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1. Recovery Measures and Field Management Strategies After Hailstone Damage in Upland Cotton | |||
NIE Hushuai#,SU Ying#,LI Le,DAI Maohua,WANG Dingwei,SU Beibei,XIAO Feng,HUA Jinping | |||
Agronomy 19 November 2021 | |||
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Abstract:Hailstorm might damage cotton plants severely and cause heavy economic loss in field production. It occurred often in Yellow River Basin Cotton Region and Northwest Inland Cotton Area in China. In 2015 and 2016, there were three times\' hailstorm damaged our field experiments of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Hebei Province during seedling and bud periods. To reduce losses, we started the study to evaluate the damage effects of hailstone on plant architecture, and performed serials strategies to recover the plants and to rescue the experiments. Based on evaluating the hailstone damage, we fertilized 112.50 kg/ha Urea fertilizer (N content ≥ 46.4%) and intertilled the field timely. The recovery of plant individuals sprouted new buds and many new leaves after 12 DAH. Then the unnecessary shoots were pruned to adjust the development of fruit branches. Normally three new sympodia branches (NSB) in the major stem were reserved and eight subsequent emerging boll branches (EBB) in cotton plants. Five accessions with varied recovery ability and different yield potential were sampled to compare the yield and quality after hail damage. Among them, Sumian 20, 11-0710 and 11-0516 increased, while the other two accessions decreased relative to the normal production without hail damage. BC and RIL populations of upland cotton were used to evaluate the damage ratio of yield and quality, which resulted in yield loss ranged 13.45%-20.27%. Fiber length, fibre elongation, fibre uniformity, and fiber strength decreased slightly in the five accessions and two populations. These results proved that the cotton plants can compensate by proper field managements, and remedial output could be obtained after hail damage. | |||
TO cite this article:NIE Hushuai#,SU Ying#,LI Le, et al. Recovery Measures and Field Management Strategies After Hailstone Damage in Upland Cotton[OL].[19 November 2021] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4755796 |
2. Review: on maize grain harvest mechanization and its influencing factors | |||
Mukti Marasini,Zhang Guiping,Zhang Shunfeng,Guan Xia,Liu Yao,Zhang Fenglu | |||
Agronomy 15 July 2019 | |||
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Abstract:Mechanically harvesting is important indicator of technology transformation in agricultural production, increase farm efficiency, income and productivity and solves the contradiction between labour shortage and maize production, but often increase the grain lost, ear lost and breakage percentage due to high grain moisture content at harvest which is the key problem of harvest mechanization in maize production. This paper reviewed relationship between the grain moisture content and its relation to grain filling, agronomy character and management, genetic character and environmental factor. The effect of moisture content on these factor and provide the possible way to increase the harvest mechanization also analyzed. The result provide a basis for increase maize mechanization harvest by selecting suitable varieties with the fast dehydration rate and adopt to the environmental condition. Improvement of maize varieties should done through the breading in concern of yield and quality, lodging resistance, fast dehydration rate and low moisture content at physical maturity. | |||
TO cite this article:Mukti Marasini,Zhang Guiping,Zhang Shunfeng, et al. Review: on maize grain harvest mechanization and its influencing factors[OL].[15 July 2019] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4749379 |
3. How leaves dissipate diurnal excess energy of photosynthetic apparatus resulted from drought in the field-grown cotton | |||
Ya-Li Zhang,Xiao-Ping Yi,He-Sheng Yao,Hong-Hai Luo,Ling-Gou,Wang-Feng Zhang | |||
Agronomy 20 November 2015 | |||
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Abstract:To clarify the diurnal balance between the light energy conversion and theCO2 assimilation capacity under the drought, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf movement and leaf micro-environment during the day time were examined in the field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and then we evaluated the partitioning of absorbed light energy and the distribution of photosynthetic electron flow. The results showed that leaf diaheliotropic movement was pronounced in all treatments, the incident PAR light and leaf temperature increased in the morning and decreased in the afternoon and drought significantly increased leaf temperature. The diurnal time course of ΦPSII decreased in the morning and increased in the afternoon, moderate drought was obviously lower than well-watered plants, but the predawn Fv/Fm showed no differences among three treatments. It means that moderate drought stress induced down-regulation of photosynthetic apparatus but not caused permanent damage of PSII. The diurnal time course of ΦNPQ showed a maximum between 14:00 and 16:00 hours, and the value was greatest in the moderate drought stressed plants. The diurnal time courses of the distribution of photosynthetic electron flow showed that the drought-induced decrease in the proportion of electron flux for photosynthetic carbon reduction was mostly compensated by the electron flux for the photorespiratory carbon oxidation and the alternative electron flux driven by Mehler-peroxidase reaction and cyclic electron transport around PSI or nitrate reduction. Therefore, we concluded that (1) active leaf diaheliotropic movement works well under drought can optimize the incident light available for photosynthetic apparatus; (2) cotton uses electron transport flux under mild drought whereas electron transport flux and regulated non-photochemical energy dissipation under moderate drought for excess light energy dissipation; (3) photosynthetic electron transport flux is insensitive to drought because of stronger alternative electron sinks in cotton. | |||
TO cite this article:Ya-Li Zhang,Xiao-Ping Yi,He-Sheng Yao, et al. How leaves dissipate diurnal excess energy of photosynthetic apparatus resulted from drought in the field-grown cotton[OL].[20 November 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4660445 |
4. Abscisic acid, ethylene and antioxidative systems in rice grains in relation with grain filling subjected to postanthesis soil-drying | |||
ZHANG Hao,LIU Kai,WANG Zhiqin,LIU Lijun,YANG Jianchang | |||
Agronomy 13 August 2014 | |||
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Abstract:This study tested the hypothesis that abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene may mediate the effect of postanthesis soil-drying on grain filling of rice (Oryza sativa L.) through regulating antioxidative systems. Two rice cultivars were pot-grown, and three soil-drying treatments, well-watered (WW), moderately soil-drying (MD) and severely soil-drying (SD), were imposed from 9 days post anthesis until maturity. Levels of ABA and ethylene, activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and contents of superoxide anion (O2-) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and their relationships with grain filling rate were investigated. The results showed that, when compared with the WW treatment, the MD treatment increased, whereas the SD treatment decreased, grain filling rate and activities of CAT, POD, and SOD in both superior and inferior spikelets. Both MD and SD treatments increased contents of ABA, superoxide anion and MDA in grains, with more increases under the SD than under the MD. The MD treatment decreased, whereas the SD treatment increased, ethylene evolution rate and 1-aminocycopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content. The ratio of ABA to ACC (ABA/ACC) was the highest under the MD and the lowest under the SD among the three soil-drying treatments. ABA content, activities of CAT, POD, SOD, and ABA/ACC very significantly and positively, while the levels of ethylene and ACC and contents of superoxide anion and MDA significantly and negatively, correlated with grain filling rate. Application of cobalt ion (inhibitor of ethylene synthesis) or ABA at early grain filling stage significantly decreased contents of superoxide anion and MDA, and increased activities of CAT, POD, SOD and grain filling rate. Spraying with ethephon (ethylene-releasing agent) or fluridone (inhibitor of ABA synthesis) had the opposite effect. The results suggest that an increase in ABA and decrease in ethylene in the grains under postanthesis moderate soil-drying could enhance the activities of antioxidative enzymes and reduce free radicals in grains, and therefore, accelerate the grain filling rate of rice. | |||
TO cite this article:ZHANG Hao,LIU Kai,WANG Zhiqin, et al. Abscisic acid, ethylene and antioxidative systems in rice grains in relation with grain filling subjected to postanthesis soil-drying[J]. |
5. A Theoretical Model Research of Rice Water Stress Index based on Infrared Thermal Imaging | |||
GAO Mingchao,ZHANG Wenzhong,YAO Chen,YIN Dawei,CHENG Xiaoyi,PEI Yao,YU Jilin,ZHAO Miaomiao | |||
Agronomy 16 May 2013 | |||
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Abstract:It detected the canopy temperature of rice via automated infrared imaging technology in the test under different irrigation condition, and used the CWSI theoretical model to diagnose whether the crop suffered water stress or not. It also analyzed the water stress index theoretical model of crop and other indexes on reflecting the water status of crop, including the relationship between the CWSI and leaf stomatal resistance, the CWSI and leaf net photosynthetic rate, and the CWSI and the soil moisture content. The results showed that the relations between the surface theoretical model and the above indexes were fine. It meant the CWSI well reflected the features of water stress of rice. | |||
TO cite this article:GAO Mingchao,ZHANG Wenzhong,YAO Chen, et al. A Theoretical Model Research of Rice Water Stress Index based on Infrared Thermal Imaging[OL].[16 May 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4543723 |
6. Based on Infrared Thermal Imaging Technology in Rice Water Stress Index Test | |||
GAO Mingchao,ZHANG Wenzhong,HAN Yadong,YAO Chen,WANG Yitao,DING Guohua,ZHANG Zhenyu | |||
Agronomy 28 February 2013 | |||
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Abstract:Observed by infrared thermal imaging technology, in the test rice canopy temperature were measured under different irrigation conditions, taking the Idso empirical model to determine the lower bound equation of the canopy-air temperature differences, and so to get the best period of observing the rice water deficit by the CWSI, in addition the relationship of the CWSI, soil water content and transpiration rate were also analyzed. The preliminary test analysis showed that the CWSI can reflect the rice water stress conditions well. | |||
TO cite this article:GAO Mingchao,ZHANG Wenzhong,HAN Yadong, et al. Based on Infrared Thermal Imaging Technology in Rice Water Stress Index Test[OL].[28 February 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4524293 |
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