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	1. A distributed model for rainfall-runoff and pollutant transport based on transport rate
	HE Zhiguo,TAYFUR Gokmen,RAN Qihua
	Environmental Science and Techology 18 March 2011
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	Abstract:In this paper, a distributed pollutant transport model was developed using the diffusion wave equation and transport rate-based equation. Finite volume method in space and an implicit backward difference scheme in time were employed in the numerical solution of the two-dimensional governing equations. The developed model was tested against an experimental study involving overland flow and the associated pollutant transport. The satisfactory simulation of the experimental data verifies the accuracy of the model. The developed model can reasonably simulate the high concentration of polluant in overland flow at the early stage of rainstorms.
	TO cite this article:HE Zhiguo,TAYFUR Gokmen,RAN Qihua. A distributed model for rainfall-runoff and pollutant transport based on transport rate[OL].[18 March 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4417152


	2. Effect of Cadmium-polluted Compost on Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities
	Guiqiu Chen,Yun Chen,Guangming Zeng,Anwei Chen,Wenjuan Zhang
	Environmental Science and Techology 26 September 2010
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	Abstract:The study was designed to assess changes of microbial biomass and enzyme activities between compost and cadmium-polluted compost applied to red soil. Results showed that soil microbial biomass C and P, activities of catalase, dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase decrease in all treatments during the incubation time. Cd-polluted compost has an inhibitory effect on microbial biomass P and acid phosphatase activity than compost in control at the same sampling time. Microbial biomass C is activated by 0.26-98.46% in soils of <27.8 mg/kg Cd treatment than that of control. Catalase activity is stimulated by 0.17-4.49% in treatments with <12.8 mg/kg Cd. Dehydrogenase activity in treatment of 8.8 mg/kg Cd increases by 1.6-16.1% than that of control. Urease activity increases by 0.56-65.90% with an increase of Cd in compost with <17.8 mg/kg Cd. But in treatments with >27.8 mg/kg Cd, the urease activity is inhibited by 0.81-2.65% at Day 20. These results suggest that <27.8 mg/kg Cd-contaminated compost have activation impacts on soil microbial biomass C, urease, catalase, and dehydrogenase activity.
	TO cite this article:Guiqiu Chen,Yun Chen,Guangming Zeng, et al. Effect of Cadmium-polluted Compost on Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities[OL].[26 September 2010] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4386731

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	3. Adsorption of thallium(I) onto minerals and geological materials: Influence of pH and humic acid
	LIU Juan,LIPPOLD Holger,WANG Jin,LIPPMANN-PIPKE Johanna,CHEN Yongheng
	Environmental Science and Techology 15 September 2010
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	Abstract:In this paper, the adsorption of the severely toxic heavy metal thallium (Tl) as a monovalent cation onto three representative materials (goethite, pyrolusite and a natural sediment sampled from a field site) was examined as a function of pH in the absence and presence of two natural humic acids (HAs) , using 204Tl(I) as a radiotracer. In order to obtain a basic understanding of the relative trends of the pH functions in the adsorption of Tl(I) with and without HA, adsorption of HAs and humate complexation of Tl(I) as a function of pH were investigated as well. In spite of the low complexation between Tl(I) and HAs, the presence of HAs results in obvious alterations of Tl(I) adsorption onto pyrolusite and sediment. An influence on Tl(I) adsorption onto goethite was not observed. Predictions of Kd (distribution coefficient) for Tl(I) on goethite in the presence of HAs based on a linear additive model agree well with the experimental data, while a notable disagreement occurs for the pyrolusite and sediment systems. Accordingly, it is suggested that HAs and goethite may act as a non-interacting adsorbent mixture under the conditions here, but more complex interactive effects may take place between the HAs and mineral phases of pyrolusite or sediment.
	TO cite this article:LIU Juan,LIPPOLD Holger,WANG Jin, et al. Adsorption of thallium(I) onto minerals and geological materials: Influence of pH and humic acid[OL].[15 September 2010] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4385379


	4. Investigation of Solid Waste Management and its environmental problem in El
	John Leju Celestino Ladu,Marcelino Tombe Jada,Darious Lofu Celestino
	Environmental Science and Techology 14 April 2010
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	Abstract:This study attempts to investigate the management of solid wastes and evaluate other related environmental and human health aspects. El Obied accordingly was the focus of intensive field research. Interviews and observations were used to provide the necessary information. In this study, the sources and components of solid waste were identified, the quantity of solid waste disposed, methods of solid waste disposal and management evaluated, common diseases and disease vectors were assessed and the roles of public health department to solid waste management, problems it faces and workers general health condition were highlighted. Results showed that solid wastes in El Obied urban area were complex in composition and quantity. Management of solid wastes by public health department in El Obied is inefficient. Lack of finance, inadequate number of personnel Lack of transport and proper accommodation are the main problems causing mismanagement of solid wastes. Diseases resulting from poor environmental sanitation constitute the bulk of the health problems in the study area. Communicable diseases were highly prevalent. Accordingly, problem of solid waste management in EI-Obeid will continue to magnify and urban environment will uncontrollably deteriorate unless proper management is taken and the public cooperate with public health department in environmental sanitation of the town.
	TO cite this article:John Leju Celestino Ladu,Marcelino Tombe Jada,Darious Lofu Celestino. Investigation of Solid Waste Management and its environmental problem in El[OL].[14 April 2010] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/41909


	5. Coagulation performance and residual aluminum speciation of Al2(SO4)3 and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) in Yellow River water treatment
	Yang Zhonglian,Gao Baoyu,Yue Qinyan
	Environmental Science and Techology 08 April 2010
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	Abstract:The effect of pH and coagulant dosage on the coagulation performance of Al2(SO4)3 and PAC with respect to the treatment of Yellow River water was investigated in this paper and the separation and measurement of residual aluminum speciation were also conducted. The results indicated that PAC showed superior coagulation performance compared to that of Al2(SO4)3 during the Yellow River water treatment. At a dosage of 15 mg/L, PAC achieved an optimum removal efficiency of turbidity, UV254 and DOC of 96.3%, 57.1%, 32.7%, respectively and Al2(SO4)3 also achieved an optimum removal efficiency of turbidity, UV254 and DOC of 94.5%, 53.5% 34.8%, respectively. For PAC and Al2 (SO4)3, the optimum pH during the treatment of Yellow River water could be determined at 6.0. Different residual aluminum speciation exhibited different trends with dosage and pH variation. For the two coagulants, no matter under different dosage or under different pH, the majority of residual total aluminum existed most in the form of total dissolved Al, among which, dissolved organically-bound Al was the predominant speciation. Dissolved inorganically-bound monomeric Al was the main component in dissolved monomeric Al. PAC showed lower concentration for the several kinds of residual aluminum species; except the dissolved organically-bound Al and PAC could effectively reduce the concentration of dissolved monomeric Al.
	TO cite this article:Yang Zhonglian,Gao Baoyu,Yue Qinyan. Coagulation performance and residual aluminum speciation of Al2(SO4)3 and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) in Yellow River water treatment[OL].[ 8 April 2010] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/41721


	6. Hydrolysis of pretreated rice straw with surfactants at low cellulase dosage
	Yuan Xingzhong ,Liang Yunshan ,Zeng Guangming ,Wang Weiwei
	Environmental Science and Techology 26 January 2010
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	Abstract:The effects of three surfactants (Tween 80, saponin and monorhamnolipid) on the hydrolysis of NaOH-pretreated rice straw by low dosage of cellulase were studied. The results indicated that with a relatively low cellulase dosage (4 FPU g-1 substrate), all surfactants were able to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis, while the biosurfactant monorhamnolipid was demonstrated to be more active than Tween 80 and saponin. Monorhamnolipid at 0.006% increased reducing sugar yield by 23.15%, and the maximal sugar yield was obtained within half of the time compare to the control required. The cellulase losed 67% of its activity in the control, while the activity lost ratios were 31%~43% in the presence of the surfactants. The surfactants addition did not affect the pH of the hydrolysis system. This study provides an opportunity of decreasing enzyme dosage in hydrolysis of agricultural solid waste rich in cellulose.
	TO cite this article:Yuan Xingzhong ,Liang Yunshan ,Zeng Guangming , et al. Hydrolysis of pretreated rice straw with surfactants at low cellulase dosage[OL].[26 January 2010] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/39426


	7. Release Laws of Heavy Metals in Leaching Gangue Dump
	Jia Hong-xia,Xiao Xin
	Environmental Science and Techology 26 May 2009
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	Abstract:Coal gangue is one of the largest industrial waste residue in China, which not only takes up much of the farmland , but also releases a large number of harmful elements, such as the heavy metals, with the effect of weathering, decomposition and leaching, causing serious water, air and soil pollution. We took the gangue of Jining coal mine Ⅲ as the object, carrying out the leaching experiment with the simulated acid water of the study zone，That was directing significance for prevention and cure job of environmental pollution. The results showed that: (1) The contents of Cr and Cd in the gangue were in excess of the Third Class of Environmental Quality Standars for Soil. The largest concentrations of Cr, Pb and Cd in the filtrate water were in excess of the Third Class of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (2) For the largest release , the number of metal Cr was largest, followed by Zn, Pb, Cu, a relatively small amount of Cd and Mn, similar to the old gangue and the new gangue. For the largest release rate, the number of Cd was largest in the new gangue, secondly for Cr, next smaller for Pb, Zn and Cu and Mn almost zero; In the old gangue, Cr appeared first, followed by Pb, Zn and Cu, Cd was relatively smaller and practically nil of Mn.
	TO cite this article:Jia Hong-xia,Xiao Xin. Release Laws of Heavy Metals in Leaching Gangue Dump[OL].[26 May 2009] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/32555


	8. Biological municipal wastewater nutrients removal in anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) sequencing batch reactor: effect of organic carbon source addition
	Zheng Xiong,Li Hongjing,Tong Juan,Chen Yinguang
	Environmental Science and Techology 16 January 2009
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	Abstract:The effect of addition of organic carbon sources (acetic acid and waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid) on anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen, 0.15-0.45 mg/L) biological municipal wastewater treatment was investigated. The results showed that carbon source addition affected not only the transformations of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), glycogen, nitrogen and phosphorus, but the net removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. The removal efficiencies of TN and TP were respectively 61% and 61% without organic carbon source addition, 81% and 95% with acetic acid addition, and 83% and 97% with waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid addition. It seems that the alkaline fermentation liquid of waste biosolids generated in biological wastewater treatment plant can be used to replace acetic acid as an additional carbon source to improve the anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) municipal wastewater nutrients removal although its use was observed to cause a slight increase of effluent BOD and COD concentrations.
	TO cite this article:Zheng Xiong,Li Hongjing,Tong Juan, et al. Biological municipal wastewater nutrients removal in anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) sequencing batch reactor: effect of organic carbon source addition[OL].[16 January 2009] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/27985


	9. Modified First-order Kinetics and Two-Stage Reaction (FKTSR) Land Fill Gas Generation Rate Model
	Chen Jiajun,Wang Hao,ZHANG Na
	Environmental Science and Techology 08 January 2009
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	Abstract:The purpose of this work is to establish a new domestic landfill gas (LFG) generation rate model accounting for the impact of leachate recirculation. FKTSR model, namely a LFG generation rate model of the First-order Kinetics and Two-Stage Reaction, in which nutrient balance for biochemical reaction in two main stages is taken into account. In this study, FKTSR model was modified by introduction of outflow function and organic acid conversion coefficient in order to represent the in-situ condition of nutrient loss through leachate. Laboratory experiments were carried out to simulate the impact of leachate recirculation and to verify the modified FKTSR model. The model calibration was then conducted using the observed data of experiments. Fitting results suggest that the new model gives satisfactory fits to experimental data, and the main parameters, LFG production potential (L0), reaction rate constant in first stage (K1), reaction rate constant in second stage (K2) of the modified FKTSR model are 64.746L, 0.202d-1, 0.338d-1, respectively, comparing to the old ones of 42.069L, 0.231d-1, 0.231d-1. The fitting result proves that the new model provides a better explanation for mechanisms involved for landfill gas generation.
	TO cite this article:Chen Jiajun,Wang Hao,ZHANG Na. Modified First-order Kinetics and Two-Stage Reaction (FKTSR) Land Fill Gas Generation Rate Model[OL].[ 8 January 2009] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/27474


	10. Research on Composition and Recycle Value of Aged Refuse at Shanghai Refuse Landfill
	Yang Yujiang,Zhao Youcai
	Environmental Science and Techology 29 January 2007
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	Abstract:Refuse at Shanghai Refuse Landfill was excavated from the compartments closed from 1991 to 2004; and the composition of aged refuse was studied. The results show that plastic and rubber fractions were well preserved from photodegradation and oxygen aging in closed compartments, and can be recycled after simple pretreatment; the content of organic fraction, mainly including plastic fraction, increased logarithmically with placement time and will exceed inorganic fraction after 2010. Thus thermal treatment, such as incineration and hydrolysis, may be an effective way for the cycling of aged refuse.
	TO cite this article:Yang Yujiang,Zhao Youcai. Research on Composition and Recycle Value of Aged Refuse at Shanghai Refuse Landfill[OL].[29 January 2007] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/10933

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