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June 15,2015
Volume 8,Issue 11
Pages -
Subject Area:Health Administration,Health Education,Environmental Medicine,Clinical Pharmacology,Biomedical Engineering

Title: Construction of adipose triglyceride lipase expression vector

Authors: LI Songtao, LI Xiaoxia, LÜ Lin, LI Ying, SUN Changhao
PP: 1204-1208
Abstract: Objecive: To construct the expression vector of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Methods: we retrieved the cDNA library of the ATGL gene of C57BL/6 mice and cloned the coding region containing the corresponding restriction sites of the whole sequence of ATGL by using high-fidelity Taq enzyme, and then verified the accuracy of the sequence by gene sequencing. we connected the target gene and pBluescriptⅡplasmid through T4 ligase, determined by gene sequencing accuracy to make sure that the sequence was correct and then transfected the HEK293 cell with recombinant plasmid and detected the express level of ATGL mRNA and protein. Results: The PCR products of enzyme digestion and gene sequence are coincided with expectation. ATGL mRNA and protein expression in the cells are significantly increased. Conclusion: The results show that the ATGL recombinant expression vector is constructed successfully, which can be used to study the following function of ATGL gene.
Keywords: other subjects of preventive medicine and hygienic; adipose triglyceride lipase; C57BL/6 mice; construction of expressing vector

Title: Principles of public economics and users’ fee system in medical device regulatory

Authors: LIU Qingfeng
PP: 1197-1203
Abstract: In order to learn the possibility of introduction of the users’ fee in medical device regulatoary, and to improve the reform of fees system in medical devices regulatory in China, this paper applied the principles of public economics to the medical devices regulatory in deductive reasoning. The problems of costs and fees in the current situation in Chinese medical devices regulatory was analysed. The results show that the Chinese government should set users’ fee system, charges range, charging purposes and fees’ standard. Users’ fee system should be introduced in China and it can improve the efficiency of the medical devices regulation.
Keywords: health administration; principles of public economics; medical device regulation; users’ fee

Title: Comprehensive analysis of factors affecting the residents’ health literacy in China

Authors: DU Ruiqing, XU Lin, BAI Xudong
PP: 1189-1196
Abstract: Objective: To improve Chinese residents’ health literacy by revealing the main and important factors influencing their health literacy. Methods: Based on the Chinese residents’ health literacy survey data released by the Ministry of Health in 2009, 餭2 test for frequency analysis, two sample rate test and discriminant analysis were performed to test the four indexes of health literacy, basic knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyle and behaviors as well as basic techniques from four levels of national, urban, rural, and eastern, central and western regions. Results: The health literacy level of urban residents is significantly higher than that of rural (P<0.01); age is a main factor in the rural areas (P<0.01); gender has a significant effect on the comprehensive level (P<0.01); literacy level is an important factor (P<0.01) which is the higher education level, the higher level of health literacy; there are significant differences between eastern regions and western regions (P<0.05); health literacy level of central regions has the characteristic of continuous transition to western regions. Conclusion: Important and effective ways to improve the health literacy level of Chinese residents include the acceleration of urbanization, the promotion of Large-scale Development of China’s Western Regions, the enhancement of exchanges among eastern, central and western regions, and the improvement of national literacy and education.
Keywords: health education; health literacy; influential factor; comprehensive analysis

Title: Study on injury of neural function in substantia nigra and striatum of mice caused by manganese

Authors: SONG Qifan, DENG Yu, XU Bin, WANG Can, LIU Wei, XU Zhaofa
PP: 1181-1188
Abstract: Objective: To explore manganese (Mn) induced injury of neural function of substantia nigra and striatum and to elucidate the pathogenesis of manganese poisoning and provide the basis for protective effect. Methods: 48 mice were randomly divided into four groups. The first to fourth groups were the control, low Mn, medium Mn and high Mn groups, respectively. The mice in the first to fourth groups were i.p. injected with 0.9% NaCl, 12.5, 25.0, and 50.0 mg/kg MnCl2, respectively, which were exposed and intervened once every day for 2 weeks. After that, mouse independent activity frequency, stand-up times and rotating bar latency were detected. The Morris water maze test escape latency, swimming distance and frequency of crossing the loop were increased. Dark avoidance test before and after 24 h incubation period and into the darkroom times were also detected. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of substantia nigra and striatum and transmission electron microscope was used to observe ultrastructural changes of substantia nigra and striatum. Results: Compared with the control group, as the elevation of the concentration of MnCl2 administration, mice independent activity frequency, the number of standing and rotating bar latencies are reduced significantly. The Morris water maze test escape latency and swimming distance are gradually increased. Frequency of crossing the loop are gradually decreased after 6 days and 13 days. Entering the darkroom latency through test in mice are decreased gradually after 24 h incubation period, and entering the darkroom times gradually increased after 24 h incubation period. It is also found that with the increase of Mn concentration, the substantia nigra and striatum tissue pathological and ultrastructural injury are aggravated obviously. Conclusion: Excessive Mn exposure can cause dyskinesia of mice and the impairment of learning and memory, which may be related to the substantia nigra and striatum injury caused by Mn.
Keywords: environmental medicine; manganese; substantia nigra; striatum; dyskinesia; learning and memory impairment

Title: Effects of A-type K+ currents by the 5-HT1D receptor activation involving migraine in small trigeminal ganglion neurons in mice

Authors: ZHANG Yi, TAO Jin
PP: 1173-1180
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the activation of 5-HT1D receptors affecting the A-type K+ currents in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons and its possible mechanisms. Methods: By cultivating TG neurons in mice, the whole-cell patch clamp recording was used to investigate the effect of 5-HT1D receptor on A-type K+ currents in minor diameter TG neurons. Pharmacological methods were used to further explore its signaling pathways. Results: 1) Electrophysiology results reveal that sumatriptan used for treating migraine increases A-type K+ currents in mice’s minor diameter TG neurons; 2) The activation of 5-HT1D receptors increases A-type K+ currents in a dose-dependent manner in mice’s minor diameter TG neurons. 10 nmol"L"1 L694247 (agonist of 5-HT1D receptor) increases A-type K+ currents by about 67.8%. The activation of 5-HT1B receptors doesn’t increase A-type K+ currents in mice’s minor diameter TG neurons; 3) In signal pathway, GF109203X (chelerythrine chloride), the selective blocker of protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, was not involved in the 5-HT1D receptor-mediated effect. Conclusion: L694247 can activate 5-HT1D receptors in minor-diameter TG neurons to increase A-type K+ currents, while PKC pathway is not involved in the 5-HT1D receptor-mediated effect.
Keywords: other subjects of basic medicine; 5-HT1D receptors; A-type K+ currents; trigeminal ganglion neurons; migraine; sumatriptan

Title: An experimental study on the effect of therapy of warming Yang to relieve fluid retention on the gene expression in parietal pleura of r at with hydrothorax

Authors: LAI Yu, ZHAO Xinyue, LI Sisi, JIANG Cui, XIAO Hua, ZHANG Qi
PP: 1164-1172
Abstract: Objective: Genechip technology was used to measure changes in gene expression, affected by therapeutic method of warming Yang to relieve fluid retention of parietal pleura in rat. Methods: 48 male SD rats were allowed to acclimate for 3 d before used, and then were randomly divided into group A (40 rats) and control group (8 rats). Rats in group A were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, followed by the right intrapleural cavity injection of 1% λ-carrageenan solution. 24 h later, after the injection with carrageenan, the chest of rats was X-rayed, and the animals with a significant pleural effusion were determined by computed radiography for further use as modeling rats. These valid rats were further divided into model group (9 rats) with saline (5 mL/kg, 1 time per day), treatment group (10 rats) with intragastric administration of Chinese herb decoction (5 mL/kg, 1 time per day) as well as control group (8 rats) which were given saline (5 mL/kg, 1 time per day). Four days later, the animals were euthanized by bleeding from the abdominal aorta under deep anesthesia with chloral hydrate. The right parietal pleura of three rats from each group were obtained and the differential gene expression was analyzed using single channel Agilent genechip. Results: Several biological processes are involved in the differential gen expression by comparing the model group and control group as well as the treatment group and model group. The therapy of warming Yang to relieve fluid retention could conversely regulate differential expression of 16 genes caused by λ-carrageenan. The expressions of Fgd4, Mef2a, Fhl3, Dyrk2, Slc24a6, Pbrm1, LOC498368, Tp53i11, Rcan3, Hapln4, Abi1and Hlx are increased under modeling effect while decreased after intervened by herb; the expressions of Nme7, Pold2, Klk1l and Fkbp5 act oppositely. Conclusion: The therapy of warming Yang can relieve fluid retention caused by λ-carrageen, which probably related to the up-regulation of Mef2a and down-regulation of Dyrk2 and Tp53i11 expressison in parietal pleura and then reduce inflammation.
Keywords: molecular pharmacology; therapy of warming Yang; genechip technology; pleural effusion

Title: Association between HMGB1 genetic variations and hematologic toxicities of platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC patients

Authors: ZHENG Yi, YIN Jiye, LIU Zhaoqian
PP: 1157-1163
Abstract: Objective: Aimed at discussing the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and hematologic toxicity of platinum-based therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods: Sequenom Mass ARRAY was used to detect 3 tagged SNPs in HMGB1 in 437 NSCLC patients as well as their effect on the hematologic toxicity of the platinum-based chemotherapy. Results: No significant correlation is discovered between 3 SNPs in HMGB1 gene with total platimum-based hematologic toxicities. Further analysis of hematologic toxicities revealed that HMGB1 rs1045411 homozygous mutations AA genotype significantly increases the risk of reduction of 3-4 grades thrombocytopenia while rs2249825 is apparently related with the reduction of 3-4 grades thrombocytopenia in dominant model. Conclusion: Polymorphisms of rs1045411 and rs2249825 in HMGB1 are significantly associated with the reduction of 3-4 grades thrombocytopenia, which can be used as molecular marker to predict hematologic toxicity of platinum-based chemotherapy.
Keywords: clinical pharmacology; hematologic toxicities; single nucleotide polymorphism; high mobility group box 1 protein; platinum; lung cancer

Title: Effects of dioscin on experimental model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats

Authors: XU Lina, QI Yan, YIN Lianhong, HAN Xu, XU Youwei, ZHAO Yanyan, PENG Jinyong
PP: 1152-1156
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of dioscin (Dio) on nonalcholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats. Methods: The high fat diet induced-NAFLD rats were used in this study. After treating with dioscin for 12 weeks, the body weight, liver index, histopathological changes were tested in Dio group as well as in the control group and the model group. Meanwhile, biochemical indices of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total triglyceride (TG), total-cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), leptin, tumor necrosis factors α (TNF-α) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were all detected. Results: Compared with model group, Dio can decrease the body weight and liver index caused by high fat diet to improve liver steatosis. The levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, leptin, TNF-α and MDA are significantly decreased compared with model group, while the level of HDL-C is markedly elevated. Conclusion: Dio can reduce the liver steatosis induced by NAFLD in rat liver, which might be used as a new effective drug for NAFLD treatments.
Keywords: pharmacology; dioscin; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; rat

Title: Generation and identification of SUMO modification sites mutation of Peli1 protein

Authors: LI Jiantao, FAN Min, WANG Min, XU Jiayan, YANG Xinyi, WANG Man, QUE Lingli, LI Yuehua
PP: 1147-1151
Abstract: Objective: To generate and identify small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification sites mutation of Peli1 protein. Methods: C57BL/6J mice total mRNA was extracted from mice heart tissue, and cDNA was obtained by reverse transcription. Pelil1 gene was cloned and the eukaryotic expression vector of Peli1 was generated according to the molecule cloning protocols. Furthermore, special mutation primers were designed, and 5 mutations of SUMO modification sites mutation of Peli1 protein was generated. Results: The eukaryotic expression vector of Peli1 was generated, and the mutation vectors of Peli1 were constructed using molecular sequencing and can expressed in vitro according to Western blotting method. Conclusion: The SUMO modification sites mutation of Peli1 protein were successfully generated, which will provide fundamental research ground to explore the function of Peli1 protein.
Keywords: pathophysiology; Peli1 protain; small ubiquitin-like modifier modification; site mutation; expression vector

Title: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression of ΔNp63α and its SAM domain

Authors: CHEN Jing, YI Yong, LI Chenghua
PP: 1141-1146
Abstract: To establish efficient prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression and purification systems of ΔNp63α and its sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain, and for further function research of ΔNp63α, we amplified the coding sequences of human ΔNp63α and its SAM domain, and cloned them into lentiviral expression vector pCMV-phage and prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-6P-1. After packaging the established pCMV- phage-ΔNp63α into lentiviral particles and infecting carcinoma FaDu cells in human head and neck, we find that exogenous ΔNp63α were successfully overexpressed by using Western blotting detection. DNA damage reagent Doxorubicin (Dox) induces apoptosis in FaDu cells, while overexpression of ΔNp63α with pCMV-phage-ΔNp63α efficiently rescued this apoptosis. On the other hand, by the conversion of pGEX- 6P-1-ΔNp63α or pGEX-6P-1-SAM into BL-21, GST-fused ΔNp63α or its SAM domain was successfully expressed and purified. This study demonstrates that ΔNp63α plays a key role in inhibition of cell apoptosis, and lays a foundation for further investigations on function of ΔNp63α and its SAM domain.
Keywords: medical biochemistry; ΔNp63α; lentiviral vector; GST fused protein purification

Title: Study on Telmisartan delaying endothelial cell senescence and gene expression of p21INK4a

Authors: SHAN Haiyan, WEI Xiaojie, HE Yini, QI Huimeng, YU Kai, YU Xiaosong
PP: 1136-1140
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the role of Telmisartan on angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ)-induced sene瑂cence of human umbilical endothelial cell senescence and gene expression of p21INK4a and to provide theoretical and experimental foundation on delaying endothelial cell senescence. Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in vitro and intervened by AngⅡ (10"6 mol/L) and Telmisartan. HUVECs were divided into 3 groups, which are called control group, AngⅡ group and Telmisartan group. β-gal staining was used to identify cell aging status. Flow cytometry was used for analyzing the cell cycle changes. The positive cell rate of p21INK4a was detected by immunocytochemical staining and the expressions of p21INK4a protein were determined by Western blotting. Results: Compared with the control group, the positive cell number of β-gal staining is significantly higher in AngⅡ-induced cells (82.04±6.58)%; the cell cycle blocked at G0-G1 (89.20±6.52)%, p21INK4a protein expression increases evidently (P<0.05). In Telmisartan group, the positive cell number of β-gal staining is decreased and the cells of G0-G1 is reduced while p21INK4a protein expression decreases evidently (P<0.05) compared to that in the AngⅡ group. Conclusion: Cell endothelial cell senescence is induced by AngⅡ. One of its molecular mechanisms might be associated with increasing the expression level of p21INK4a in aging cell, and then up-regulating the amount of cells blocking in G1 phase of cell cycle. Telmisartan can antagonize the process effectively and delay endothelial cell aging significantly.
Keywords: medical cell biology; angiotensinⅡ; endothelial cell; vascular aging; cell cycle; p21INK4a

Title: Essence of aging: model, reason, anti-aging and cancer

Authors: LIU Xuewu
PP: 1122-1135
Abstract: In this paper, a standard aging model was proposed, which could be compatible with the traditional aging theory. This model gave the cause of aging and the idea of anti-aging. According to the aging model, we knew that the life of the body depended on the difference, which was the number of the accumulated senescent cells and the number of the cells that were cleared and regenerated for a same time. If the ability to remove the senescent cells and regenerating healthy cells could be improved, the life would be prolonged. For the first time, this paper put forward and tested the acidic chlorine dioxide (ClO2) solution as an apoptosis inducer which enabled senescent cells necrosis, autophagy or apoptosis, it would remove senescence cells and regenerated the young cells, so as to prolong the life span. At the same time, we found that cancer was in accordance with the aging model, so that cancer was a manifestation of aging. The cause and treatment of cancer were the same as the cause and treatment of the aging.
Keywords: medical cell biology; aging model; senescent cells; cancer

Title: Vitamin C and cell reprogramming

Authors: GAO Qian, YU Yang
PP: 1117-1121
Abstract: Vitamin C (Vc) is a common kind of antioxidant, playing important roles in various biochemical reactions. Recently, the reprogramming efficiency of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) were advanced in the presence of Vc. One essential reason of that might be Vc could introduce great epigenetic changes in whole-genome scale, which accelerates the cell fate alternation from somatic cells to stem cells. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism that why Vc enhances the reprogramming efficiency during the iPS process and why Vc optimizes the quality of iPS cells, this review provides the basis of further clarifying the effects of Vc for cell metabolism and molecular mechanism of epigenetic regulation.
Keywords: medical cell biology; reprogramming; review; vitamin C; induced pluripotent stem cells

Title: Detection of arteriosclerosis based on pulse wave and the realization of remote

Authors: CHENG Zhixia, LIU Jie
PP: 1111-1116
Abstract: On a global scale, cardiovascular disease has become a hazard to human health and causes one of the most serious diseases of death, seriously threatening human life and health. Pulse wave contains numerous physiological and pathological information. Deep understanding of the mechanism of pulse wave, analysis of the characteristics of the wave shape and extraction of the cardiovascular parameters associated with arteriosclerosis can realize preliminary diagnosis and precaution of cardiovascular disease and reduce the morbidity of it to a large extent. In this paper, by designing the remote monitoring system of arteriosclerosis, through the data transmission and the analysis of pulse signals, a great deal of convenience is provided to the patients by the service of extracting the cardiovascular parameters associated with arteriosclerosis anytime and referring to the history of the testing results. This study has a high application value and clinical significance.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; cardiovascular parameters; pulse wave; arteriosclerosis; remote

Title: Certain application of confocal laser scanning microscopy in biomedical engineering

Authors: YAN Yiwei, WU Xiaoling, DUAN Lei, WANG Wei, ZHU Songsheng, LIU Bin
PP: 1103-1110
Abstract: Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) can eliminate the focal plane of the light interference effectively and connect with the laser and computer image processing technology to improve the resolution of the optical microscope. It can also observe the two-dimension or three-dimension images of cells and tissues without any damage. It is a modern developed epochal significance of high-tech new products. This article introduced the CLSM from the four aspects of the history, principle and structure and imaging related factors, and reviewed its biological applications.
Keywords: biomedical engineering; confocal laser scanning microscope; review; biomedicine; image processing

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