Current Issue

Previous Issue | Next Issue

October 15,2011
Volume 4,Issue 19
Pages -
Subject Area:Food Processing Technology,Food Nutriology,Forestry Engineering,Forest Ecology,Forest Protection,Biological Control of Pest,Agricultural Engineering,Crop Cultivation

Title: Research on extraction technology of mulberry anthocyanins by pectinase

Authors: LONG Pei, FAN Gongjian, WU Caie, LIU Wei
PP: 1799-1805
Abstract: The techniques of extraction of anthocyanins by pectinase were optimized to increase the anthocyanins yield of mulberry. The enzyme concentration, enzymolysis time and enzymolysis temperature were investigated as the main factors in this study. According to the results of single factor experiments, response surface method was performed. The anthocyanins yield was determined by extinction coefficient method. The optimum conditions of pectinase extraction of anthocyanins from mulberry were as follows: the concentration of enzyme 11.64 mg/g raw material, temperature 33.1℃, time 1.79 h, pH value 3.0. Under these conditions, the anthocyanins yield reached 1.78 mg/g raw material. Confirmatory tests showed that using the optimized parameters of mulberry anthocyanins extracted, reach amount of anthocyanins increased 1.6 times than non-enzyme, 1.2 times than single-factor. The enzymatic extraction can be used for industrial extraction of mulberry anthocyanins.
Keywords: food processing technology; mulberry; pectinase; anthocyanin; extraction

Title: Relationship between Hcy and heart cerebrovascular disease and its pathogenesis

Authors: HUANG Tao, LI Duo
PP: 1791-1798
Abstract: Increased plasma homocysteine (Hcy) takes a part in oxidizing reaction and produces superoxide and peroxide damaging endothelial cells of blood vessels, changing functions of blood coagulation factors, inducing vascular wall macrophages reaction and causing vascular wall adipose accumulation. The mechanism of Hcy on heart cerebrovascular disease pathogenesis still remains a mystery in many aspects. More studies are needed to further clarify the heart cerebrovascular disease pathogenesis of hyperhomocysteinemia. The aim of this review paper is to summarize the role of elevated Hcy levels in heart cerebrovascular disease and other diseases and the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology involved in deleterious manifestations of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy).
Keywords: food nutriology; homocysteine; reviews; pathogenesis; heart cerebrovascular disease; hyperhomocysteinemia

Title: Itaconic acid production from carbohydrates of lignocellulose by Aspergillus terreus

Authors: LI Xin, MA Rui, WU Hao, SHAN Zongxing
PP: 1786-1790
Abstract: Fermentation conditions for production of itaconic acid by Aspergillus terreus were optimized by single-factor experiments. Compared to the effect of glucose, the effects of different carbon sources on production of itaconic acid were investigated using enzymatic hydrolyzate from acid steam-pretreated corn stover. The optimal culture conditions by single-factor design were: initial glucose 80 g/L, initial pH 2.5, inoculum 7% (volume ratio), rotation speed 200 r/min and broth volume 50 mL. The concentration of itaconic acid was 28.28 g/L in shake-flask cultivation. Inhibitors in enzymatic hydrolyzate had a negative effect on production of itaconic acid by A. terreus.
Keywords: chemical processing engineering of forest products; itaconic acid; Aspergillus terreus; corn stover

Title: Study on sustainability for environmental and socio-economic impacts of CDM-AR projects activities

Authors: WU Shuhong, WANG Shuang
PP: 1781-1785
Abstract: Sustainability of environmental and socio-economic impacts from afforestation and reforestation projects under clean development mechanism (CDM) was analyzed based on investigating documents relating to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and national policies from the angle of the potential environmental and socio-economic impacts of project activities in project areas. The result showed that the sustainability of environmental impacts depends on if the project developer have make out and practice monitoring plans which benefits conservation for biodiversity and climate in project areas. The sustainability of socio-economic impacts depends on whether the stakeholders have participated in design, development and management of the project, and whether their benefits from the project are as more as possible. Evaluation tool for sustainability of environmental and socio-economic impacts of CDM-AR project activities was proposed in this paper, which will help policymaker assess effects that project boosts sustainable development in China.
Keywords: silviculture; clean development mechanism; forestry carbon sink; environmental impact; socio-economic impact; sustainable development

Title: Cloning and sequence analysis of endo-β-1,4-glucanase gene of Leptographium qinlingensis

Authors: CHEN Hui, TANG Ming, GAO Ruixia
PP: 1775-1780
Abstract: The experiment uses polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplifying the 742 bp endo-β-1,4-glucanases gene fragment LQ-CX of Leptographium qinlingensis Tang et Chen. Sequence analysis showed that the cloned LQ-CX segment had length of 742 bp. BLAST of the nucleotide sequence showed that the nucleotide sequence homology with the published Pyrus communis endo-1,4-β-glucosidase gene (GenBank No. AB084463.1 and AB067644.1) was 80%, amino acid sequence homology shared 85% with Eucalyptus globules (AAZ08322.1) and Populus tremuloides (AAS45400.1). It showed that the cellulose gene of L.qinlingensis might be co-evoluted with the host pine trees. Homology analysis of sequence from LQ-CX and other 6 cellulase of GenBank available with DNAMAN5.2.2 showed that LQ-CX gene was closely related to Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus kawachii. It shows that the evolution of cellulose gene of L.qinlingensis may be related to the evolution of species, and the CX gene and P. chrysogenum, A. kawachii cellulase gene may belong to the same type.
Keywords: forest conservation; Leptographium qinlingensis; cellulase; gene clone; Dendroctonus armandi

Title: Risk assessment and population dynamics of wheat pests in Yinchuan plain

Authors: LU Chun, GUAN Xiaoqing, WANG Ying, ZHAO Zihua, HE Dahan
PP: 1767-1774
Abstract: This paper used a comprehensive assessment system, which had 2 sub-systems, 5 respects and 14 indicators. The method of risk assessment indices and the method of experience formula were used to analyze risk of pests in different management of spring wheat fields. Results showed that, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), Schizaphis graminum and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) were the frequent disaster pests. Pentfaleus major (Duges), Sitodiplosis mosellana (G6hin) and Mythimna separate (Walker) were the incidental disaster pests. Optimal 3 separations were most fitting to divide wheat pest sub communities. The whole stages were the infancy period (before May 15th), the exponential period (from May 15th to June 10th), and the recession period (after June 10th). Dynamics of populations of the frequent disaster pests showed that the exponential period was the key periods to control pests. Dynamics of populations showed that the frequent disaster pests only had one exponential growth stage in one year. The optimal controlling stage was from late part of the infancy period to early part of exponential period which was the key periods to control pests.
Keywords: agricultural entomology and pest control; risk assessment; wheat field; disaster pests; optimal separations; control strategies

Title: Real time monitoring system of greenhouse substrate electrical conductivity based on the Internet of Things

Authors: LI Ao, WANG Zhuo, LI Minzan
PP: 1761-1766
Abstract: In order to monitor greenhouse substrate electrical conductivity (EC), the Internet of Things was adopted to develop a real time monitoring system. The system consisted of one coordinator and several sensor nodes. The four-electrode method was introduced to measure the EC. A constant current source, generated by excitation source circuit, was inserted into soil by the lateral electrodes. And then the voltage between medial electrodes was detected and processed by the signal processing circuit. The result would be sent to the coordinator by ZigBee wireless module. MC55GPRS module was added to the coordinator, connected by UART1 of JN5139. Data could be transmitted to the internet by GPRS. Then, server software was developed by C# to receive the data from GPRS. The function to observe data was also designed in the software. A test was conducted to the system. It showed that the system could collect, transmit and receive data stably. The system was suitable for long time monitoring.
Keywords: greenhouse substrate; electrical conductivity; precision agriculture

Title: Effects of drying conditions on amylose content of rice

Authors: ZHENG Xianzhe, LIU Chenghai, LIN Zhen, LIU Haijun
PP: 1755-1760
Abstract: According to the central composite design experiment in a thin-layer drying experimental setup, the interaction effects of various drying conditions in terms of drying temperature, apparent wind speed and initial moisture content on amylase content were studied, and the optimal process parameters were obtained by using the response surface method. The results showed that the drying temperature had the most importance effects on the amylose content, followed by the apparent wind speed, and at least is the initial moisture content. Then the optimum parameters were obtained as follows: drying temperature of 52℃, apparent wind speed of 0.52 m/s, and the initial moisture content of 22.40%, in which conditions the amylose contents can be 15.80%, and the relative error was only 1.01% comparing with optimum theory parameters according to verifying experiment. These optimum parameters can be used to guide the produce of paddy drying operation.
Keywords: agricultural engineering; rice; drying temperature; apparent wind speed; initial moisture content; amylose

Title: Screening and identification of nitrobacteria from tea garden soil in Taian, Shandong

Authors: YU Yawei, HUANG Xiaoqin, WANG Naidong, HAN Xiaoyang, ZHANG Lixia
PP: 1749-1754
Abstract: By the experimental procedure of enrichment culture and microbial purification, three nitrosobacteria (A1-A3) and three nitrobacteria (N1-N3) were screened from tea garden soil in Shandong province. According to the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, the nitrifying activity of strains arranged as fallows: A3>A1>A2, N3>N1>N2. On the basis of the characteristics of strain’s physiological and biochemistry, the strain A3 was preliminary identified as Nitrosomonas and N2 as Nitrospina. In addition, the effect of temperature and pH on the nitrifying activity of A3 and N2 were measured. The result showed that the optimum temperature of two strains were 30℃; but their optimal pH were different, A3 for 8.0, N2 for 7.5.
Keywords: tea science; tea garden soil; identification; nitrobacteria

Title: Establishment of a two-dimensional electrophoresis system for Brassica napus root protein

Authors: WANG Zhifang, WANG Zhenhua, CHEN Shuisen, SHI Lei, XU Fangsen
PP: 1742-1748
Abstract: In this paper, optimized technical system of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) including the gel strength, pH range and length of IPG strip, technical parameters in IEF and SDS-PAGE was screened, and a 2-DE system was finally set up for proteome research of Brassica napus root, e.g. 18 cm IPG strips with liner pH 5-8 were adopted in IEF, 12% gel concentration was used in SDS-PAGE, the SDS-PAGE was performed in a low voltage of 50 V firstly to ensure protein sample getting into gels, then changed to 120 V for protein separation.
Keywords: plant nutrition; two-dimensional electrophoresis; Brassica napus; proteomics; technical system

Title: Effects of agronomic traits on yield of Brassica napus L.

Authors: WU Jianzhong
PP: 1737-1741
Abstract: By growing the DH series of Brassica napus L.repeatedly, the paper collects test data and performs collation, analysis and summary to the data for identifying the effects of several agronomic traits on the yield, as well as the correlations among related traits. The results showed that: under the research conditions, the traits having high contributions to plant yield are: thousand seed weight> an effective branch number> pod grains> plant height > main inflorescence pods > length of main inflorescence.
Keywords: crop genetics breeding; Brassica napus L.; agronomic traits; yield

Title: Design and realization of rice growth monitoring and prediction system

Authors: ZHU Yuanli, WANG Hang, ZHU Yan, CAO Weixing, TIAN Yongchao, SHEN Shuping
PP: 1727-1736
Abstract: Using system design and component-based program design technology, rice growth monitoring and predicting system (RGMPS) based on integrating remote sensing and RicetGrow model was developed. The object oriented programming technology was used and Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 was taken as the development environment and C# as the programming language to define the system structure and interface, and the remote sensing processing modules were developed by IDL.Varied functions were realized by this system, such as image preprocessing and spectral information extraction, growth monitoring based on RS, growth, yield simulating and predicting, spatial analysis, spatial information management, thematic mapping, and so on. The system developed in this paper performed well in growth monitoring and management decision supporting.
Keywords: crop cultivation; growth monitoring and predicting system; remote sensing; growth monitoring

Title:

Authors:
PP:
Abstract:
Keywords:

Title: Study on spatial distribution of soil nutrients characteristics of typical county in Jianghan plain

Authors: YANG Yong, HE Liyuan, ZHANG Chutian
PP: 1714-1719
Abstract: 657 soil samples (GPS used for recording sample location) were collected in Shayang county located in the hinterland of northwest Jianghan plain in 2007. Organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) contents were measured. The spatial pattern of the data was analyzed using both traditional descriptive statistics and geo-statistics. The semi-variogram of geostatistics analysis indicated OM, TN and AP had moderate spatial autocorrelations, but AK had weak spatial autocorrelations. Maps of spatial distribution of soil nutrients were produced using kriging interpolation method. The result indicated OM and TN in the region had some relevance characterized by large-patch distribution. However, AP and AK were characterized by small and medium patch distribution.
Keywords: pedogeography; soil nutrients; spatial distribution; Jianghan plain; Kriging

Title: Study on soil carbon storage of urban ecosystem and its dynamic evolution

Authors: WANG Cheng, LIU Yong, LIU Xiuhua, CI En, LUO Jin
PP: 1707-1713
Abstract: Urban soil exhibits different features, such as soil compaction, artificial disturbance of topsoil, invasiveness of alien plants, cleaning of fallen leaves and so on, which have an impact on the carbon storage of urban soil. There are some spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of soil carbon density and storage in urbanized area, including the various functional zones, the different vegetation cover zones. Study shows that the density of carbon in different urban districts can be ranged in the following order, from the largest figure to the smallest one is recreational district, industrial district, traffic district, cultural and educational district, and administrative and residential district. As to the urban-rural gradient the order is urban, suburban and suburbs. Under different cover from high to low is forest land, garden, bare ground. With the process of city development, the carbon density has a trend of growing in terms of time series. Soil carbon pools in different functional areas have a greater spatial variability, and generally tend to slow down in total. Then the future research of soil carbon storage in urbanized area is prospected.
Keywords: agricultural ecology; soil carbon storage; reviews; urbanization; functional zoning

Alert Name:
Alerting to:
Authentication email will be sent to your email address in 24 hours
Frequency:
Email Message Format:	Plain text Graphical(HTML)

Complete the form below and we will recommend the selected titles to your friends on your behalf. * Indicates a required field.
Your name*:
Your email address*:
Recipient's name*:
Recipient's email address*:
(multiple recipient's names and email addresses should be separated with semicolons)
Your comments:	I thought you would find the page(s) useful.

Your name:
Your email address:
Recipient's name:
Recipient's email address:
(multiple recipient's names and email addresses should be separated with semicolons)
Your comments:	I thought you would find this page useful.

Disclaimer: This message was sent to your friend using the "Send it to a friend" facility on the Sciencepaper Online’ WWW site, http://www.paper.edu.cn/en. The Sciencepaper Online is not responsible for the content of this email, and anything said in this email does not necessarily reflect the Sciencepaper Online's views.

	Check out RSS, or use RSS reader to subscribe this item