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September 15,2011
Volume 4,Issue 17
Pages -
Subject Area:Biomechanics (including Biological Fluid Mechanics and Biorheology, etc.),Botany,Ecology,Cell Biology,Biotechnology,Animal Parasitology

Title: Survey analysis on knee injury of college man volleyball players

Authors: LIANG Yiwei, SUN Ping
PP: 1618-1623
Abstract: Through analysis of questionnaire survey conducted on man volleyball players in 2010 Beijing College Volleyball Games (Professional Group), this paper discovers the following results: the major knee injury of Beijing college man volleyball players are disease of the end of the upper edge of patella, chondromalacia of patella and ligament injury; also, there are patterns on the relationship between injury and training period as well as between injury and position on the course. The main reasons of knee injury are: insufficient warm-up exercise, superposition of sport fatigue and overload on certain parts of knee, thus, this paper provides grounds for coaches and athletes to learn the state and the cause of knee injury.
Keywords: sports training; volleyball; knee; injury; survey

Title: Research on impact to human body in high intensity exercise process

Authors: WANG Peiyong, XING Yu, LONG Feixiao, FU Lanying
PP: 1610-1617
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the heart impulse load effect of the high intensity exercise. A set of self-designed wireless equipment was applied in the measuring of instantaneous heart rate and oxygen content of muscle in the 100 m dash. As a result, in 100 m dash, anaerobic metabolism is main. In the first 7 s since start, as the non-lactate function of the anaerobic metabolism, the muscle oxygen saturation varied less. After the first 7 s, the consumption of the muscle oxygen occurred. As a conclusion, bi-wave-lengthen near-infrared spectroscopy tissue oxygen measurement and sports heart rate wireless real-time collection system can correctly detect oxygen content of muscle and heart rate in high intensity exercise in phase.
Keywords: sports physiology; high intensity exercise; oxygen content of muscle; instantaneous heart rate; heart impulse load

Title: Body composition and bone mineral density in female middle-distance runners

Authors: LI Hongjuan, CHEN Leqin
PP: 1603-1609
Abstract: Objective: To determine the body composition and bone mineral density of female middle-distance runners and compare with controls. Methods: 8 female middle-distance runners and 30 non-athlete controls recruited from Beijing Sport University were evaluated for measurements of body composition and bone density by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Results: Comparing to the control group, the middle-distance runners have lower body fat mass and body fat percentage in terms of whole body and several parts. There are no significant differences in bone mineral mass and bone mineral density of whole body and upper part between athletes and non-athletes. However, the bone mineral mass or bone mineral density of the pelvis, trunk and legs of runners are greater than controls significantly (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The characteristics of low body fat percentage and higher bone density in the pelvis and legs of female runners might be related to the chronic training. The special standard of bone mineral density for athletes might be required. Body composition and energy balance of female middle-distance runners should be monitored closely, especially for their effect on reproductive function of female athletes.
Keywords: human movement science; body composition; dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; female athlete triad

Title: Analysis on asthma mechanism based on the computational fluid dynamics by use of real airway model

Authors: ZHAO Youhong, HE Hai, DENG Linhong
PP: 1596-1602
Abstract: The 3D model was analyzed in ANSYS-CFX for fluid properties, the process was simulated by setting the boundary condition as some small airways shut down one by one just like the asthma occurred, the condition of pressure and air velocity in and on the airway was analyzed. It was found that when that situation happened, the neighbor small airway would be shut down together with those had been closed, so avalanche occurred and then transformed into the disease asthma.
Keywords: biomechanics; computational fluid dynamics; 3D airway; asthma; avalanche

Title: A preliminary note on Synura from China

Authors: FENG Jia, XIE Shulian
PP: 1592-1595
Abstract: By identifying and classifying the Synura plants from China, this paper reports seven species of Synura from China, which include S. petersenii, S. uvella, S. sphagnicola, S. echinulata, S. mammillosa, S. curtispina and S. spinosa.
Keywords: botany; Synura; Chrysophyta; China

Title: The comparison of seed dispersal model

Authors: MA Pan, AN Huifang
PP: 1586-1591
Abstract: Based on summarizing the phenomenological model and mechanistic model used by most ecologists to describe seed dispersal, the effect of scale parameter u and shape parameter p on seed dispersal is analyzed using Clark’s 2Dt model. The influence of different amount of descendant seeds on coexistence time of two species is found through simulation. The results show that it takes one species much more time to get rid of the other when they have more descendant seeds and have the same dispersal pattern under completely random condition. But when they have only one descendant seed, the coexistence time will be almost the same even they've different seed dispersal patterns.
Keywords: theoretical ecology; seed dispersal; phenomenological model; mechanistic model; coexistence time

Title: Ecophysiological effect of endophyte infection on Achnatherum sibiricum in different populations

Authors: JIA Tong, REN Anzhi, YIN Lijia, WEI Maoying, GAO Yubao
PP: 1579-1585
Abstract: This experiment studied the effect of endophyte infection in different growth stages of Achnatherum sibiricum between Hailar population and Xilinhot population. The results showed that the effect of Neotyphodium on A. sibiricum was related to the original environment and different growth stages of A. sibiricum. At seedling stage, endophyte infection significantly increased plant height, leaf mass per area, water use efficiency and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency of Hailar population. At later growth stage, endophyte infection made a significant contribution to the photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency of Xinlinhot population. There were no significant differences in biomass distribution, chlorophyll content and leaf nitrogen content of A. sibiricum in two populations.
Keywords: Neotyphodium endophyte; Achnatherum sibiricum; photosynthetic characteristics; original environment

Title: Hierarchical biomass allocation patterns of invasive plant Spartina alterniflora clonal system

Authors: XIAO Yan, TANG Junbing, QING Hua, AN Shuqing
PP: 1572-1578
Abstract: Spartina alterniflora clones generating primary, secondary and tertiary clonal offspring were chosen and biomass of different generations to total biomass ratios and biomass allocations in different generations were examined. The mother ramets to whole clone biomass ratio were highest in the whole clone, but decreased with the increasing generations of clonal offspring. Mother ramets invested more on leaf and sexual reproduction, whereas clonal offspring invested more on root system and clonal reproduction. Clonal ramets showed different strategies within clones: mother ramets specialized in long-distance diffusion through seed which would avoid competition with their younger ramets; while younger ramets specialized in short-distance expansion by clonal reproduction to occupy the habitats around the developed clones.
Keywords: ecology; Spartina alterniflora; biomass allocation; clones; clonal plant; biological invasion

Title: Mycorrhizal study of Pedicularis L. from Gansu Province

Authors: SHI Guoxi, HE Lei, LIU Yongjun, FENG Huyuan
PP: 1566-1571
Abstract: In this paper, mycorrhizal fungal colonization in 13 species of Pedicularis L. from Gansu Province was determined. The results revealed that: all 13 species of Pedicularis L are colonized by mycorrhizal fungi, and both mycorrhizal fungal, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE), are co-existed in the root system of 6 species of Pedicularis L. Significant differences of AMF, DSE, total colonization and AMF∶DSE ratio are existed between species of Pedicularis L. Above results suggest that the potential role of AMF and DSE should be considered in artificial cultivation of Pedicularis L except for host-plant.
Keywords: mycorrhizology; Pedicularis L; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; dark septate endophytes

Title: Effect of photoperiod on energy budget in Apodemus chevrieri

Authors: LI Xiaoting, WANG Bei, WANG Zhengkun
PP: 1562-1565
Abstract: In order to understand the effect of photoperiod on energy budget in Apodemus chevrieri, the energy budget of A.chevrieri was measured in different photoperiod condition (short photoperiod (8 L∶16 D), normal photoperiod (12 L∶12 D) and long photoperiod (16 L∶8 D)). The results show that: dry matter intake and energy intake in A.chevrieri decrease with the increase of daylight, they all arrive at tiptop in short photoperiod, they take the second place in normal photoperiod and are lowest in long photoperiod. In long photoperiod, energy intake, digested energy, digestibility, metabolizable energy, assimilation rate and energy loss from faeces of A.chevrieri are lower than which in normal photoperiod. Urine energy and proportion of urine energy are lowest in short photoperiod. This indicates that photoperiod is an important environmental factor to affect the energy metabolism of A.chevrieri.
Keywords: physiological ecology; photoperiod; Apodemus chevrieri; energy budget

Title: Construction of eukaryotic expression and miRNA expression vector of autophagy gene BECN1

Authors: REN Yizhong, LI Chufang, PAN Weiqi, SUN Caijun, CHEN Ling
PP: 1556-1561
Abstract: The coding sequence of BECN1 was obtained from human cDNA library by specific primers using PCR and was cloned to eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA4. The construct was verified by PCR and enzymatic digestion. Specific miRNA targeting BECN1 ORF was designed and cloned to miRNA expression vector pCDNA6.2. The eukaryotic expression vector could express BECN1 protein and was interfered by the specific miRNA expression vector. The vectors provided a good tool to study the biological function of BECN1.
Keywords: cell biology; BECN1; eukaryotic expression vector ; miRNA expression vector

Title: Effect of centrobin depletion on cell cycle

Authors: WANG Chanjuan, CHEN Xiuting, ZHOU Xingyu, TIAN Han, DAI Ting, SONG Libing, LI Jun
PP: 1549-1555
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the biological significance of centrobin in cell cycle. Methods: Si-RNA transfections were used to establish cell model. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to estimate the efficiency of the transfections. And, MTT assay, bromodeoxyuridine labeling and immunofluorescence were used to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle. Results: Silencing centrobin expression prevented breast cancer cell line MCF-7 from G1 phase to S phase and inhibited MCF-7 proliferation, whereas another breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231, a p53 mutation cell line, was not affected. Furthermore, cell cycle regulator p53 was up-regulated while centrobin was knocked out in MCF-7 cells. Conclusion: Centrobin plays an important role in the regulation of cell cycle. Impaired centrosome duplication by interfering the expression of centrobin is closely related with the cell cycle progression.
Keywords: molecular biology; cell cycle; centrobin; flow cytometry; p53

Title: Optimization of fermentation conditions for Echinocandins B deacylase production by strain N-04-06

Authors: SUN Yan, WANG Xiangjing
PP: 1542-1548
Abstract: In this paper, to study the effect of fermentation conditions on the production of Echinocandins B (ECB) deacylase by strain N-04-06, response surface method was used to optimize the fermentation conditions in this study. Taguchi design was used to examine the significance of factors, and to confirm the level of each factor. The optimum level ranges of the significant factors were studied by using response surface. The optimal culture condition was confirmed: sucrose 14.3 g/L, peptone 12.8 g/L, cotton-seed powder 15.3 g/L, cultural temperature 28℃. The optimal condition was applied to produce ECB deacylase in a 50 L fermenter. The experiment result showed that the following conditions were suitable during ECB deacylase production: the stepwise control of pH, culture temperature, aeration rate and agitation speed. Through the utilization of these operation techniques, strain N-04-06 grew well with a higher dried mycelia weight 21.2 g/L after 56 hours fermentation, and the production was obtained with the stable enzyme activity higher than 16.2 U/L after 72 hours fermentation.
Keywords: microbiology; response surface method; Taguchi design; Box-Behnken design; deacylase; fed-batch fermentation

Title: Effect of HCMV encoding protein pUL23 on Hela cell proliferation and cell cycle

Authors: YUN Yueming, LI Hongjian
PP: 1537-1541
Abstract: Objective: pUL23 is a protein that is encoded by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and it regulates propagation of the virus. This study aims to research into pUL23 on Hela cell proliferation and cell cycle, meanwhile provides the basis for demonstrating the molecular mechanism of pUL23 functions. Methods: Used the Hela cells with transfection of pcDNA and pcDNA-UL23-Flag as models, MTT assay was used to measure the impact of pUL23 on cell proliferation; pUL23 on cell cycle was detected by PI staining; cell cycle protein expression level changes were evaluated by western blotting detection. Results: The results showed that pUL23 accelerated the Hela cell cycle from G0/G1→S phase transition, but had no effect on cell proliferation; compared with the negative control, the expression of cell cycle protein P21 was significantly reduced and no significant difference was found in the expression level of P16 when pUL23 was over-expressed. Conclusion: It is concluded that pUL23 could regulate virus self-reproduction by affecting Hela cell cycle.
Keywords: microbiology; human cytomegalovirus; pUL23; Hela cell; MTT; cell cycle

Title: Research progress on population genetic structure of parasitic nematodes from animal and plant

Authors: ZHANG Luping
PP: 1531-1536
Abstract: The progress of population genetic structure of parasites has been accelerated with the development of molecular biology. It is very important for the study of evolutionary biology, epidemiology and resistance of drugs. In the present paper, the advances of population genetic structure of parasitic nematodes from animals and plants are reviewed and puts forward the prospect of the research.
Keywords: systematic zoology; nematodes; reviews; population genetic structure

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