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September 15,2016
Volume 9,Issue 17
Pages -
Subject Area:Biopharmaceutics,Chemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Anesthesiology,Biomedical Engineering,Basis Pharmacology

Title: Rapid determination of trace perfluorinated compounds in environmental water sample by magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Authors: ZHOU Yusun, TAO Yun, ZHOU Tingting, SHEN Xiaoli, MEI Surong
PP: 1827-1833
Abstract: In this study, using a novel magnetic nanocomposite (Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2&F13) prepared in our laboratory, a convenient, rapid and effective magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) procedure was established for selective separation and concentration of nine perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in environmental water sample, and then an ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) system was employed for the detection of PFCs. Under the optimized MSPE conditions, an enrichment factor of 1 000 was achieved by extracting trace PFCs from 500 mL of water sample and redissolving the analytes in 0.5 mL of methanol:water (7:3, volume ratio). Good linearity of the developed analytical method was in the range of 0.5-100 ng•L-1 with R2≥0.991 7, and the limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.029 to 0.099 ng•L-1. At three different fortified concentrations of 0.5-50 ng•L-1, the spiked recoveries of PFCs in the range of 90.05%-106.67% were obtained with RSD≤12.62% (n=3), indicating good accuracy and precision. Compared with other reported methods, the proposed technique has many advantages ranging from fast analytical efficiency, wide linearity range, high sensitivity to good stability, which made it more practical for trace PFCs monitoring and its occurrence investigation in environmental water sample.
Keywords: sanitary inspection; perfluorinated compounds; magnetic solid-phase extraction; environmental water sample; rapid determination

Title: Neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of 3-n-butylphthalide bearing NO/H2S-donating moieties 8d against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

Authors: LAN Li, JI Jing, JI Hui
PP: 1820-1826
Abstract: Objective: To determine the potential effects of orally administered 3-n-butylphthalide bearing NO/H2S-donating moieties 8d on rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion. Methods: With the exception of animals in sham group, all animals in treatment groups were subjected to ischemia/reperfusion by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with thread technique. The ability of anticerebral ischemia, relieving cerebral edema and antioxidation was evaluated by the measurement of neurological deficit score, ratios of infarction area, brain water content and brain tissu biochemical indexes related to oxidative stress in brain tissue. Results: Compared with the model group, 8d (380 mg/kg) can significantly reduce the neurological function, infarct size, brain water content. It also increase the level of GSH, GSH-Px, SOD and reduce the contents of MDA and reactive oxygen species (ROS). 8d (80 mg/kg) has a weak protective effect against cerebralischemia. Conclusion: 8d exhibited obvious protection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury due to its antioxidating effect.
Keywords: elderly pharmacology; 8d; cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury; middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion; antioxidation

Title: Study on secondary metabolites of the fungus Pestalotiopsis cof-feae

Authors: WANG Zhong, GAO Yujing, CHEN Bo, ZHENG Xinge, LUO Duqiang
PP: 1815-1819
Abstract: In this paper, we selected one endophytic fungi Pestalotiopsis coffeae to study on the secondary metabolites. We carried out large-scale rice solid fermentation for the strain of fungus, then we extracted and purified the products of fermentation by means of silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel filtration chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), recrystallization and so on. Structures of the extracted compounds were identified by various modern spectroscopic techniques. Seven compounds were separated and identified from this experiment. The structures of the known compounds were 6,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-3,7-dimethylisochroman-1,4-dione, bis(4-methylpen-tyl)phthalate,diisobutyl phthalate, (R)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((S)-1-hydroxyethyl)isobenzofuran- 1(3H)-one, (S)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((S)-1-hydroxyethyl)isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one, (R)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((S)-1- hydroxyethyl)-6-methylisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one, (S)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((S)-1-hydroxyethyl)-6-methylisoben- zofuran-1(3H)-one.
Keywords: biopharmacy; endophytic fungi; secondary metabolites; bioactivity

Title: Quality standard determination of ecliptasaponin A and ecliptasaonin Ι from Eclipta using HPLC-ELSD

Authors: PAN Qing, MA Luyu, TIAN Jingkui
PP: 1810-1814
Abstract: Objective: To research the quality standards for saponin from the Eclipta. Methods: we identified the characteristics of the Fructus ligustri lucidi from 5 different producing areas, and determined their contents of the moisture and the extraction. We also use the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-evaporative light-scattering detector (ELSD) to establish the method of determining the saponin from Eclipta. We applied the twenty times of 70% ethanol to extract total saponin from the 5 different producing areas’ Eclipta 5 times. Then we merged, enriched the extract and determined the total saponin content. Results: The content of moisture is conformed to the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China. The content of the 70% ethanol extraction couldn’t be less than 20%. When the content of the saponin from Eclipta is in the equivalent of ecliptasaponin A and ecliptasaonin Ι, the result couldn’t be less than 0.45%. Conclusion: This study replenished the quality standard of the contents of saponin from Eclipta, which laid a foundation for its further development.
Keywords: chemistry of Chinese medicine; saponin from Eclipta; quality standard; moisture; extraction

Title: Study on liver protection of Wuling San against liver inflammatory injury and its mechanism in fructose-induced mice

Authors: YANG Ying, ZHANG Dongmei, JIAO Ruiqing, KONG Lingdong, LI Jianmei
PP: 1800-1809
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the protection of Wuling San against liver inflammatory injury and its mechanisms in fructose-induced mice. Methods: ICR mice were fed with 30% fructose in drinking water for 6 weeks. Then mice were orally administrated for the next 6 weeks with water, Wuling San, positive drug allopurinol daily, respectively. Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in liver tissue and IL-1β levels in serum and liver tissues, pathological changes and lipid deposition in the liver were observed. Liver JNK/IRS1/Akt signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammatory body related protein expression levels were detected. Results: Wuling San significantly decreased lipid deposition in the liver of fructose-fed mice. It also inhibited hepatic inflammation and reduced serum and hepatic IL-1β levels in fructose-fed mice. Wuling San regulated hepatic insulin signaling pathway (JNK/IRS1/Akt), suppressed NF-κB signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the liver of fructose-fed mice. Conclusion: Wuling San was demonstrated to improve fructose-induced metabolic syndrome in mice. Wuling San also reduced hepatic TG accumulation and inflammation in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome of mice, which may be associated with the regulation of hepatic insulin signaling, suppression of NF-κB signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in this animal model. This study initially reveals liver protection mechanism by which Wuling San alleviates inflammation and injury in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome of mice, and may provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders-associated liver injury in clinic.
Keywords: pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine; Wuling San; excess fructose intake; liver injury; NLRP3 inflammasome; NF-κB

Title: Application of succession of prescriptions with Rhizoma Cyperi in the treatment with gynecological disease

Authors: LIU Chao, LIU Xiaotian, ZHANG Lin
PP: 1795-1799
Abstract: n this paper, we expound the function of Rhizoma Cyperi, including dispersing stagnated liver qi for relieving qi stagnation, recuperating activities of qi and promoting qi circulation to relieve pain. Compendium of Materia Medica and many other ancient medical books have the record. After analysing the prescription collected in the Chinese medical software which Rhizoma Cyperi as the main ingredients in gynecological disease, we expatiate the function of different prescription appling to different kinds of gynecological disease. The results showed that the succession of prescriptions such as Xiangfu San, Xiangfu Bing, Sizhi Xiangfu Wan, Qizhi Xiangfu Wan, Jiuzhi Xiangfu Wan, Jiawei Xiangfu Wan and Cuzhi Xiangfu Wan were applied for the treatment of menopathy, pregnancy disease and leukorrheal diseases, to enclose the prominence status of Rhizoma Cyperi in the treatment with gynecological disease.
Keywords: traditional Chinese medicine; Rhizoma Cyperi; the Chinese medical software; gynecological disease

Title: Correlation study between Sirt1 expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells with the pathological process of rheumatoid arthritis

Authors: GAN Lu, HE Yijin, WANG Yantang, SHI Guixiu
PP: 1789-1794
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the potential effect of a Sirtuins family member, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), in the pathological process of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: In the study, 79 RA patients and 58 age-/sex-matched healthy volunteers were randomly selected, and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected. The total RNA was extracted from PBMCs and the Sirt1 transcripts were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The correlations between Sirt1 mRNA and clinical test indexes were confirmed by Spearman correlation analysis using SPSS softwere. Results: Compared to healthy volunteers, the Sirt1 transcripts were obviously reduced in PBMCs from RA patients. The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that the Sirt1 mRNA expression of PBMCs from RA patients were negatively correlated with the DAS28, the serum rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in RA patients. Conclusion: The reduced expression of Sirt1 is closely correlated with the physiological process of RA, which provides a novel insight for the diagnosis and therapy strategy of RA.
Keywords: rheumatology and autoimmune diseases; autoimmune disease; rheumatoid arthritis; Sirt1; peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Title: Effects of different time course of isoflurane on β-catenin expression in the hippocampus of developing rats

Authors: SUN Lining, SUN Yue, QI Jun, WANG Xueqin, LI Kezhong
PP: 1785-1788
Abstract: Objective: To compare effects of different time course of isoflurane on β-catenin expression in the hippocampus of developing rats. Methods: Thirty-two 7-day-old SD male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group inhalation of O2 instead of isoflurane (A), inhalation of 2% isoflurane 2 h group (B) , inhalation of 2% isoflurane 4 h group (C) and inhalation of 2% isoflurane 6 h group (D). Rats in every group were no hypoxia and CO2 accumulation occurred in the process. 6 h after treatment rats were killed and randomly divided into RT-PCR group and Western blotting group. Their hippocampuses were removed immediately to detect the expression of β-catenin protein. Results: In the group of PCR, compared with control group, the level of β-catenin was increased markedly (P
Keywords: anesthesiology; inhalation anesthesia; isoflurane; hippocampus; β-catenin

Title: Inhibitory effects of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of exogenous Tum5 gene on human umbilical endothelial cells

Authors: JIA Yurong, YANG Wei, ZHANG Hong, ZHANG Yan, SUN Jing
PP: 1778-1784
Abstract: Objective: To study the effects of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of exogenous Tum5 gene on the proliferation, migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Methods: The empty adenoviral vector expressing green fluorescent protein (rAd-GFP) and the adenoviral vector expressing the recombinant Tum5 gene (rAd-Tum5) were constructed and packaged into the viral particles. HUVEC were divided into normal group, empty expression vector (rAd-GFP) group, and rAd-Tum5 group. The rAd-GFP and rAd-Tum5 groups of cells were infected with the corresponding viral particles (1×1010cells/mL), and the normal group was left untreated. The CCK-8 test was used for examining the cell proliferation, the Transwell test for the cell migration, and the Matrigel test for the tube formation of the cells. The cell supernatants at 24, 48, and 72 h after viral infection were collected and examined for the protein levels of VEGF by a Human VEGF ELISA kit. Results: The results of CCK-8, Transwell and Matrigel tests showed that there were statistical differences between all the experimental groups in the proliferation, migration and tubing of the HUVEC (F=78.914, 8.524, 226.498, all P＜0.05 ). There were no statistical differences between normal group and rAd-GFP group (all P＞0.05). However, these parameters in the rAd-Tum5 group were significantly lower than the normal and the rAd-GFP groups (all P＜0.05). ELISA results showed that the VEGF protein levels in the supernatant of the rAd-Tum5 group were significantly reduced compared to those in the normal group and rAd-GFP group (all P＜0.05). There were no statistical differences between the normal group and the rAd-GFP group in the protein levels of VEGF (P＞0.05). Conclusion: The adenoviral vector-mediated overexpression of exogenous Tum5 gene can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVEC, which may be due to the Tum5-mediated inhibition of VEGF protein levels.
Keywords: ophthalmology; Tum5; endothelial cells; cell proliferation; cell migration; tube formation

Title: Construction, packaging and identification of RNAi lentiviral vectors carrying the decoy receptor 3 gene

Authors: ZHAO Tuanjie, XU Yingchen, WU Jixiang
PP: 1770-1777
Abstract: To construct, package and identify RNA interference (RNAi) lentiviral vectors carrying the decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) gene, 3 short hairpin RNA interference sequences for DcR3 gene were designed, synthesized and constructed into the lentiviral vector plasmids. The lentiviral vector plasmids were then transformed into competent Escherichia coli cells, and the positive clones were identified by PCR. The identified recombinant vectors were used to infect 293T cells. The titer of packaged virus was determined using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) 48 h after infection. PCR analysis showed that the amplified target gene was inserted in the pLKD-CMV-G&PR-U6-shRNA vector. Digestion analysis showed that the reconstructed plasmids were consistent with the theoretical fragment, and the sequencing results showed that the positive fragment was exactly the same as the target gene. Forty-eight hours after infection, more than 80% of cells displayed green fluorescence. RT-qPCR assay showed that the packaged viral titer was 6.58×108, 4.60×108, 4.63×108 IU/mL, respectively. RT-qPCR assay showed that the lentiviral vector 3 knockdowned about 61.44% of the expression of DcR3 mRNA.
Keywords: general surgery; decoy receptor 3; RNA interference; shRNA; lentiviral vectors

Title: Neurophysiological mechanisms of inhibitory control in healthy male adolescents modulated by MAOA genotype

Authors: MA Ren, ZHANG Jibiao, YAO Shuqiao
PP: 1759-1769
Abstract: A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), the gene that encodes MAO, has long been associated with aggression. Previous studies suggested that impaired response inhibition might be associated with pathological aggression, though little is known about how this process relates to the purported MAOA-aggression link. Here, we examined how MAOA genotype influences neural correlates of response inhibition in 78 healthy male adolescents using a GoStop task. At the same time, the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were collected during the GoStop task. The results showed that subjects with low-expressing alleles (MAOA-L group) showed less activation in the precuneus during response inhibition and higher levels of aggression than subjects with high-expressing alleles (MAOA-H group). And neural response during response inhibition was most prominent in the prefrontal areas, anterior cingutate, pre-supplementary motor area, and superior/inferior parietal lobule. In addition, aggression scores correlated inversely with fMRI signals in the precuneus across both groups. Consequently, we conclude that the anterior lobe of the wedge plays an important role in the control of the brain network, and altered precuneus activation may be an intermediate phenotype determining neurogenetic susceptibility to aggression.
Keywords: medical psychology; monoamine oxidase A; aggression; inhibitory control; functional magnetic resonance imaging; intermediate phenotypes

Title: Preparetion of novel nitrogen-doped carbon dots for bioimaging

Authors: ZHANG Miaomiao, FANG Zhengzou, ZHAO Xuefen, NIU Yuanyuan, LOU Jiaming, XIA Sheng, DU Fengyi
PP: 1753-1758
Abstract: Carbon dots (CDs) are new inorganic quasi-zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials, and can be applied in biomedical area due to their good biocompability and unique fluorescence properties. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) are prepared by hydrothermal process using hyaluronic acid and glycine as precursors. NCDs have the property of uniform size distribution (around 3.2 nm), hydrophilic surface groups, stable fluorescence and high fluorescence quantum yield (12%) by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FITR), fluorescence spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum. Also, NCDs have the characteristic of favorable biocompability, hemocompatibility and uptake by cancer cells, which can be applied in fluorescence imaging of tumor cells.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; nitrogen-doped carbon dots; hydrothermal process; hyaluronic acid; fluorescence imaging

Title: Observation of catalase and peroxidase activity in carbonic anhydrase III

Authors: SHANG Xiliang, CHEN Jiwu, CHEN Shiyi
PP: 1748-1752
Abstract: Objective: To observe whether carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) in skeletal muscle has catalase or peroxidase activity. Methods: After extracting from skeletal muscle, the proteins were separated by means of SDS-10%PAGE. Kaumas blue staining and Western blotting staining were used to determine the location of CAIII on the gel. Phosphatase staining was used to identify if CAIII still had enzyme activity. Iron staining and DAB staining were used to observe whether CAIII had catalase or peroxidase activity. Results: CAIII in skeletal muscle could react immunologically with anti-CAIII polyclonal antibody. According to its location, CAIII could be identified from complex protein components on the Kaumas blue staining map. Phosphatase staining showed that CAIII still had enzyme activity. However, we did not find the corresponding CAIII strip by iron staining and DAB staining. Conclusion: CAIII may not have catalase activity, and it is also not a peroxidase isozyme. The mechanism of its resistence to oxidative damage needs to be further studied.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; carbonic anhydrase III; catalase; peroxidase; phosphatase

Title: Preparation and properties of the nanoyarn and nanofiber membranes which are three-dimensional porous scaffolds based on electrospinning technology

Authors: GUO Xuran, ZHANG Kaile, ZHU Tonghe, MO Xiumei
PP: 1739-1747
Abstract: In this paper, we explored the electrospinning preparation process of collagen/poly(lactic acid-caprolactone) [P(LLA-CL)] composite nanofiber and nanoyarn. The apparent morphology and mechanical properties of the fibers were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), mechanical testing and the water contact angle measurement. In the cell proliferation, immunofluorescence and animal experiments, we focused on the porosity and pore size of the two kinds of scaffolds on tissue repair performance. Compared to nanofiber, the nanoyarns not only have good mechanical properties and hydrophilic properties, but also have large aperture and porosity for cells to grow into the scaffold. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity of cells in vitro and skin tissue repaired in vivo of two kinds of scaffolds all showed that the nanoyarn is superior to the nanofiber.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; electrospinning; nanoyarn; collagen; poly(lactic acid-caprolactone)

Title: Animal models of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody associated vasculitis

Authors: HUANG Ming, LI Weidong
PP: 1733-1738
Abstract: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV) is a severe systemic disease affecting joints, lung, kidney, skin and other tissues, whose lethality is approximately 80%. Two main targets in ANCA vasculitis are proteinase 3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) respectively. Evidence from studies has shown that animal models of MPO-ANCA disease occupy a dominant part in AAV, which also includes PR3-AAV and LAMP-2-AAV. The pathological process of MPO-AAV rodent models is similar to that of human by inducing MPO associated immune response. As a consequence, investigation using these animal models has provided approaches to mechanisms of human AAV and novel therapeutic targets. The present review will focus on the variety and establishment methods of AAV animal models to investigate the pathological process of AAV, and to provide a basis for further study of the pathogenesis of the disease.
Keywords: basis pharmacology; antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody; review; vasculitis; animal models; myeloperoxidase

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