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1. Shifts in microbial community under different fertilizers in a lab incubation | |||
Zhang qichun,Guang-huo WANG | |||
Agronomy 05 January 2010 | |||
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Abstract:The effects of different fertilization treatments on paddy soil microbial communities were characterized using several techniques. Treatments included no fertilizer (NF), inorganic fertilizer only (CF), pig manure in combination with inorganic fertilizer (CFM) and straw manure in combination with inorganic fertilizer (CFS). Assessments included determination of microbial population counts by soil dilution plating on various general and selective culture media, microbial activity by community level physiological profiling using Biolog sole carbon source utilization tests (Biolog) and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles. Soil populations with organic manure tended to have higher levels of culturable bacteria and fungi and lower levels of actinomycetes. Biolog plates indicated that the soil microbial metabolism quotient (AWCD), Shannon index and McIntonsh index all increased significantly in CFS- and CFM-treated soils relative to NF-treated soil. Soil phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis demonstrated the monounsaturated fatty acids 18:1ω9c, 18:1ω7c, 16:1ω7c, 16:1ω9c, 15:1ω6c and 18:2ω6,9c were most prevalent in CFM- and CFS-treated soils. The saturated straight chain lipids 14:0, 17:0, 18:0, 19:0 and 20:0 were most enriched in NF- and CF-treated soils. Fertilization increased the PLFA biomarkers for bacteria and fungi, but reduced the markers for actinomycetes. The ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria was significantly higher in the NF- and CF-treated soils relative to the CFS- and CFM-treated soils (P<0.05). However, further studies are required to understand how these changes in microbial community structure might actually impact soil microbial community function. | |||
TO cite this article:Zhang qichun,Guang-huo WANG. Shifts in microbial community under different fertilizers in a lab incubation[OL].[ 5 January 2010] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/38481 |
2. Effect of K Fertilization on Soil K Pools and Rice Response in an Intensive Cropping System in China | |||
Zhang Qichun ,Wang Guanghuo,Feng Yuke | |||
Agronomy 18 February 2009 | |||
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Abstract:In order to assess the changes in soil K pools as affected by K fertilizer application and the impact of the changes on K balance, grain yield and K uptake, an experiment was conducted in Central Zhejiang Province, East China, in a continuous double-cropping rice system. Two sites were selected: 1) the Agricultural Research Institute of Jinhua (ARI) where soil is calcareous and 2) the Shimen Research Farm (SM) where soil is acidic. Eight consecutive crops were grown (1997 - 2000) in ARI and 5 consecutive crops (1998 - 2000) at SM. Treatments included unfertilized control (CK), and three different fertilizer treatments (NP, NK and NPK). Potassium extracted by ion exchange resin decreased from 26 mg kg-1 to 5 - 7 mg kg-1 after 8 consecutive season of growth at the ARI site. Addition of 100 kg K ha-1 for each rice crop was not enough to maintain initial K availability, especially in the calcareous soil at ARI site. In treatments with K, a small increase in readily available K was observed only in SM soil. The K extracted by HNO3 also decreased significantly in the treatments without K addition and was increased slightly in the treatments with K application. In the NP treatment, the decrease in HNO3-K was several times greater than Resin-K, indicating that non-exchangeable K may be the major source of K supply to rice. Soil K depletion was greater for hybrid rice than inbred rice, and this difference in K demand should be taken into account in developing fertilizer recommendations for irrigated rice. | |||
TO cite this article:Zhang Qichun ,Wang Guanghuo,Feng Yuke . Effect of K Fertilization on Soil K Pools and Rice Response in an Intensive Cropping System in China[OL].[18 February 2009] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/29255 |
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