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	1. Hydrodynamic study impact effect between top blown jet and molten bath of 80 t convert
	LI Nan,CAO Lingling,LIU Qing,LIN Wenhui,GUO Weida,Ren Keshe
	Metallurgical Engineering 10 November 2017
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	Abstract:Based on the similarity theory, the influence of the lance height, the gas flowrate and the holes of oxygen lance on the impact effects and mixing behavior in the molten bath were investigated by hydrodynamics experiment using 1:6 water model for 80 t basic oxygen furnace. The results show that the impact diameter, the penetration depth and the cavity shape index all increase with increasing gas flowrate. The optimal mixing time of the bath is 38 s by controlling the oxygen lance height at 138.55 mm. Under the same condition, the mixing effect of the 4-hole nozzle is better than that of the 5-hole nozzle. In addition, the quantitative relation between the dimensionless penetration depth and Fr\' is deducted.
	TO cite this article:LI Nan,CAO Lingling,LIU Qing, et al. Hydrodynamic study impact effect between top blown jet and molten bath of 80 t convert[OL].[10 November 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4741983


	2. Coupled numerical simulation on Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Solidification in Bloom Continuous Casting Mold
	WEN Yanmei,LIU Shaowei,HAN Yanshen,LI Youhuai,LIU Qing,GUAN Min
	Metallurgical Engineering 10 November 2017
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	Abstract:Taking bloom mold with cross-sectional dimension 240mm×240mm as research object，a three-dimensional mathematical model was established to research effects of the submergence depth of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) and casting speed on flow field and solidification taking effect of air-gap into account. The simulation result shows that the impact depth in mold with one port SEN is deep which is good for uniform growth of solidified shell. Meanwhile, the air gap has evident effect on corner temperature which is more practical than ignoring air gap. In addition, the distance between backflow vortex core and free surface increases and backflow vortex core moves up obviously, with the increasing of SEN-depth. Solidified shell thickness decreases from 32.43 mm to 17.83 mm with the casting velocity from 0.5 m/min to 0.9 m/min. In conclusion, according to the comparative analysis, the optimal combinations of process parameters are the depth of SEN of 100mm and the casting speed of 0.7 m/min in order to ensure the production efficiency and the bloom quality for the 42CrMo steel with cross-sectional dimension 240 mm×240 mm.
	TO cite this article:WEN Yanmei,LIU Shaowei,HAN Yanshen, et al. Coupled numerical simulation on Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Solidification in Bloom Continuous Casting Mold[OL].[10 November 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4741984

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	3. Rotating disc electrode measurements of oxygen reductionreaction on natural massive pyrite in acidic media
	CHEN Guobao,YANG Hongying
	Metallurgical Engineering 18 March 2016
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	Abstract:In the current study, rotating disk electrode (RDE) measurements were performed to gain insight into the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance of the natural massive pyrite electrode in acidic media. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were also performed. The tafel slopes and electron transferred numbers were calculated according to the test results. The ORR process took place in the potential range of ?0.450 V to 0.050 V vs. AgCl/Ag. The average transferred electron number for ORR on pyrite in sulfuric acid was near to 2. The addition of ferric ion was shown to increase the dissolution rate of pyrite and the transferred electron numbers for ORR. At high concentration of ferric ion, the ORR process was inhibited attributing to a Fenton-like reaction mechanism and more intermediate H2O2 was produced accordingly.
	TO cite this article:CHEN Guobao,YANG Hongying. Rotating disc electrode measurements of oxygen reductionreaction on natural massive pyrite in acidic media[OL].[18 March 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4681002


	4. Investigation of surface species during bioleaching of chalcopyrite by moderately thermophilic bacteria
	WANG Jun,ZHAO Hongbo,TAO Lang,CAO Pan,QIN Wenqing,QIU Guanzhou
	Metallurgical Engineering 08 January 2015
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	Abstract: Electrochemical measurement, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron experiment (XPS) analysis were carried out to investigate the surface species and interfacial reactions during bioleaching of chalcopyrite by different strains of moderately thermophilic bacteria. Results showed that CuS and disulfide (S22-) were the main intermediate species on the surface of chalcopyrite during bioleaching by A. caldus, S. thermosulfidooxidans and L. ferriphilum. The low kinetics of dissolution of chalcopyrite in A. caldus can be mainly due to the incomplete dissolution of chalcopyrite and the passivation layer of polysulfide. Polysulfide and jarosite can be mainly responsible for the passivation of chalcopyrite in bioleaching by L. ferriphilum or by S. thermosulfidooxidans.
	TO cite this article:WANG Jun,ZHAO Hongbo,TAO Lang, et al. Investigation of surface species during bioleaching of chalcopyrite by moderately thermophilic bacteria[OL].[ 8 January 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4625972


	5. Bioleaching of chalcopyrite and marmatite by moderately thermophilic bacteria: An investigation of their interactions Stepwise bioleaching process
	WANG Jun,ZHAO Hongbo,TAO Lang,CAO Pan,QIN Wenqing,QIU Guanzhou
	Metallurgical Engineering 07 January 2015
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	Abstract: Chalcopyrite and marmatite are associated together most of the time in the raw ores and flotation concentrates. In this work, the interactions between chalcopyrite and marmatite during bioleaching by moderately thermophilic bacteria were investigated mainly by electrochemical measurements and bioleaching experiments. In the initial stage of bioleaching of mixture of chalcopyrite and marmatite, the dissolution of marmatite was preferential, and was significantly accelerated with the addition of chalcopyrite because of the galvanic effect and catalytic effect of Cu2+ ions, while the dissolution of chalcopyrite was inhibited mainly due to the galvanic effect before the accomplishment of dissolution of marmatite. Chalcopyrite dissolved fast when the dissolution of marmatite finished, and small amount of marmatite cannot inhibit the final copper extraction of chalcopyrite if leaching time was long enough. Therefore, stepwise or selective bioleaching was feasible in processing mixture of chalcopyrite and marmatite to avoid complex flotation process in separating chalcopyrite and marmatite. )
	TO cite this article:WANG Jun,ZHAO Hongbo,TAO Lang, et al. Bioleaching of chalcopyrite and marmatite by moderately thermophilic bacteria: An investigation of their interactions Stepwise bioleaching process[OL].[ 7 January 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4625975


	6. Solvent extraction of vanadium from a H2SO4-HF mixed acids leaching solution of stone coal
	LI Xingbin,WEI Chang,LI Cunxiong,DENG Zhigan,LI Minting,FAN Gang
	Metallurgical Engineering 02 November 2014
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	Abstract:Di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (P204) and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) were used to extraction vanadium from a H2SO4-HF mixed acids leaching solution of stone coal in this paper. Effect of different operational factors such as equilibrium pH, extractant concentration, extraction stage, strip solution concentration, phase ratio were examined to optimize the condition for selective and quantitative extraction and stripping of vanadium. Based on the results of extraction as well as stripping isotherm, the extraction of vanadium was quantitative in six stages using 10% P204 and 5% TBP at A:O ratio of 1:1 and equilibrium pH of 2.4; 99.6% percentage stripping of vanadium from the loaded organic phase was obtained by five stage stripping using 1.5 mol/L H2SO4 at A:O ratio of 1:8. In the solvent extraction process, scrubbing is necessary for removing co-extracted and entrainment impurities by dilute sulfuric acid solution, more than 90% iron and arsenic can be scrubbed by 0.2 mol/L sulfuric acid.
	TO cite this article:LI Xingbin,WEI Chang,LI Cunxiong, et al. Solvent extraction of vanadium from a H2SO4-HF mixed acids leaching solution of stone coal[OL].[ 2 November 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4616474


	7. Solvent extraction of vanadium (IV) from sulfuric acid solution using P507
	LI Xingbin,WEI Chang,DENG Zhigan,LI Minting,LI Cunxiong,FAN Gang
	Metallurgical Engineering 29 October 2014
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	Abstract:Solvent extractionof vanadium(IV) from sulfuric acid solution has been studied using 2-ethyhexyl phosphonic acid mono 2-ethylhexyl ester (P507) dissolved in kerosene. The different affecting parameters of equilibrium pH, extractant concentration, temperature and extraction isotherm were separately investigated. The extraction of vanadium(IV) from a synthetic sulfuric acid leach solution of stone coal was also examined. The equilibrium study indicated the release of two moles of H+ ions for extraction of one mole of vanadium(IV) and association of two moles of the mono extractant in the extracted species. The extracted complex VOA2 was calculated from slope analysis and confirmed by IR spectra. A positive value of ΔH obtained from temperature variation studies show that the extraction process is endothermic reaction. A continuous counter current simulation extractionand stripping confirmed 96.1% extraction and 99.6% stripping, further attributes to the enrichment 5 times of vanadium(IV) concentration in the strip solution.
	TO cite this article:LI Xingbin,WEI Chang,DENG Zhigan, et al. Solvent extraction of vanadium (IV) from sulfuric acid solution using P507[OL].[29 October 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4615430


	8. Study on volatility of manganese metal in reduction process of manganese ore self-reduction pellets at high temperature
	XUE Zheng-liang,ZHANG Bo,YU Yue,DONG Jiang
	Metallurgical Engineering 25 January 2014
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	Abstract:In order to study the thermodynamic and kinetics of Mn volatilization in the reduction process, the self-reduction experiment of carbon-mixed manganese ore pellets was performed in carbon tube furnace at high temperature. The results show that the Mn equilibrium vapor pressure becomes higher and the Mn volatile quantity is increasing with the temperature increasing. A model, controlled by both the interface chemistry reaction and diffusion in solid products layer is established. The apparent activation energy of chemical reaction is 192.8kJ/moland the apparent activation energy of internal diffusion is 21.94kJ/mol, so the volatility of Mn is controlled by the chemical reaction rate.
	TO cite this article:XUE Zheng-liang,ZHANG Bo,YU Yue, et al. Study on volatility of manganese metal in reduction process of manganese ore self-reduction pellets at high temperature[OL].[25 January 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4583707


	9. Effect of microwave irradiation on selective heating behavior and magnetic separation characteristics of Panzhihua ilmenite
	Zhao Wei,Chen Guo,Chen Jin,Peng Jinhui
	Metallurgical Engineering 27 December 2013
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	Abstract:The influences of microwave irradiation on the surface characteristics of Panzhihua ilmenite were systematically investigated. The crystal structures, surface morphology and surface chemical functional groups of ilmenite were characterized before and after microwave irradiation and magnetic separation for different microwave treatment times by using various methods, such as XRD, SEM, and FT-IR, respectively. XRD analysis showed that the microwave treated ilmenite has the strongest peaks of phase more than that of raw samples, indicates that the crystalline compound of ilmenite increased with the microwave irradiation time. SEM analysis showed the micro-cracking appeared at many grain boundaries of ilmenite after being pretreated by microwave treatment. The separations of ilmenite from gangue minerals were completed and the micro-fissure within ilmenite minerals were also formed, which could be attributed to the microwave selective heating characteristics of the different minerals and compounds, and the thermal stresses were caused by the uniform heat rate disturbed under microwave irradiation. The mineral processing results showed that the magnetic separation characteristics and properties of microwave treated ilmenite samples were better than that of microwave untreated ilmenite samples. It was concluded that microwave irradiation can be applied effectively and efficiently to the irradiation processes of Panzhihua ilmenite.
	TO cite this article:Zhao Wei,Chen Guo,Chen Jin, et al. Effect of microwave irradiation on selective heating behavior and magnetic separation characteristics of Panzhihua ilmenite[OL].[27 December 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4579026


	10. Numerical Simulation of Multiphase Flow in Vanyukov Furnace
	ZHANG Hongliang,CHEN Yongming
	Metallurgical Engineering 28 October 2013
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	Abstract:The multiphase flow of widely used Vanyukov furnace was numerically studied. An unsteady three-dimensional and three-phase flow model was firstly built by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS FLUENT?, and then solved with Volume of Fluid (VOF) and - model. The results showed that the proposed model could be used to predict the multi-phase movement, the slag/air fluctuation, the vortex formation and effects of structural and operational parameters. By Fast Fourier Transform(FFT), the dominant frequency of density with time signal was calculated, which was 0.29 Hz. The analysis of different injection flow rates of enriched air indicated that it has huge effect on the mean slag velocity. The peak mean velocity changed from 2.17 to 4.99 m/s while the flow rate of enriched air varied from 70 to 160 m/s. The proposed model provided a method to optimize the furnace structure and operating conditions for the best furnace performance and lowest energy consumption.
	TO cite this article:ZHANG Hongliang,CHEN Yongming. Numerical Simulation of Multiphase Flow in Vanyukov Furnace[OL].[28 October 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4566463

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