Abstract:Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a calcium-dependent hydrolase with many physiological functions. The decrease of PON1 activity is related to many diseases. The research about PON1 is a hot topic, and its activators and inhibitors are expected to help in our diets and in choose of drugs. The papers about PON1 activators and inhibitors were collected and classified. The PON1 activators and inhibitors are grouped into four categories: in-vivo activators, in-vitro activators, in-vivo inhibitors and in-vitro inhibitors. For each activator or inhibitor, the activating effect or inhibiting effect along with the methods used was reviewed. Up to now, we found from literatures that there were 16 samples demonstrating activating effects on PON1 in-vivo and 5 compounds showed in-vitro activation. Of the 16 in-vivo activators there were 4 plant extracts and 12 pure components. Seven in-vivo inhibitors and 71 in-vitro inhibitors have been reported in publications. Additionally, smoking, drinking and treatment with exogenous gonadotropins induced decrease of PON1 activity. The summary of the activators and inhibitors are beneficial to reveal the structure-activity relationship, and also it provides convenience to look up the activating or inhibiting effects of the compounds on PON1 at a glance.

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	1. A review: Inhibitors and activators for paraoxonase 1
	Li Yan,Tang Meiling,Chen Gang,Mu Xiaojing,Huang Haiming
	Biology 23 April 2020
	Show/Hide Abstract \| Cite this paper︱Full-text: PDF (782K B)

	Abstract:Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a calcium-dependent hydrolase with many physiological functions. The decrease of PON1 activity is related to many diseases. The research about PON1 is a hot topic, and its activators and inhibitors are expected to help in our diets and in choose of drugs. The papers about PON1 activators and inhibitors were collected and classified. The PON1 activators and inhibitors are grouped into four categories: in-vivo activators, in-vitro activators, in-vivo inhibitors and in-vitro inhibitors. For each activator or inhibitor, the activating effect or inhibiting effect along with the methods used was reviewed. Up to now, we found from literatures that there were 16 samples demonstrating activating effects on PON1 in-vivo and 5 compounds showed in-vitro activation. Of the 16 in-vivo activators there were 4 plant extracts and 12 pure components. Seven in-vivo inhibitors and 71 in-vitro inhibitors have been reported in publications. Additionally, smoking, drinking and treatment with exogenous gonadotropins induced decrease of PON1 activity. The summary of the activators and inhibitors are beneficial to reveal the structure-activity relationship, and also it provides convenience to look up the activating or inhibiting effects of the compounds on PON1 at a glance.
	TO cite this article:Li Yan,Tang Meiling,Chen Gang, et al. A review: Inhibitors and activators for paraoxonase 1[OL].[23 April 2020] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4751765


	2. Identification of genes from the ICE-CBF-COR pathway under cold stress in Aegilops -Triticum composite group and the evolution analysis with those from Triticeae
	JIN Ya'nan,ZHAI Shanshan,WANG Wenjia,DING Xihan,GUAN Lingliang,GUO Zhifu,BAI Liping,WANG Shu
	Biology 23 October 2017
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	Abstract:Adverse environmental conditions limit various aspects of plant growth, productivity, and ecological distribution. For insights to the signaling pathways under low temperature, we identified 10 CBFs, 9 ICEs and 10 CORs from Aegilops-Triticum composite group as transcription factors or effector genes involved in cold stress. Conserved amino acids analysis revealed that all CBF, ICE, COR amino acid sequences all contained specific and typical functional domains. Analysis of the phylogenetic relationship among the different CBF proteins in Triticeae revealed that these CBF homologs were devided into 11 groups, and CBFs from Triticum were found in every group showing that these CBFs generated prior to the divergence of Triticum and other members of Triticeae. The evolutionary relationship among the ICE and COR proteins in Poaceae were devided into 4 groups with high multispecies specificity, respectively. Moreover, expression analysis revealed that mRNA accumulation was altered by cold treatment and the genes of three types involved in the ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway were induced by cold stress. Together, the results enrich members of CBF, ICE, COR genes family in Triticeae, and provide a starting point for future studies on transcriptional regulatory network for improvement of chilling tolerance in crop.
	TO cite this article:JIN Ya'nan,ZHAI Shanshan,WANG Wenjia, et al. Identification of genes from the ICE-CBF-COR pathway under cold stress in Aegilops -Triticum composite group and the evolution analysis with those from Triticeae[OL].[23 October 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4741750

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	3. Gene regulation and signal transduction in the ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway during cold stress in plants
	WANG Dazhi,JIN Yanan,DING Xihan,WANG Wenjia,ZHAI Shanshan,BAI Liping,GUO Zhifu
	Biology 07 September 2017
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	Abstract:Low temperatures are an abiotic stress that adversely affects the growth and production of plants. Plants\' resistance and adaptation to cold stress is dependent upon the activation of molecular networks and pathways involved in signal transduction and the regulation of cold-stress related genes. As it has numerous and complex genes, regulation factors and pathways, research on the ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway is the most studied and detailed, which is thought to be pretty important for cold resistance of plant. In this review, we focus on function of each member, interrelation among members, influence of manipulators and repressors in ICE-CBF-COR pathway. In addition, the regulation and signal transduction about plant hormones, circadian clock and light are also discussed. The studies presented provide a detailed picture of the ICE-CBF-COR pathway.
	TO cite this article:WANG Dazhi,JIN Yanan,DING Xihan, et al. Gene regulation and signal transduction in the ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway during cold stress in plants[OL].[ 7 September 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4741390


	4. Characterization of Post-translational Modifications in κ-casein macropeptide
	Xiaolu Zhao,Ole N. Jensen
	Biology 11 May 2017
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	Abstract:Bovine κ-casein macropeptide (CMP), the C-terminal part of bovine κ-casein comprising 64 amino acid residues, plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the casein micelles in milk and also exhibits various biological activities and nutritive properties. CMP is quite heterogeneous consisting of numerous molecular forms due to a variety of post-translational modifications including both phosphorylation and O-glycosylation in addition to genetic modifications. The PTMs that are believed to affect the functional properties of CMP were investigated in this study. The aim was to develop a mass spectrometry-based strategy for the extensive characterization of CMP - discovery and site occupancy of phosphoylation and glycosylation as well as glycan structure elucidation. RP-HPLC separation of CMP not only led to isolation of individual subcomponents in CMP but also allowed structural assignments of 22 different molecular forms in combination with MALDI TOF MS analysis. After Glu-C digestion, different enrichment techniques such as TiO2 and ZIC-HILIC or other experimental approaches like neuraminidase treatment and β-elimination were ultilized prior to mass spectrometry for the recovery and enhanced detection of phosphopeptides and glycopeptides. The tetrasaccharide structure GalNAc(NeuAc)-Gal-NeuAc was determined as the main sugar chain attached to CMP by MALDI Q-TOF analysis. MSn analysis of phosphopeptides allowed the determination of four phosphorylation sites in the use of different instruments (MALDI Q-TOF, LC ESI Q-TOF and LTQ-FT), two of which are new. LTQ-FT MS analysis of intact glycopeptides with glycans attached allowed both the peptide sequence determination and the modified sites assignments. Moreover, LTQ-FT MS analysis of glycopeptides after β-elimination with ammonia also allowed the localization of the glycosylated sites. Four glycosylation sites were identified, at least one of which is new. The higher heterogeneity of CMP discovered in this study can give better idea on how this 'hairy' macropeptide functions in the maintenance of the equilibria between casein micelles and milk serum, make good sense in understanding the biological properties of CMP, and thus contribute to the food and pharmaceutical industries which are based on the activities and functions of CMP.
	TO cite this article:Xiaolu Zhao,Ole N. Jensen. Characterization of Post-translational Modifications in κ-casein macropeptide[OL].[11 May 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732863


	5. The role of protein phosphorylation in mitochondria
	Xiaolu Zhao
	Biology 11 May 2017
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	Abstract:Mitochondria play a central role in energy metabolism and cellular survival, and consequently mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with a number of human pathologies, such as type 2 diabetes. There is an increasing understanding/interest of the use of reversible protein phosphorylation as a central mechanism in regulating various mitochondrial processes. E.g. in skeletal muscle, aberrant phosphorylation of mitochondrial proteins has been hypothesized to play a role for the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in humans with obesity and type 2 diabetes. This review summarizes previous studies on the role of protein phosphorylation in mitochondrial functions, mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics strategies and phosphoproteomic studies of mitchondria.
	TO cite this article:Xiaolu Zhao. The role of protein phosphorylation in mitochondria[OL].[11 May 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732969


	6. The research in equilibrium study and diversified models of thifensulfuron methyl in several common pure solvents and mixture organic solvents from (278.15 to 333.15) K
	Yuhao Zhang,Yemin Yu,Yonghong Hu,Renlun Deng,Wenge Yang,Tao Li,Yang Cao
	Biology 10 May 2017
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	Abstract:IThifensulfuron methyl is a kind of herbicide and an important chemical intermediate product, Data on corresponding solid?liquid equilibrium of thifensulfuron methyl in different solvents is essential for a preliminary study of industrial applications. In this study, the solubility of thifensulfuron methyl in water, methanol, ethanol, butyl alcohol, isopropanol, acetone, acetonitrile, hexane and ethyl acetate pure solvents and the solubility in (ethanol + ethyl acetate) mixture solvents was measured in the temperature range from 278.15 K to 328.15 K. We use the gravimetric method get the solubility data, contact with the modified apelblat equation and λh equation. We can calculate and analysis thermodynamic parameters (including enthalpy, entropy, and gibbs energy) by the van't hoff analysis and gibbs equation. Calculations proves that the modified apelblat model has advantages than the other two models. In addition, the calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that in each studied solvent the dissolution of thermodynamic models is endothermic, nonspontaneous, and an entropy-driven process.
	TO cite this article:Yuhao Zhang,Yemin Yu,Yonghong Hu, et al. The research in equilibrium study and diversified models of thifensulfuron methyl in several common pure solvents and mixture organic solvents from (278.15 to 333.15) K[OL].[10 May 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732331


	7. Six Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyases from Camellia sinensis: Evolution, Expression, and Kinetics
	Wu Yingling,Wang Wenzhao,Li Yanzhi,Dai Xinglong,Ma Guoliang,Xing Dawei,Zhu Mengqing,Gao Liping,Xia Tao
	Biology 24 April 2017
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	Abstract:Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), the branch point enzyme controlling the flow of primary metabolism into second metabolism, converts the L-phenylalanine (L-Phe) to yield cinnamic acid. Based on the sequencing data available from eight transcriptome projects, six PAL genes have been screened out, cloned, and designated as CsPALa-CsPALf. The phylogenetic tree showed that CsPALs were divided into three subgroups, PALa and PALb, PALc and PALd, and PALe and PALf. All six CsPALs exhibited indiscriminate cytosolic locations in epidermis cells and mesophyll cells. Then, the expression profiles of six PAL genes were qualitatively investigated and they displayed tissue-/induced- expression specificity in several tissues or under different abiotic stresses. Furthermore, in vitro enzymatic assays showed that all six recombinant proteins were characterized by the strict substrate specificity toward L-Phe, but no activity toward L-Tyr, and they displayed subtle differences in kinetics and enzymatic properties. These results provide evidence for the identification and characterization of CsPAL genes and that they have both distinct and overlapping roles in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental cues.
	TO cite this article:Wu Yingling,Wang Wenzhao,Li Yanzhi, et al. Six Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyases from Camellia sinensis: Evolution, Expression, and Kinetics[OL].[24 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4726835


	8. Identification of a Flavonoid Glucosyltransferase Involved in 7-OH Site Glycosylation in Tea plants
	Dai Xinglong,Zhuang Juhua,Wu Yingling,Wang Peiqiang,Zhao Guifu,Liu Yajun,Jiang Xiaolan,Gao Liping,Xia Tao
	Biology 22 April 2017
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	Abstract:Flavonol glycosides, which are often converted from aglycones catalyzed by UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), play important roles for the health of plants and animals. In present study, CsUGT75L12, a gene encoding a flavonoid 7-O-glycosyltransferase, was identified in tea plants. Recombinant CsUGT75L12 protein displayed glycosyltransferase activity with multiple phenolic compounds including flavanone, flavone, flavonol and isoflavone on the 7-OH position. In relative comparison to wild-type seeds, the content of flavonol-glucosides levels increased in seeds of Arabidopsis overexpressing CsUGT75L12. In order to determine the key amino acid residues responsible for the catalytic activity of the protein, a series of site-directed mutagenesises and enzymatic assays were performed based on the 3D structural modeling and docking analysis. These results suggested that residue Q54 was predicted to be a double binding site functioning as a sugar receptor and donor. Residues H56 and T151 corresponding to the basic active residues H20 and D119 of VvGT1, were not irreplaceable for CsUGT75L12. In addition, residues Y182, S223, P238, T239, and F240 were demonstrated to be responsible for a "reversed" sugar receptor binding model. The results of triple substitution confirmed that the function of residues P238, T239 and F240 may substitute or compensate with each other for the flavonoid 7-O-glycosyltransferase active.?????
	TO cite this article:Dai Xinglong,Zhuang Juhua,Wu Yingling, et al. Identification of a Flavonoid Glucosyltransferase Involved in 7-OH Site Glycosylation in Tea plants[OL].[22 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4728169


	9. Fucans isolated from Isostichopus badionotus induces apoptotic-like cell death in human gastric cancer cell HGC-27 under hypoxia
	GE Yuan,LI Hui,WANG Jingfeng
	Biology 15 June 2016
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	Abstract:In this paper, the anti-cancer function of fucans isolated from marine cucumber Isostichopus badionotus was investigated and analysed. We proved the anti-cancer activity of fucan-Ib in human gastric cancer cells HGC-27 under hypoxia through the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, we also revealed the underlying molecular mechanism, a caspase-3 dependent pathway, of fucan-Ib induced apoptosis in cancer cells under hypoxia. These results provide basic knowledges and evidence on the medicinal values of fucan-Ib.
	TO cite this article:GE Yuan,LI Hui,WANG Jingfeng. Fucans isolated from Isostichopus badionotus induces apoptotic-like cell death in human gastric cancer cell HGC-27 under hypoxia[OL].[15 June 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4695036


	10. Asn336 is involved in the substrate affinity of glyphosate oxidase
	Gaobing Wu,Tao Zhan,Xuan Yao
	Biology 24 May 2016
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	Abstract:In the present study a variant of N336K of glycine oxidase from Bacillus cereus was selected after a thorough screening from a random mutant library of 7000 clones. To explore the function of Asn336, site-directed mutagenesis was employed to generate BceGO variants with different charge characteristics (N336H, N336R) and side chain lengths (N336A, N336G). The results showed that the affinity of N336H, N336K and N336R increased gradually towards all the substrates, with increase in positive charge on side chain, while N336A and N336G has not shown any significant effect on substrate affinity. It is interesting to note that the Km, app of N336K on glyphosate decreased 3.77-fold, and its kcat,app value declined significantly to 0.17 s-1. The experimental data and structure modeling indicated that, the residue Asn336, located in a random coil between β-18 and α-10, influence the substrate affinity in the active site of enzyme.
	TO cite this article:Gaobing Wu,Tao Zhan,Xuan Yao. Asn336 is involved in the substrate affinity of glyphosate oxidase[OL].[24 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4689870

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