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March 15,2012
Volume 5,Issue 5
Pages -
Subject Area:Biomechanics (including Biological Fluid Mechanics and Biorheology, etc.),Biological Information Theory and Biological Cybernetics,Biotechnology,Biological Evolution,Ecology,Botany

Title: Effects of vibration strength training on bouncing power of volleyball players

Authors: LIANG Yiwei, GU Song, SUN Ping, YIN Hongman
PP: 489-495
Abstract: This project uses the equipment functions and characteristics of vibration training to conduct experimental research on volleyball players. Through comparing the vibration platform strength training with ordinary strength training, the results show that bouncing power in the vibration strength training group has been significantly increased after three months, which indicates that vibration strength training is effective for volleyball players to improve bouncing power. It provides a certain theoretical basis for the use of vibration training equipment functions and features to improve the quality of the special bouncing power of the volleyball players.
Keywords: exercise physiology; volleyball players; vibration strength training; bouncing power

Title: Effects of LASIK on proliferation phenotype and the bFGF expression of corneal stromal cell

Authors: HE Zhengrong, AN Meiwen, LI Xiaona
PP: 482-488
Abstract: Objective: To observe the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in epithelial layer and stromal layer of cornea, and changes on proliferation phenotype of corneal stromal cell after laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK）. Methods: Rabbit corneas were established by LASIK surgery with different residual stromal bed. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression of bFGF in epithelial layer and stromal layer; HE staining was used to observe changes on proliferation phenotype of corneal stromal cell. Results: bFGF is expressed both in epithelial layer and stromal layer, but fluorescence intensity of stromal layer is higher than stromal layer on the whole; and the fluorescence intensity of stromal layer is obviously higher than stromal layer (70% a week, P<0.05 ). Compared with normal group, the number of corneal cell reduces at one week after LASIK surgery, while at one month the number of corneal cell increases, with the same operation method. The number of corneal cell at one month after LASIK surgery is significantly more than that at one week （P<0.05）. The phenotype of corneal cell also changes apparently. Conclusion: Proliferation phenotype of corneal stromal cell changes after LASIK surgery, and the expression of bFGF mainly concentrates on the stromal layer.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; laser assisted in situ keratomileusis; corneal stromal cell; proliferation; phenotype; basic fibroblast growth factor

Title: Method of feature extraction of FASTA format sequence

Authors: CHU Yanshuo, WANG Qingli, WANG Moyang, LIU Yaqiu
PP: 475-481
Abstract: In bioinformatics, FASTA format is a text-based format for representing either nucleotide sequences or peptide sequences. When biologists analyze the sequence alignment result file of Blast, they probably confront the requirement of statistics about some domains in peptide sequences or some sites that perform specific functions in gene sequence. In this paper, a fast algorithm capable for the large sequence text file statistics was proposed, named compressed index tree algorithm. The results of experiments revealed the good performance of compressed index tree algorithm.
Keywords: bioinformatics; compressed index tree; FASTA format; protein sequence

Title: Virtual navigation based on multi-class motor imaginary brain computer interface

Authors: GU Yanlei, ZHANG Jicai, LUO Jianxun, LI Yi,CHEN Weidong, ZHENG Xiaoxiang
PP: 469-474
Abstract: This study aims to distinguish the imagination of left hand, right hand and feet movement, so as to establish a brain computer interface (BCI) system controlling a virtual navigation in virtual apartment. Firstly, using the feature extraction method of common spatial pattern (CSP) and that of the time, frequency and spatial domains of empirical mode decomposition (EMD), features of the four states of electroencephalogram (EEG) signal were extracted. Then, the extraction results were classified using support vector machine (SVM), probabilistic neural network (PNN), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) algorithm as classifiers. Feature extraction methods and classifiers were compared and analyzed to choose better methods of feature extraction and classification. An online virtual navigation experiment was carried out by distinguishing four states.
Keywords: bioengineering; brain computer interface; multi-class motor imaginary; virtual reality

Title: Dubious reliability of mutual information as an indicator of neuron importance

Authors: LIAO Yuxi, ZHANG Shaomin, ZHAO Ting, WANG Yiwen
PP: 463-468
Abstract: In this study, the activities of neurons were recorded from M1 area of a monkey performing the 4-directional center-out task taking brain machine interfaces (BMIs) as platform. The mutual information between the activity of each neuron and wrist position trajectory was calculated, and the top 10 neurons were selected. For each of the 10 neurons, the decoding accuracy was calculated using that neuron only and the decoding accuracy was calculated using the population of other 105 neurons. The results show no obvious dependence of the decoding accuracies on the mutual information, suggesting that mutual information is not a reliable indicator of neuron importance. Therefore, it is worth some efforts to explore alternative methods of ascertaining neuron importance, e.g. a method that takes account of redundancy among neuron activities.
Keywords: neuro-engineering; neuron importance; mutual information; brain-machine interface

Title: Sequence identification and expression pattern of AmphiH2A-core and AmphiH2A.X genes in amphioxus (Branchiostoma japonicum)

Authors: LI Guang, WANG Xiu, LIU Xiaohui, WANG Yiquan
PP: 456-462
Abstract: The subtracted cDNA libraries for amphioxus gonads had been constructed and a series of genes which are potentially involved in amphioxus gonad development had been identified. On this basis, this study focused on one of these ovary-specific genes AmphiH2A.X and its related genes AmphiH2A-core, found that they had similar gene structures and also encode similar proteins sequences with their vertebrate cognates. For example, AmphiH2A.X protein contains a canonical SQEY （Ser-Gln-Glu-Tyr） structure, the feature found in other H2A.X. In regard to expression pattern, AmphiH2A-core expresses in all examined organs from the adult, the pattern similar to vertebrate H2A genes, however the expression of AmphiH2A.X is mainly detected in ovary and increases as the ovary developing to be mature. Therefore it could be concluded that AmphiH2A-core play conserved roles in both vertebrates and amphioxus, H2A.X have evolved a specific function in amphioxus ovary development.
Keywords: genetics; amphioxus; AmphiH2A-core; AmphiH2A.X; ovary development

Title: Effects of temperature on digestive tract morphology in Eothenomys miletus

Authors: WU Wangqiao, ZHU Wanlong, LIU Chunyan, WANG Zhengkun
PP: 451-455
Abstract: In order to study changes of plasticity of digestive tract morphology in Eothenomy miletus which inhabit in Hengduan mountains region, the digestive tract morphology which includes the length and weight of stomach, small intestine, large intestine, cecum and the changes of weight of heart, lung, liver, kidney and spleen were measured in cold and warm acclimation. The results showed that the wet weight of heart is 0.310 g, lung 0.353 g, liver 1.894 g and small intestine 0.826 g during the cold acclimation; the wet weight of heart is 0.203 g, lung 0.197 g, liver 1.473 g and small intestine 0.632 g during the warm acclimation. The wet weight of heart, lung, liver and small intestine of cold acclimation group were obviously higher than that of warm acclimation group (which are t=2.930, P<0.05; t=2.283, P<0.05; t=2.430, P<0.05; t=2.293, P<0.05, respectively). The length of the small intestine of cold acclimation group is 39.34 cm which is 13.97% longer than that of warm acclimation group. All of the results indicated that E. miletus maintain their normal life activities by adjusting the length of small intestine and increasing the weight of related organs under the low temperature.
Keywords: physiological ecology; Eothenomys miletus; digestive tract; cold acclimation; warm acclimation

Title: Investigation on plankton community structure of Fuhe river estuary

Authors: ZHONG Ronghua, DONG Lei, HUANG Dejuan
PP: 440-450
Abstract: This paper made a two-month investigation about the plankton of Fuhe river estuary and the lower reaches forks from April to May of 2009. The results showed: 1) A total of 62 species of phytoplankton was detected in Jiaoshi dam, followed in 4 Phyla and 37 Genera. Green algae, diatom and blue-green algae were dominant populations. Detected zooplanktons included a total of 33 species, and the dominant populations are Rotifera and Cladocera. 2) There was a wide variety of plankton in Fuhe river estuary. East branch estuary-Qinglan lake was detected with a total of 80 species phytoplankton in 6 Phyla and 45 Genera. Green algae, diatom and blue-green algae are dominant populations. Detected zooplankton included a total of 27 species, and dominant populations, the same as Jiaoshi dam, were Rotifera and Cladocera. 3) West branch estuary-Jinxi lake was detected with a total of 100 species phytoplankton in 7 Phyla and 52 Genera. Green algae, diatom and blue-green algae were dominant populations. Detected zooplankton included a total of 31 species, and the dominant populations, the same as Jiaoshi dam, were Rotifera and Cladocera. 4) Plankton density at the lower reaches forks, the East branch estuary and the west branch estuary were 6.33×10 5/mL, 7.67×10 5/mL and 9.50×10 5/mL respectively.
Keywords: ecology; community structure; microscope inspection; plankton; Fuhe river estuary

Title: Effect of seed production, mass, germinability and subsequent seedling growth on parental warming environment in Leymus chinensis

Authors: GAO Song, WANG Junfeng, ZHANG Zhijing, GUO Jixun
PP: 431-439
Abstract: This study uses Leymus chinensis, a dominant perennial grass widely distributed in the eastern regions of the Eurasia grassland zone as a model to investigate the effect of warming on the factors including seed production, mass, germinability and subsequent seedling growth, so as to provide new information on new plant population establishment and find how the existing population is maintained in this region. There was a significant positive response in floret number and seed number per plant to warming. However, there were negative responses to warming in terms of the flowering plant number and seed number per unit area. Warming significantly decreased the proportion of light seeds, increased the proportion of heavy seeds, and led to a significant increase in the thousand seeds weight. Germination success and rate, together with the root: shoot ratio of light seeds was significantly reduced by warming, in contrast to the heavy seeds which did not seem to be affected by elevated temperatures. Finally, warming reduced the potential germinated seed number per square meter. Synthesis analysis indicated that warming had different effects on the seed production process in semi-arid regions depending on the season. There was a positive effect in high precipitation summers and cold springs, and a negative effect in low precipitation autumns. The reduction in the germinability of light seeds and the seed germination potential with increased temperature has implications for new population establishment. Furthermore, existing population maintenance that depends on the seeds is likely to be constrained by global warming and will have an effect on plant population dynamics in the eastern regions of the Eurasia grassland zone.
Keywords: ecology; temperate grassland; seed production; germination; seedling growth

Title: Zooplankton dynamics in a newly constructed reservoir (Jiantan Reservoir)

Authors: LIN Qiuqi, TAN Zhen
PP: 423-430
Abstract: Zooplankton dynamics in a newly constructed through-flowing reservoir (Jiantan Reservoir) was studied from 2006 to 2008, and the possible effect of hydrodynamics on zooplankton was analyzed. During the investigation, zooplankton abundance was low (<100 ind./L) and predominated by rotifer. Zooplankton abundance generally increased from the upstream to downstream. After impoundment, both the relative abundance of cladocerans and euzooplankton diversity were much higher than those before impoundment or during filling at the dam site. Water retention time and suspended solid were the two possible abiotic factors controlling the temporal and spatial variations of zooplankton abundance and community structure. High advective loss rate and suspended solid made zooplankton abundance lower than that in those reservoirs with the same trophic state but longer retention time. In December, 2008, the first year after filling, the relatively longer water retention time and lower suspended solid concentration resulted in the ‘upsurge’ of cladocerans biomass.
Keywords: community ecology; community structure; investigation; zooplankton; retention time

Title: Phylogenetic relationships of Gynostemma BL. in Yunnan based on chloroplast DNA trnL-trnF sequence variation

Authors: DONG Wenhua, LIU Zhanlin, HUANG Zhaohui, YANG Jia, SU Hailun, LI Zhonghu, ZHAO Guifang
PP: 415-422
Abstract: 7 species (14 populations) of Gynostemma BL. collected in Yunnan province were analyzed by the chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) trnL-trnF sequencing technologies. The length of cpDNA trnL-trnF sequence was varied to 732-810 bp. Insertion and/or deletion at two positions mainly caused the genetic variation among populations of Gynostemma BL., 5 cpDNA haplotypes were uncovered within samples of Gynostemma BL. Some differences of the cpDNA sequence were detected in the base contents, positions of the parsimony informative sites and genetic distance among populations of Gynostemma BL. from samples collected from different areas in Yunnan. The different Gynostemma BL. species distributed in the same areas shared the same cpDNA haplotypes. It concluded that the ancestral species of Gynostemma BL. may be polymorphic. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that the most of genetic variations were existed among populations. Phylogenetic analysis showed that some correlations were found between genetic relationships and geographic locations among different Gynostemma BL. species, whereas the discrepancies were also detected among them. It concluded that the ecological factors and the complex changes in cytotypes of Gynostemma BL. species might have caused the formation of specific genetic structure among populations. So other evidence is needed to be combined with for ascertaining the reasonable genetic relationships among Gynostemma BL. species.
Keywords: botany; Gynostemma BL.; DNA sequencing; genetic variation; species distribution; phylogenetic relationship

Title: Preliminary study on transcriptional activity of AhAREB1 protein

Authors: YAO Yao, LIU Xu, HONG Lan, LI Tianfeng, ZHU Mingkun, LI Ling
PP: 408-414
Abstract: This study created several vectors of truncated AhAREB1 gene fragment to transform into yeast, using the yeast one-hybrid method of yeast growth and X-β-Gal experiment to confirm the domain function of AhAREB1 transcription factor. These results indicate that the C terminal of AhAREB1 transcription factor has not transcriptional activity but the N terminal has, while the non-conserved and C4 conserved domain can inhibit its own transcriptional activation.
Keywords: molecular biology; transcriptional activation; yeast one-hybrid; AhAREB1; transcription factor; peanut

Title: Progress in detection method and clinical application of plasma/serum circulating nucleic acid

Authors: PAN Min, GE Qinyu
PP: 401-407
Abstract: Cell free nucleic acid namely circulating nucleic acid was more and more concerned since it was discovered. Many approaches for the separation and detection of circulating nucleic acid were improved, and some of them were commercialized. In this paper, by reviewing the recent studies, the separation and detection method of circulating nucleic acid in plasma and serum were summarized, and its clinical application was also outlined which provided foundation for further application and researches.
Keywords: molecular biology; circulating nucleic acid; reviews; real-time quantitative PCR; detection method; clinical application

Title: Analysis on wetlands microbial diversity of the beach in Hangzhou Bay

Authors: ZHANG Jingwei, XU Xu, YANG Jifang
PP: 392-400
Abstract: In order to describe the structure of bacterial communities in Hangzhou Bay and explore the impact of Scirpus triqueter on microbial diversity, nine samples were collected from Cixi wetlands in Zhejiang in January 2011, and microbial community structure was evaluated by PCR-DGGE method. The results showed that: 1) The microbial community was mainly consisted of Proteobacteria (Delta proteobacteria, Gamma proteobacteria, Beta proteobacteria), Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes and Acidobacteria in Hangzhou Bay wetlands, and Proteobacteria accounted for 36.2%; 2) DGGE denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprinting revealed that the microbial community structures of samples from the soil covered by S. triqueter were significantly richer than that from the bare beach; 3) The medium tide and high tide had similar structures of microbial communities in the S5 station, and the main difference was the compositions of microbial communities of surface layer and deep layer.
Keywords: microbiology; microbial diversity; community structure; PCR-DGGE; wetlands

Title: Roles and advantages of mutant in molecular mechanism of VBNC bacteria

Authors: LI Ying, WANG Weili, MENG Qingfeng
PP: 387-391
Abstract: It is difficult to research mechanism of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria, because VBNC bacteria are unstable, and they easily get death and disappearance. Some expressing known genes were analyzed by comparing normal and VBNC state, but VBNC mechanism wasn’t still objectively expounded. Mechanism progress, mutant advantages and mutant detection technology with denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) are reviewed in order to provide new method and thought for researchers.
Keywords: microbiology; mutant; reviews; viable but non-culturable state; molecular mechanism

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