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Sponsored by the Center for Science and Technology Development of the Ministry of Education
Supervised by Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
Abstract:Tibial Dyschondroplasia (TD) is an important leg problem in fast growing birds that disturbs the proximal growth plate; First time study was conduct to evaluate effect of Gambogic acid (GA) on Hsp90 expression and antioxidant capability in thiram induced Tibial dyschondroplasia. One hundred and fifty commercial chicks were distributed into three groups: Control (A), Thiram induced (B) and GA treated (C). Samples were collected at day 7 & 14 at end of experiment liver samples were collected to determine content of antioxidant enzymes. The results demonstrated that Hsp90 were highly expressed significantly (P>0.05) in thiram induced chicks that contributing to the development of TD and decrease in antioxidant capacity of liver. GA administration down regulated Hsp90 expressions levels and restore antioxidant capacity of liver significantly (P>0.05). In conclusion, GA return growth plate vascularization in TD affected chicks; it provides new clinical usage and protective role of this promising agent against TD.
TO cite this article:LI Jiakui,HUANG Shucheng. Gambogic Acid Inhibit Hsp90 Expression and Restored growth plate in Thiram Induced Tibial Dyschondroplasia[OL].[27 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4694094
Abstract:Numerous neutral lipids were stored in cytoplasm of porcine oocytes in the form of lipid droplets (LDs). These LDs play an important role in vitro maturation and embryo development. Reconstructed embryos with different lipids were performed in present study to establish a model for study of LDs. Three groups of reconstructed embryos were obtained by hand-made cloning (HMC) and delipation: W-L: whole LDs in embryos; H-L: half LDs in embryos; R-L: removed LDs in embryos. After chemical activation (0h), reconstructed embryos were cultured in WOWs system for 6 days. The in vitro developmental competence of the three kinds of reconstructed was assessed. Results showed that: each kind of these three groups of embryos can develop to blastocyst stage. Therefore, the embryos with other content of LDs can be reconstructed in future studies. Then, the H-L group embryos, which as a model to study the roles of LDs and mitochondria in early development of embryos, were composed of three parts: a half normal oocyte (stained by MitoTracker Red CMXRos before bisecting) without nucleus, a half of delipated oocyte without nucleus and a donor cell. Following, 1-cell (12h), 2-cell (24h), 4-cell (36h) and blastocyst (144h) were collected to observe the distribution of LDs and mitochondria. The results showed that LDs and mitochondria were successfully tracked from 1-cell to blastocyst stage. Both LDs and mitochondria were only visible in normal cytoplasm at 1-cell stage. At 2-cell stage, mitochondria were uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm in 28% of the total number. But the LDs still not evenly distributed. However, both LDs and mitochondria were dispersed fully at 4-cell and blastocyst stage. In conclusion, reconstructed embryos with different lipids were appropriate models for lipids study, as well as investigate the interaction among lipids, mitochondria and other organelles. ?????
Abstract:In order to investigate the expression levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and its receptors (TrkA and p75) in the prehierarchical follicle and oviducts of hens, five 130-day-old laying hens were examined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR analyses. NGF and its receptors were expressed in the theca cells and granulosa cells of prehierarchical follicles, and they also expressed in the epithelial cells of oviducts. The expressions of NGF mRNA were discrepant in different parts of the prehierarchical follicle and oviducts. The expression of NGF and p75 mRNA levels in large white follicle (LWF) were high, as well as TrkA in small yellow follicle (SYF). In oviduct, the expression of NGF is highest in infundibulum but lowest in magnum. These results suggest that NGF may play an important role in the regulation of reproduction in hens.
TO cite this article:PU Shaoxia,QU Changwei,LI Chunmei. Expression of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), and Its Receptors TrkA and p75 in the Reproductive Organs of Laying Hens[OL].[10 July 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4603982
Abstract:Forty-four transition Holstein cows were blocked by parity and expected calving date, and allocated to four treatments with a randomized complete block design to evaluate the effects of feeding glycerol-enriched yeast product (GYP) to transition dairy cow on lactation performance, blood metabolites, and rumen fermentation. Treatments were as follows: control (no additive), 2 L/d GYP (75.8 g/L glycerol and 15.3 g/L yeast), 150 g/d glycerol (G, 0.998 g/g glycerol), and 1 L/d yeast culture (Y, 31.1 g/L yeast). All additives were topdressed and hand-mixed into the upper one-third of total mixed ration in the morning feeding from -14 to +28 day relative to calving. Results indicated that dry matter intake, changes in body weights and body condition scores, as well as milk yield were not affected by treatments. However, cows fed GYP and Y had higher milk fat and milk protein percentages than control cows (P < 0.05). Compared with control, feeding GYP and G to cows increased the concentration of plasma glucose coupled with decreased concentrations of plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate acid and nonesterified fatty acid (P < 0.05). Additionally in ruminal parameters on 14 d postpartum, cows fed GYP and Y had higher total volatile fatty acids, and cows fed GYP and G had higher molar proportions of propionate than control cows (P < 0.05). In conclusion, GYP is a feasible feed additive of transition dairy cows, which can improve energy status and lactation performance and rumen fermentation via the effects of glycerol and yeast, respectively.
TO cite this article:Ye Gengping,Liu Jin,Che Chaoping, et al. Effects of feeding glycerol-enriched yeast product to transition dairy cow on lactation performance, blood metabolites, and rumen fermentation[OL].[ 4 May 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4595599
Abstract:In this paper, the first description of neurological symptoms in patients with fluorosis has hinted the neurotoxic potential of fluoride. The increasing number of epidemiological studies on fluoride neurotoxicity, especially on children's intelligence, provided evidence for the link between fluoride exposure and nervous system impairment. Meanwhile, the animal behavioral tests by various methods showed that fluoride not only affected spontaneous behaviors, but also impaired the learning and memory ability. Fluoride detected in brain indicated its ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Accumulation of fluoride in brain resulted in biochemical and functional changes in the nervous system. In order to present the understanding process of fluoride neurotoxicity, this review summarize investigations from our and others groups which mainly focus on the effect of fluoride on the nervous system.
Abstract:Duck circovirus (DuCV) is a contagious immunosuppressive virus affecting many duck species, which is responsible for multiple outbreaks in poultry industries worldwide. In this study, the first DuCV isolate GH01 was identified in Sichuan by PCR, which shared a high level of nucleotide identity (81.8-99.4%) with sequences of other DuCV isolates available in GenBank. Comparative phylogenetic and pairwise sequence comparisons analyses indicated that DuCV could be divided into two genotypes (DuCV-1 and DuCV-2) and six subtypes (1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b and 2c) based on the complete genome sequence. The results revealed that both DuCV-1 and DuCV-2 had evolved from the same ancestor but undergone divergent evolution. Interestingly, phylogenetic analyses indicated three isolates were classified into a cluster using complete DuCV genome sequence and cap gene, except rep gene. Recombination analyses revealed that DuCV-2a arose from recombination between DuCV-1a and DuCV-2c isolates within the rep genes, and the recombination events mainly occur both in non-structural protein coding region and structural protein coding region. In addition, the mechanisms of recombination supporting the genetic variability in DuCV isolates were investigated. Likewise, selective pressure indicated purifying selection had been a major driving force in maintaining diversity among the DuCV isolates. Because eradicating the virus from commercial ducks is impossible, it is necessary to take effective control measures and implement them throughout the world.
TO cite this article:ZHANG Zhilong,JIA Renyong,LU Yanyan, et al. Identification, genotyping, and molecular evolution analysis of duck circovirus[OL].[25 June 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4549443
Abstract:This study aimed to observe the effect of apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) on the gene expression of insulin-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy c-Myc in a chick embryo cardiomyocyte culture. Method: Chick embryo cardiomyocytes were acquired from 9- to 11-day-old chick myocardial tissue, and then treated with collagenase II digestion and induced with hypertrophy by insulin. The diameter and surface area of the cardiomyocytes were measured as hypertrophy indicators. Recombinant PEGFP-N1/ARC plasmid was obtained and transfected into the chick embryo cardiomyocytes. The expression of the proto-oncogene c-Myc mRNA and protein in the cardiomyocytes was detected by real time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Result: Treatment with insulin (10-7 mol/L) lasted for 48 h. After treatment, the cardiomyocyte diameter (17.66 ± 1.346 μm) significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared with the control group (15.57 ± 1.803 μm). The cardiomyocyte surface area (283.8 ± 62.8 μm2) significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared with the control group (231.0 ± 148.3 μm2). The expression of both c-Myc mRNA and protein increased (P < 0.05) after insulin addition. After the transformation of PEGFP-N1/ARC, the action of insulin was affected, the c-Myc mRNA and protein expression levels decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ARC can inhibit insulin-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, which may related to the inhibition of expression of the proto-oncogene c-Myc.
TO cite this article:Jing Zhao,Shijin Yang,Zhaofang Xi, et al. Effect of Apoptosis Repressor with Caspase Recruitment Domain on the Gene Expression of Insulin-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy c-Myc in Broiler[OL].[29 March 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4533533
Abstract:Deer antlers are the only mammalian appendages to display annual cycle of full regeneration. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of antler regeneration. Our previous study has demonstrated that parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) can promote proliferation of antler chondrocytes and inhibit its differentiation. But the mechanism underlying such regulation is not fully understood. The present study aimed to determine the role of PTHrP on the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13) in the antler chondrocytes. The possible pathways that transduce PTHrP effects were also investigated in the cells. The in situ hybridization results showed that MMP13 were mainly localized in the dermal fibroblasts, perichondrium and cartilage in the sika deer antler, of which MMP13 were highly expressed in the antler chondrocytes. Exogenous PTHrP could inhibit the expressions of MMP13 in the antler chondrocytes. The inhibitory effect of PTHrP on MMP13 was eliminated by P38MAPK inhibitor SB203850 and PKC inhibitor GF109203X. These results suggest that PTHrP can inhibit MMP13 expression by p38MAPK and PKC signaling pathways in the antler chondrocytes, thus PTHrP is involved in the control of antler chondrocytes maturation and cartilage matrix degradation.
Abstract:In this paper, the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) were used to determine the taxonomic status of ascarids from eight species of captive wild mammals (Ailuropoda melanoleuca, Ailurus fulgens,Ursus maritimus, Ursus arctos pruinosus, Ursus thibetanus mupinensis,Ursus arctos lasiotus,Pan troglodytes and Hylobates hoolock). Phylogenetic relationships were inferred by three methods (NJ/MP/ML) based on ND1 sequences. The alternative trees revealed that these roundworms were gathered together, suggested the ascarid nematodes from A. melanoleuca, A. fulgens and four species of bears belong to Baylisascaris,while worms from Pan troglodytes and Hylobates hoolock belong to Ascaris. The results supported the view that the roundworm from giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) was named as Baylisascaris schroederi, and proposed that roundworm from red panda (Ailurus fulgens) should be designated to Baylisascaris ailuri.
TO cite this article:HE Guangzhi,NIU Lili,WANG Tao, et al. Molecular phylogenetic studies on ascarid nematodes from Ailuropoda melanoleuca and seven other species of captive wild mammals based on ND1 genes[OL].[28 December 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4509210
Abstract:Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite infecting a large variety of domestic and wild animals and human beings. Rhoptries are major players in T. gondii invasion and host cell interaction, and have been implicated as important virulence factors. In this study, we constructed a DNA vaccine expressing rhoptry protein 18 (ROP18) of T. gondii, and evaluated the immune response it induced in Kunming mice. The gene sequence encoding ROP18 was inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX I. We immunized Kunming mice intramuscularly. After immunization, we evaluated the immune response using lymphoproliferative assay, cytokine and antibody measurements, and the survival times of mice challenged lethally. The results showed that the group immunized with pVAX-ROP18 developed a high level of specific antibody responses against T. gondii ROP18 expressed in E. coli, a strong lymphoproliferative response, and significant levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 production, compared with the other groups immunized with either empty plasmid or phosphate-buffered saline, respectively. These results demonstrate that pVAX-ROP18 induces significant humoral and cellular Th1 immune responses. After lethal challenge, the mice immunized with the pVAX-ROP18 showed a significantly increased survival time (27.9±15.1 days) compared with control mice which died within 7 days of challenge. Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that ROP18 triggered a strong humoral and cellular response against T. gondii, and that the antigen is a promising vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis, worth further development.
TO cite this article:YUAN Ziguo,ZHANG Xiuxiang,LIN Ruiqing, et al. Protection immunity of Toxoplasma gondii rhoptry protein 18 (ROP18) in mice[OL].[18 December 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4506047
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