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| Etched aluminum foils covered with bismuth titanium oxide Bi4Ti3O12 (BTO) by sol-gel coating has been studied. There were some “whiskers” of metallic luster on the surface after thermal treatment under some special conditions. The “whiskers” were verified as Bi and Al via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which can react with borate solution. The effects of technological parameters such as heat-treatment temperature T, precursor concentration C, and heating rate V have been explored. It is shown that the formation difficulty of Bi and Al increases with the T, C and decreases with V. |
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| Keywords:Sol-Gel; Bismuth titanium oxide (BTO); EDXA; XPS |
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