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September 15,2012
Volume 5,Issue 17
Pages -
Subject Area:Ecology,Biological Information Theory and Biological Cybernetics,Cell Biology,Enzymology,Immunology Biochemistry,Biochemistry,Botany,Genetics

Title: Study on gas metabolism changes during exercise of young and elderly Tai Chi practitioners of different levels

Authors: LV Yuanyuan, XIONG Kaiyu, HE Hui
PP: 1689-1695
Abstract: Objective: To study gas metabolism changes during exercise of Tai-chi Chuan practitioners in different stages. Methods: Take 10 high-level Tai Chi practitioners of the young and elderly respectively as experimental group, 10 general practitioners of the young and elderly as the control group, detect the indicators of gas metabolism during peace, exercise and recovery. The results showed: A long course of Tai Chi exercises has significant effect on the tidal volume, respiratory rate and metabolic equivalents(METs), aspiratory time and respiratory rate of long-term Tai Chi practitioners are better than the general practitioners.
Keywords: exercise physiology; Tai Chi; gas metabolism; maximal oxygen uptake; young and old people

Title: Study on effect of regulatory factors in liver diseases

Authors: WANG Maocai, LI Lin, CHEN Jiaqin
PP: 1684-1688
Abstract: Regulatory factors, as a kind of inflammatory mediators, are important factors that exacerbate the pathogenesis and outcome of liver cell. The study on all kinds of liver diseases has set up a file, such as fatty liver, alcoholic liver disease, liver cirrhosis, and then found that regulatory factors formed complex cytokine network. The progress of research on the cytokines-related mechanism of liver diseases was reviewed, which aimed to provide the theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of liver diseases.
Keywords: sports biochemistry; cytokine; reviews; liver diseases

Title: Effects of plastic film mulch, nitrogen fertilizer and straw return on soil temperature in semi-arid hilly areas of Loess Plateau

Authors: WANG Lijun, CHEN Jiling, ZHANG Feng, LI Fengmin
PP: 1674-1683
Abstract: This paper compared the effects of plastic film mulch, nitrogen fertilization and straw return (applied at 5 cm below the soil surface before planting) on soil temperature at 5 cm and 20 cm below the soil surface. The results showed: 1) The trends of soil temperature effects are, plastic film mulch>straw return>nitrogen fertilization, full plastic film mulch>half plastic film mulch>no mulch, 1 500 kgC/hm2 amount of straw return>750 kgC/hm2 amount of straw return>no straw returning, applying nitrogen fertilization had no significant effects on soil temperature. 2) Plastic film mulch increased both soil temperature at 5 cm and 20 cm depth. Straw return basically increased temperature at 5 cm depth. 3) Straw return had bigger effect on temperature with no film mulch than with full plastic film mulch. 4) The mean of daily air temperature and soil temperature without applying plastic film and straw had the best linear correlation which decreased when the degree of plastic film mulch and the amounts of straw return increased.
Keywords: ecology; soil temperature; field experiment; plastic film mulch; straw return

Title: Prediction and classification of the lipid droplet-surface proteins

Authors: DONG Qiongye, WANG Xiaowo, LIU Pingsheng, ZHANG Qiwei
PP: 1667-1673
Abstract: In this paper, the proteins associated with the surface of the lipid droplet were analyzed using a machine learning method. Firstly, the amino acid sequences of the known lipid body proteins were collected, such as the Perilipin, ADRP and Oleosin from NCBI database. Secondly, the feature vectors were constructed by using the amino acid composition and the pseudo-amino acid composition based on the physico-chemical features. Then, a binary classifier based on support vector machine (SVM) was built to predict whether a protein was a lipid droplet surface protein or located on the other organells, and the method of F-score was used to select the informative features to diminish the feature dimension. Six-fold cross validation suggested that the classifier could achieve an average F-value of 0.842.
Keywords: biomathematics; lipid droplet-surface protein; support vector machine; feature selection

Title: Construction and detection of intestinal-specific TR3 overexpression transgenic mice modc

Authors: LIU Qingfeng, YANG Meng, LUO Qicong, LI Boan
PP: 1661-1666
Abstract: Objective: In order to investigate the function of orphan receptor TR3 in the development of intestine and in the progression of colorectal cancer, this subject successfully constructed intestinal epithelial tissue-specific TR3 overexpression mouse model under the control of Villin promoter. Methods: The pVillin-flag-TR3 transgenic mice were constructed and the expression of the transgene fragment was detected by three different methods (RT-PCR, Western blotting and IHC). Results and conclusion: The intestinal specific TR3 overexpression transgenic mice model were successfully constructed and the expression of flag-TR3 transgenic fragment was detected in the intestinal epithelium of transgenic mice.
Keywords: cellular biology; TR3; transgenic mouse model; intestinal epithelium

Title: Special culture methods of typical diatoms based on growth degradation phenomena

Authors: CHEN Mingli, CAI Jun, ZHANG Deyuan, WANG Yu, PAN Junfeng
PP: 1655-1660
Abstract: It is difficult to obtain diatom frustules with bigger and uniform size in laboratory culture environment, because growth degradation of diatom is hard to avoid. In this paper, three types of diatoms were cultured in different environments and observed in the following 49 days. The experimental results indicate that natural water and microorganism environment successfully prevent diatoms from growth degrading and make diatoms recover to original size. The batch culture system in this study can be used to obtain bigger and uniform frustules, which is more functional when used in micro-nanofabrication and functional micro-device study.
Keywords: microtiology; diatom culture; growth degradation; micro-nanostructure; frustle

Title: Effect of sub-and super-critical CO2 pretreatment on activity and structure of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase

Authors: CHEN Dawei, LIU Yun
PP: 1649-1654
Abstract: The effect of sub-and super-critical CO2 pretreatment on activity and structure of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (PCL) was studied to explore the relationship between activity and conformation, including pressure, temperature and exposure time. The PCL was exposed in sub-/super-critical CO2 for a while, and the changes of its activity and conformation were measured. Results showed that the PCL activity increased with the rising of pressure and temperature, but exposure time showed little effect. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that high pressure had no effect on the primary structure of PCL. However, CD and fluorescence analysis showed that high pressure had obvious effect on its secondary structure and tertiary structure. The activity variance of PCL treated in subcritical CO2 (6 MPa/35℃) pretreatment was mainly related to the secondary structure changes in alpha helix and beta folding content, while the activity variance of PCL treated in supercritical CO2 (10 MPa/40℃) pretreatment depended on its tertiary structure changes. The results in this work are helpful to illustrate the mechanism of PCL activity variance in sub-and super-critical CO2.
Keywords: bioengineering; enzyme activity; protein conformation; sub-/super-critical CO2; Pseudomonas cepacia lipase

Title: Development of enzyme-linked immunoassay for Cr6+ detection in environmental water samples

Authors: ZOU Junhui, TANG Yong, ZHONG Hui, SONG Jianxun, OU Ziqiang
PP: 1643-1648
Abstract: An optimal indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed using a new monoclonal antibody against Cr3+-EDTA. The pretreatment procedure was also established. Reaction conditions, such as pH and ionic strength, were studied to optimize the immunoassay. In pretreatment procedure, the Cr3+ existent in samples was precipitated by adjusting pH and the reducing conditions of Cr6+ were researched completely, the concentration of Cr6+ in samples were calculated as Cr3+ detected by ELISA. Results showed that the ELISA had the most sensitive to soluble Cr3+-EDTA when pH was 7.4 and ionic strength was 0.15 mol/L, the IC50 and limit of detection was 5.9 μg/L, 0.35 μg/L, respectively, and the liner range was 0.35-50 μg/L. The collected supernatant containing Cr6+ was mixed with 60 mg/L of NaHSO3 solution, the Cr6+ was reduced to Cr3+ at pH 3.0 and reacted for 15 min. Finally, ELISA was used to detect the concentration of Cr6+ in samples. The correlation coefficient between the ELISA and ICP was 0.988 7 and the coefficient of variation was below 12%, indicating that the immunoassay was reliable and precise, and it was suitable to detect water samples.
Keywords: immunobiochemistry; Cr6+; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; monoclonal antibody; environmental water samples

Title: Alternative splicing of ACC oxidase gene in Ziziphus jujuba

Authors: LIN Xinggu, PANG Xiaoming
PP: 1635-1642
Abstract: In this paper, P-ZjACO gene homologous with ZjACO1 is obtained from the Ziziphus jujuba cDNA library. The ORF of P-ZjACO gene is 138 bp, which encodes 45 amino acids. The gene fragment is respectively cloned from the template of Z. jujuba cDNA and DNA. Sequencing analysis proves that, there is alternative splicing in the ACC oxidase gene of Z. jujuba, which is not a single type of alternative splicing, but belongs to the types of missing exon splicing and intron retention splicing.
Keywords: molecular biology; ACC oxidase; alternative splicing; cloning; Ziziphus jujube

Title: Significant impact of residues outside GhKCH2 CH domain on its microfilament-binding function

Authors: CHEN Ziwei, QIN Xinghua, PAN Xiaodi, LIU Guoqin
PP: 1629-1634
Abstract: In this paper, a series of CH domain-containing N-terminal truncated fragments of GhKCH2 were constructed and analyzed. Via in vitro microfilament co-precipitation assay and in vivo transient overexpression, it is found that residues 1-41 and 241-306 outside CH domain contribute to actin binding of GhKCH2. CH domain is necessary but not sufficient for the interaction between GhKCH2 and microfilaments.
Keywords: biochemistry; kinesin; CH domain; microfilaments

Title: Characterization and evolution analysis of aciniform spidroin repeat module from Argiope amoena

Authors: ZHANG Yunlong, TANG Miao, YIN Zhiqi, WEI Ping, LI Xin
PP: 1621-1628
Abstract: In order to search for evidences of molecular evolution of the spider silk, the paper performs cloning and evolution analysis for aciniform spidroin 1 (AcSp1) coding genetic repetitive regions. It gains the AcSp1 gene 3 216 bp based on the aciniform silk gland cDNA library from Argiope amoena and STS (sequence tagged site)/3D-PCR genetic screening technology. It contains six highly conserved (more than 99%) long tandem repeat module (LTR) coded 215 amino acids, which are rich in Serine (Ser), higher than glycine (Gly) and alanine (Ala). It is found that AcSp1 from A. amoena is completely different from typical short tandem repeat module (STR) silk protein (such as drag silk protein), but high homology with LTR modules from the archaeic Mygalomorph (240 millions of years ago) spidroins belong to a same evolutionary branch. These results show that AcSp1 (Araneomorphs, 125 millions of years ago) was closed to the evolution source (namely ancient spider silk protein) compared with other kinds of spiders, which speculated that differentiation of spider silk ecological function originated from “protect eggs” role.
Keywords: biochemistry; spider silk protein; aciniform spidroin; tandem repeat module; gene cloning; molecular evolution

Title: Ultrastructure of six species in Mallomonas (Chrysophyta) from Shanxi province

Authors: FENG Jia, XIE Shulian
PP: 1615-1620
Abstract: The genus Mallomonas belongs to Chrysophyta, which was reported as one of the largest genera in Chrysophyta. The algae of the genus has cells covered with silica scales arranging regularly as imbricate or armor shape, or freely. Some scales bear bristles and some do not. They are considered as the most important taxonomic characters for species determination and the taxonomy of the species. Based on the observation by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the ultrastructures of 6 species in Mallomonas (Chrysophyta) from Shanxi were studied, including Mallomonas caudata Ivanov em. Krieger, Mallomonas striata Asmund, Mallomonas areolata Nygaard, Mallomonas tonsurata Teiling em. Krieger, Mallomonas costata Dürrschmidt and Mallomonas acaroides Perty em Ivanov. The paper accumulates data for investigation of China fresh water phycophyta resources and their diversity, and provides basis for use of indicating phycophyta in water quality monitoring and evaluation.
Keywords: botany; Mallomonas; Chrysophytes; ultrastructure; Shanxi province

Title: Investigation of amyloplast development in rice endosperm

Authors: WANG Zhong, GU Yunjie, WANG Min, ZHENG Yankun, LIU Zhi, WANG Huihui
PP: 1601-1614
Abstract: In this research, the rice Yangdao 6 is used as the experimental material with its caryopsis development days carefully recorded and its caryopsis development closely observed. Endosperm cell structures and amyloplast development are studied by embedding the samples in resins, followed by cutting the resins into thin sections, and then observing the samples under light and electron microscopes. The results are as follows: 1) Rice endosperm epidermal cells have the characters of initial cells. The periclinal division of rice endosperm epidermic cells makes endosperm extend from the center to the periphery. The inner endosperm cells are differentiated into starch endosperm, while the epidermic cells are differentiated into aleurone cells. 2) Rice endosperm amyloplasts are multi-granular amyloplasts (one amyloplast contains several starch granules). The shape of an amyloplast is spherical or elliptic during the early development stage, but turns to polyhedric during the late development stage. 3) Rice endosperm amyloplasts can divide in the way of envelope protrusion or constriction et al. An amyloplast can divide into two or several filial amyloplasts, and accordingly, starch granules of the maternal amyloplast are distributed to filial amyloplasts. 4) Nuclei of starch endosperm cells degenerate with the extension of amyloplasts, while amyloplasts are still enlarging and growing. This shows that amyloplasts develop independently. 5) Amyloplast development affects certain qualities of endosperm. Maldevelopment of amyloplasts is the cause of the chalkiness of rice endosperm.
Keywords: botany; rice; endosperm; amyloplast; development; quality; chalkiness

Title: Determination of sensitivity of Limonium sinense to antibiotics hygromycin

Authors: ZHANG Xiaotong, LI Yan, CAO Ziyi
PP: 1597-1600
Abstract: Objective: To determine the sensitive concentration of Limonium sinense to hygromycin, so as to basis for further genetic engineering carrier construction taking hygromycin as foundation and screening of transgenic plants. Methods: Leaves of L. sinense were disinfected and cut into pieces and transferred to adventitious BI media added with different concentrations of hygromycin for 30 days to research the influence on adventitious buds. Results and conclusion: The result showed that concentration of antibiotics hygromycin which had influences on adventitious buds induction and growth was 20 mg/L.
Keywords: plant genetics; Limonium sinense; tissue culture; hygromycin

Title: Research progress on WRKY transcription factors in Arabidopsis thaliana

Authors: CHENG Shuangshuang, ZHOU Chunjiang
PP: 1590-1596
Abstract: WRKY transcription factor family is one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators in plants, which contains 60-amino acid domain, and the conserved sequence motifs are WRKYGQK and a zinc-finger motif. The WRKY domain binds specifically to the DNA sequence motif (T)(T)TGAC(C/T), which is known as the W box. There are 74 members of WRKY transcription factors in Arabidopsis thaliana. WRKY transcription factors appear to be involved in various physiological programs, including growth and development, senescence, biotic and abiotic stress responses, as well as defense responses. This paper reviews the progresses on the structure of WRKY transcription factors and the function in various phsyilogical programs.
Keywords: genetics; Arabidopsis thaliana; reviews; WRKY; transcription factor; senescence; defense response

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