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In this paper we investigated the radiation properties of metal nanorods at the optical frequency domain and found that they have many features compared with its conventional radio-wave equivalents. After defining a parameter Λ = λeff /λ, which was the ratio of the effective wavelength of the rod antenna to the incident wavelength, we found that Λ had a great influence on the radiation pattern. When the radiation pattern has a higher resonant order, it has a sharper directivity even without side lobes, which provides new design flexibilities in improving the directivities of the optical antennas.
Keywords:optics; metal nanorods; optical antennas; radiation patterns