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	1. How leaves dissipate diurnal excess energy of photosynthetic apparatus resulted from drought in the field-grown cotton
	Ya-Li Zhang,Xiao-Ping Yi,He-Sheng Yao,Hong-Hai Luo,Ling-Gou,Wang-Feng Zhang
	Agronomy 20 November 2015
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	Abstract:To clarify the diurnal balance between the light energy conversion and theCO2 assimilation capacity under the drought, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf movement and leaf micro-environment during the day time were examined in the field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and then we evaluated the partitioning of absorbed light energy and the distribution of photosynthetic electron flow. The results showed that leaf diaheliotropic movement was pronounced in all treatments, the incident PAR light and leaf temperature increased in the morning and decreased in the afternoon and drought significantly increased leaf temperature. The diurnal time course of ΦPSII decreased in the morning and increased in the afternoon, moderate drought was obviously lower than well-watered plants, but the predawn Fv/Fm showed no differences among three treatments. It means that moderate drought stress induced down-regulation of photosynthetic apparatus but not caused permanent damage of PSII. The diurnal time course of ΦNPQ showed a maximum between 14:00 and 16:00 hours, and the value was greatest in the moderate drought stressed plants. The diurnal time courses of the distribution of photosynthetic electron flow showed that the drought-induced decrease in the proportion of electron flux for photosynthetic carbon reduction was mostly compensated by the electron flux for the photorespiratory carbon oxidation and the alternative electron flux driven by Mehler-peroxidase reaction and cyclic electron transport around PSI or nitrate reduction. Therefore, we concluded that (1) active leaf diaheliotropic movement works well under drought can optimize the incident light available for photosynthetic apparatus; (2) cotton uses electron transport flux under mild drought whereas electron transport flux and regulated non-photochemical energy dissipation under moderate drought for excess light energy dissipation; (3) photosynthetic electron transport flux is insensitive to drought because of stronger alternative electron sinks in cotton.
	TO cite this article:Ya-Li Zhang,Xiao-Ping Yi,He-Sheng Yao, et al. How leaves dissipate diurnal excess energy of photosynthetic apparatus resulted from drought in the field-grown cotton[OL].[20 November 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4660445


	2. Synergistic relationships between rice landrace and soil microbial diversity in the Yuanyang terraces of Yunnan Province (P.R. China)
	Yang Genhua,Fang Fei,He Xiahong,Yang Jing,Liu Ling,Su Youbo,Bao Wenjing,Michael A. Fullen,Li Chengyun
	Agronomy 10 November 2015
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	Abstract:Microbial communities are critical for the stability and productivity of agro-ecosystems. Understanding the diversity, dynamics and functions of soil microbial populations is essential to improve agricultural productivity. Using Biolog-Eco technology, we studied relationships between rice varieties and the diversity of soil microbial communities in the Yuanyang rice terrace system OF Yunnan Province, China. Soil samples were collected at pre-transplantation and post-harvest of rice. Results showed that: 1) before transplanting rice, the Shannon and McIntosh indices of soil microbial communities did not differ significantly in fields planted with landraces and modern varieties, but significantly differed after one production season; 2) years of continuous cultivation of landraces resulted in high soil microbial background diversity values, and further improved the positive impact of landraces on soil microbial populations; 3) rice cultivation enhanced the ability of soil microbes to metabolize carbon; and 4) long-term cultivation of rice landraces was more effectively increase the microbe diversity and soil organic matter (SOM) than modern varieties. Grain yield and straw biomass of landraces exhibited less variation with altitude, which implied positive effects of soil microbial community on rice productivity. These results suggest that these rice landraces had better synergistic relationships with soil microbes, increase the diversity and keep the balance of organic materials in the field. Results imply that rice landraces have better synergistic relationships with local soil microbes, and soil microbial populations, as integral components of the terrace system, play crucial roles in the effective conservation of natural resources and thus contribute to sustainable development.
	TO cite this article:Yang Genhua,Fang Fei,He Xiahong, et al. Synergistic relationships between rice landrace and soil microbial diversity in the Yuanyang terraces of Yunnan Province (P.R. China)[OL].[10 November 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4660962


	3. Identification of different cytoplasms based on newly developed mitotype-specific markers for marker-assisted selection breeding in cultivated Brassica napus
	HENG Shuangping,CHEN Fengyi,YANG Zonghui,HU Kaining,WEI Chao,WEN Jing,YI Bing,MA Chaozhi,TU Jinxing,SI Ping,FU Tingdong,SHEN Jinxiong
	Agronomy 30 September 2015
	Show/Hide Abstract \| Cite this paper︱Full-text: PDF (4K B)

	Abstract:Mitotype-specific markers have been developed in order to distinguish among different mitotypes in plant. Here, we comparatively analyzed six sequenced mitochondrial genomes that are studied in Brassica napus and identified the collinear blocks and mitotype-specific sequences (MSSs) of these mitochondrial genomes. The collinear relationship between mitochondrial genomes of nap, cam, and pol cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines were higher than those of other lines. After comparative analysis of the six sequenced mitochondrial genomes (cam, nap, ole, pol CMS, ogu CMS, and hau CMS), 90 MSSs with sizes ranging from 101 to 9981 bp and a total length of 103,756 bp (accounting for 6.77% of the mitochondrial genome sequences) were identified. Additionally, 12 mitotype-specific markers were developed based on the mitochondrial genome specific sequences in order to distinguish among these different mitotypes. Cytoplasms of 570 different inbred

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