Home > Papers

 
 
Nitrate Reduction to Inhibit Ruminal Methanogenesis and to Improve Microbial Nitrogen Synthesis
Meng Qingxiang 1 *,Ren Liping 2,Zhou Zhenming 2,Lin Miao 3,Shi Caixia 2
1.College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
2.College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193
3.College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009
*Correspondence author
#Submitted by
Subject:
Funding: China Agricultural Research System （No.CARS-38）, National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.No. 31101738）, Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China （No.No. 200800190003）
Opened online:22 December 2011
Accepted by: none
Citation: Meng Qingxiang,Ren Liping,Zhou Zhenming.Nitrate Reduction to Inhibit Ruminal Methanogenesis and to Improve Microbial Nitrogen Synthesis[OL]. [22 December 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4455495
 
 
The majority of research showed that nitrate can be administered to ruminants as a sole or major source of fermentable nitrogen. The research evidence leaves little doubt that nitrate, when included at sufficient concentrations in a diet so as to maintain optimum fermentation rate, can largely prevent enteric methane production and greately improve rumen microbial protein synthesis. Several microbial enzymes are characterised as nitrate and nitrite reductases and often are present in the anaerobic microorganisms. In practice, the limitation to nitrate use in a feed is its association with nitrite poisoning. However, nitrite accumulation appears to only occur when relatively large quantities of nitrate are suddenly introduced directly into the rumen of animals not accustomed to nitrate in their feed. Under normal situations, nitrate is not toxic to ruminant animals, but nitrite is detrimental to well being. The toxicity of nitrate is related to many factors, such as animal type, adaptation period, nitrate dosage, feed type and feed rate. Dissimilatory reduction of nitrate to nitrite and assimilatory reduction of nitrite to ammonia are pathways of nitrate metabolism in the rumen, and multiple nitrate/nitrite reductases are involved in the reduction of nitrate to nitrite then to ammonia. Nitrate addition can inhibit methane production in the rumen with the mechanisms that are inhibition of intermedial by-products during nitrate denitrification, and electron competition between nitrate and nitrite reducing bacteria and methanogenic organisms. Some factors influencing nitrate used in ruminant feeds are also discussed in detail.
Keywords:animal nutrition and feed science; nitrate reduction; ruminal methanegenesis; microbial nitrogen
 
 
 

For this paper
  • ● PDF (0B)
  • ● Revision 0 　　
  • ● Print this paper
  • ● Recommend this paper to a friend
  • ● Add to my favorite list

    Saved Papers

    Please enter a name for this paper to be shown in your personalized Saved Papers list

Tags
Add yours

Related Papers

Statistics
PDF Downloaded 549
Bookmarked 0
Recommend 5
Comments Array
Submit your papers