rate inoculation with AMF significantly increased by 12.2 % on Pn, 21.9 % on leaf area, 31.7 % on shoot dry mass and 44.3 % on P use efficiency, while decreased 26.4 % on Tr and 28.9 % on Ci, related to NAMF. Inoculation of AMF had no effects on plant height. In conclusion, aforementioned parameters were dependent of fertilizer P amendment in P-deficiency rehabilitated mining area. Inoculation with G. Mosseae and applying of fertilizer P informed symbiosis and increased photosynthesis and growth of maize. The results are practically significance for the phytoremediation program of rehabilitated mining areas once validated under field conditions.
	TO cite this article:HAO Xianjun,Zhang Tiequan,HONG Jianping. Effects of ArbuscularMycorrhizalFungal Inoculation and Phosphorous Addition on Maize Photosynthesis and Growth in AReclaimed Soil of Mining Area[OL].[10 January 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4509184

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