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1. Effects of Bioefficacy of DL-2-Hydroxy-4-Methylthio-Butanoic Acid on Egg Production and Egg Quality in Laying Hens Fed on Medium or Low Nutrient Scheme | |||
Jianmei Wan,Jianping Wang,Xuemei Ding,Shiping Bai,Qiufeng Zeng,Huanwei Peng,Zhuowei Su,Yue Xuan,Keying Zhang | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 21 April 2017 | |||
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Abstract:Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of bioefficacy of DL-2-Hydroxy-4-Methylthio-Butanoic Acid (HMTBA) for layers fed on medium or low nutrient level diets under restricted feeding (Exp.1) or ad libitum feeding (Exp.2) on egg production and quality. In Exp.1, a total of 2000 layers were assigned to 10 treatments in a completely randomized design, with 10 replicates per treatment, whilst in Exp.2 there were 10 replicates (15 hens per replicate) of 10 treatments. In all experiments, the bioefficacy of HMTBA was set at 80%, 84%, and 88% (on weight basis). In Exp.1, Methionine deficiency significantly (P < 0.05) reduced egg weight and eggshell weight regardless of the dietary nutrient level. Bioefficacy of HMTBA had no influence (P > 0.05) on any egg production or egg quality parameters of hens when compared with DL-methionine (DLM) treatments. In Exp.2, egg production, ADFI, egg weight, egg mass and feed conversion ratio significantly declined due to methionine deficiency (P < 0.01). There was no difference (P > 0.05) between HMTBA and DLM on egg production and egg quality parameters within each dietary nutrient level. In conclusion, bioefficacy of HMTBA can be set at 88% on weight basis regardless of dietary nutrient level. | |||
TO cite this article:Jianmei Wan,Jianping Wang,Xuemei Ding, et al. Effects of Bioefficacy of DL-2-Hydroxy-4-Methylthio-Butanoic Acid on Egg Production and Egg Quality in Laying Hens Fed on Medium or Low Nutrient Scheme[OL].[21 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4727788 |
2. Effects of methionine source and level on hepatic methionine and lipids metabolism in laying hens fed with low or moderate nutrient level diet under restricted feeding | |||
Jianmei Wan,Jianping Wang,Xuemei Ding,Shiping Bai,Qiufeng Zeng,Huanwei Peng,Zhuowei Su,Yue Xuan,Keying Zhang | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 20 April 2017 | |||
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Abstract:The study was carried out to investigate the effects of methionine source and level on hepatic methionine and lipid metabolism of commercial laying hens fed with low nutrient level (LN) or moderate nutrient level (MN) diets under restricted feeding. A completely randomized design was used. Within each nutrient level, there were 2 methionine sources (DL-methionine, DLM; DL-2-hydroxyl-4-methylthio-butiric acid, HMTBA) and 3 supplementation levels (LN: 0, 0.091 and 1%; MN: 0, 0.113 and 1%). A total of 2000 layers was allocated to 10 dietary treatments with 10 replicates for each. For hens fed LN diets: regardless of nutrient level, methionine source and level had no effects on concentration of Hcy in liver or plasma; hens treated with DLM had higher plasma Met and Tau concentration than those treated with HMTBA; when compared with the control group, adding methionine (HMTBA source) at 0.091% or 1% markedly increased the expression of GNMT; adding methionine (DLM source) at 1% significantly increased the expression of BHMT. Under the condition of feeding MN diets: plasma Met concentration significantly increased with methionine supplementation. Adding methionine (HMTBA source) at 0.113% or 1% significantly increased the expression of ADA and adding methionine (HMTBA source) at 0.113% significantly increased the expression of MS. When control diet was fed, hens fed LN diets had higher expression of BHMT and MS. When adding methionine (HMTBA source) at 1%, hens fed LN diets had higher expression of SAHH, MTHFR, CEBPβ, AdipoR2, INF-α and IL-1β. When adding methionine (DLM source) at 1%, feeding LN diet significantly increased the expression of TNF-α. In conclusion, methionine deficiency may increase the methionine regeneration by up-regulating the expression of genes involved in hepatic methionine metabolism. Under the condition of adding excess HMTBA, feeding low-nutrient diet may increase the folate-dependent pathway of methionine regeneration, SAMe-dependent transmethylation, fat synthesis and inflammatory cytokines in liver, and increase the potential risk of liver diseases. | |||
TO cite this article:Jianmei Wan,Jianping Wang,Xuemei Ding, et al. Effects of methionine source and level on hepatic methionine and lipids metabolism in laying hens fed with low or moderate nutrient level diet under restricted feeding[OL].[20 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4727428 |
3. The relative bio-efficacy of DL-methionine and DL-methionine hydroxyanalogue calcium saltcompared to L-methionine in broilers | |||
Peng Jialong,Gao Jun,Bai Shiping,Luo Yuheng,Ding Xuemei,Zeng Qiufeng,Wang Jianping,Zhang Keying | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 20 April 2017 | |||
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Abstract:The relative bio-efficacy (RBE) of DL-methionine (DLM) and DL-methionine hydroxy analogue calcium salt (MHA-Ca) compared to L-Met was evaluated in this paper. A total of 2560 10-d-old Ross 308 male broilers were randomly allotted to 16 treatments with 8 replicates of 20 birds each.Birds were fed with either a corn-soybean meal-pea protein concentrate-based diet (Met:0.28,10-21d;0.26,22-42d with no methionine and cysteine supplementation), or methionine supplemented diets at0.03, 0.06, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.21% methionine from L-Met, or DLM, or MHA-Ca from 10 to 42 days of age based on the Met content (L-Met or DL-Met) or equal mass to MHA.The average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the period of 10 to 42 days were measured. Liver (at 42d) was collected to determine the redox state:H2O2, catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (T-GSH), oxidized GSH (GSSG), reduced GSH (reGSH) and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHDG). Supplement of Met elicited linear or quadratic improvements on ADG, ADFI and FCR with no different among the Met sources except FCR (P=0.0251, L-Met and DLM was better than MHA-Ca). The effect on carcass performance was similar to growth performance. Based on equal mass, the RBE of DLMand MHA-Ca to L-Met was 115.4and 87.6%,respectively based on ADG; 94.6 and 48.6%, respectively, based on FCR; 119.8% and 91.2%, respectively, based on breast weight; 107.4% and 79.5%, respectively, based on breast meat yield. The supplementation of methionine (regardless of source) increased the levelsof GSH (P<0.0001) and decreased the level of MDA(P<0.0001), CAT (P<0.0001) and 8-OHDG (P=0.0035) in broiler livers. Inconclusion, the RBE of DLM and MHA-Ca was 108% and 64% on a product base. MHA-Ca tended to have an advantage on anti-oxidative system which may partly compensate for the low efficiency on protein synthesis, while the relation between anti-oxidative ability and RBE needed further study. | |||
TO cite this article:Peng Jialong,Gao Jun,Bai Shiping, et al. The relative bio-efficacy of DL-methionine and DL-methionine hydroxyanalogue calcium saltcompared to L-methionine in broilers[OL].[20 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4727112 |
4. Effect of Different Methionine Source on Lipid Metabolism in the Liver of Broilers during Different Growth Phase | |||
Peng Jialong,Wang Jianping,Bai Shiping,Ding Xuemei,Zeng Qiufeng,Luo Yuheng,Zhang Keying | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 19 April 2017 | |||
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Abstract:To investigate the effect of different methionine sources on lipid deposit and lipid metabolism related genes expression in the liver of broilers during different growth phase, two trails was conducted. A total of 1200 1-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks with similar body weight were randomly selected and allotted to 10 treatments with 6 replications of 20 birds in trail 1. Birds were fed with either a corn-soybean meal-pea protein concentrate-based diet (Met:0.28, 1-21d with no methionine and cysteine supplementation), or methionine supplemented diets at 0.10, 0.22 and 0.32% from L-methionine (LM), DL-methionine (DLM)or methionine hydroxyl analogue calcium Salt (MHA-Ca) from 1-21d based on the Met content (LM or DLM) or equal mass to MHA. In trail 2, a total of 2112 21-day-old chicks were randomly allotted to 12 treatments with 8 replications of 22 birds each. Birds were fed with methionine supplemented diets at 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.24% from LM, DLM or MHA-Ca from 22-42d. A treatment fed with a basal diet (Met: 0.28, 1-21d; 0.26%: 22-42d) from 1-42d was set as negative control. Met deficiency significantly increased liver EE in broilers during 1-21d (P<0.0001) and Met excess increased that during 22-42d (P<0.0001). Chickens fed LM supplemental diets had the highest liver EE and MHA-Ca the lowest regardless of growth phase (P<0.0001).Met level had a significant effect on adiponectin receptor2 (ADIPOR2), acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT1A), carbohydrate response element-binding protein (CHREBP), fatty acid synthase (FASN) and apolipoprotein (APOB) expression during 22-42d (P<0.05) while only affected ACOX1, CPT1Aand CHREBP expression during 1-21d (P<0.05). There was a difference on CPT1A(P=0.010) and CHREBP (P=0.007) expression among Met sources during 1-21d and the expression of CHREBP(P=0.009), FASN (P=0.014) and APOB (P=0.002) existed difference during 22-42d. In conclusion, Met deficiency and excess may increase liver lipid accumulation by suppressing lipid catabolism and transport related gene expression in broilers and MHA-Ca showed a good benefit for fatty liver. | |||
TO cite this article:Peng Jialong,Wang Jianping,Bai Shiping, et al. Effect of Different Methionine Source on Lipid Metabolism in the Liver of Broilers during Different Growth Phase[OL].[19 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4727133 |
5. The Prolonged Effect of Glucagon-like Peptide 2 on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Injury in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Weaned Piglets | |||
Deng Qiuhong,Jia Gang,Zhao Hua,Tang Jiayong,Chen Xiaoling,Liu Guangmang,Wang Kangning | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 16 June 2016 | |||
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Abstract:The prolonged protective effect of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal injury was studied in weaned piglets, and a possible mechanism is proposed. Thirty 28-day-old weaned castrated piglets with initial BW of 6.8 ± 0.4 kg were randomly allotted to three groups: (i) non-challenged control; (ii) LPS-challenged control; (iii) LPS + high GLP-2. Piglets in groups (ii) and (iii) were s.c. injected with PBS supplemented with human [Gly2]GLP-21-34 at doses of 0 or 10 nmol/kg BW per day ,respectively, for seven consecutive days. Piglets were challenged with i.p. administration of Escherichia coli LPS at a dose of 100 μg/kg on d 14 to induce intestinal damage. Twenty-four hours later, the piglets were euthanized and intestinal tract samples were collected. On d 7 after weaning, GLP-2 treatment prevented weaning stress-induced increases in the plasma levels of LPS (P < 0.05), D(-)-lactate (P < 0.05), and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity (P < 0.05), as well as the increase in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.05). On d 14, LPS challenge dramatically increased the barrier permeability (P < 0.05) and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in the small intestines (P < 0.05) (except tumor necrosis factor?α (TNF-α) expression in the ileum) (P > 0.05) and cytokines levels in serum (P < 0.05). Lipopolysaccharide disrupted the ultrastructure of tight junction proteins, and decreased the expression of zona occluden-1 (ZO-1) (P < 0.05) and occludin (P < 0.05). Glucagon-like peptide 2 pretreatment reduced the serum level (P < 0.05) and mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the small intestines (P < 0.05) and abrogated the destructive effect of LPS on barrier permeability by restoring the expression and localization of tight junction proteins (P < 0.05). Glucagon-like peptide 2 significantly prevented the LPS-induced increase in the expression of myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) (P < 0.05) and the increase in phosphorylated myosin light chain (pMLC) levels in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. These results indicate that GLP-2 pretreatment alleviates intestinal barrier injury and inflammation in LPS-challenged weaned piglets. The protective effect of GLP-2 involves: 1) stimulation of the expression of tight junction proteins and 2) inhibition of the redistribution of tight junction proteins by down-regulating the activation of the MLCK/pMLC pathway. | |||
TO cite this article:Deng Qiuhong,Jia Gang,Zhao Hua, et al. The Prolonged Effect of Glucagon-like Peptide 2 on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Injury in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Weaned Piglets[OL].[16 June 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4697695 |
6. Dietary lactulose enhances humoral immunity, alleviates liver oxidant and shifts colon microbiota by improving equol transformation in barrows challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide | |||
Weijiang Zheng,Wen Yao | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 21 November 2015 | |||
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Abstract:In this paper the effects of dietary daidzein alone or in combination with lactulose on humoral immunity, liver oxidant status and colon microbiota of barrows (Landrace×Duroc) challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 36 barrows (age, 40 d; initial BW, 9.35±0.17 kg) were randomly allotted into 6 pens (6 pigs/pen; 2 pens/treatment). Dietary treatments were: 1) control (C, n=12, fed an isoflavones-free basic diet), 2) control+daidzein (D, n=12, fed an isoflavones-free basic diet with 50mg/kg of daidzein supplementation), and 3) control+daidzein+lactulose group (D+L, n=12, fed an isoflavones-free basic diet with 1% of lactulose and 50mg/kg of daidzein supplementation). After 23 days, 6 of pigs from each treatment were randomly selected and injected with LPS. After 24 h post injection, dietary daidzein was found significantly increased the peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation response to both and PHA and LPS stimulation, and daidzein combination with lactulose supplementation had higher response. After 48 h post injection, pigs were killed. In the D and D+L groups, plasma IL-6 level was lower than C group, while cortisol concentration was higher. Furthermore, dietary daidzein or combination with lactulose may improve the profiles of colonic microflora, and maintains the bacteria populations, including hydrogen-utilizing bacteria after LPS challenge. Moreover, by adding lactulose can alleviates the liver oxidative stress caused by LPS challenge in barrows treated with daidzein. | |||
TO cite this article:Weijiang Zheng,Wen Yao. Dietary lactulose enhances humoral immunity, alleviates liver oxidant and shifts colon microbiota by improving equol transformation in barrows challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide[OL].[21 November 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4664472 |
7. Effect of dietary nitrate dosage on gas production in vitro and rumen bacterial abundance of Hu Sheep | |||
Chen Zhiyuan,Ma Tingting,Gong Xiaoxiao,Su Xiaoshuang,Li Guodong,Zhao Guoqi,Lin Miao | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 24 August 2015 | |||
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Abstract:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of diet supplementation with potassium nitrate on rumen gas production in vitro and bacterial diversity in vivo in in sheep. First, rumen fluid was obtained from 3 cannulated Hu sheep fed basal diet to compare gas production of in vitro diet contained nitrate 0%(A, control group), 1% (B), 2% (C), 3% (D), 4% (E), 5% (F), respectively. In a second experiment, 3 cannulated sheep were fed the six diets above, with nitrate concentration increased gradually. Each period had 16 days; before morning feeding at the end of each period, rumen fluid was collected for DNA extraction, 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing and qPCR analysis. In vitro study showed that there was no significant difference in the net gas production, theoretical maximum gas volume and speed of gas production among groups, however, the net gas production and theoretical maximum gas volume of 5% group tended to declined(P<0.1). Paired-End sequencing of 16S rRNA gene targeting showed that Chao1 index of 5% group was significantly higher than control. No difference in Shannon index was observed. At the phylum level, the total percentage of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Verrucomicrobia was more than 90%. At the genus level, Prevotella, Selenomonas, Succinivibrio were dominant genus in each group, the proportion was 47.87%, 5.76%, 2.37% respectively. qPCR showed increase in the relative abundance of Campylobacter fetus with nitrate concentration increased (P<0.01). These results indicate that nitrate addition ranged from 0% to 5% change the abundance of bacteria, especially nitrate reduction bacteria, but do not change gas production, rumen bacterial diversity and advantages community structure. | |||
TO cite this article:Chen Zhiyuan,Ma Tingting,Gong Xiaoxiao, et al. Effect of dietary nitrate dosage on gas production in vitro and rumen bacterial abundance of Hu Sheep[OL].[24 August 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4652935 |
8. Zinc Prevents Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium-Induced Loss of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function in broiler chickens | |||
Zhang Bingkun,Shao Yuxin,Guo Yuming,Yuan Jianmin | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 26 April 2012 | |||
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Abstract:The present study was carried out to evaluate the beneficial effects of supplemental zinc (Zn) on the intestinal mucosal barrier function in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium-challenged broiler chickens in a 42-d experiment. A total of 336 1-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were assigned to 8 treatment groups. A 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used in a completely randomized experimental design to study the effects of levels of supplemental Zn (0, 40, 80, 120 mg/kg of diet), pathogen challenge (with or without S. Typhimurium challenge), and their interactions. S. Typhimurium infection caused reduction of growth performance (P <0.05) and intestinal injury as determined by reduced (P <0.05) villus height/crypt depth ratio and sucrase activity in the ileum, increased (P <0.05) plasma endotoxin levels, and reduced (P <0.05) claudin-1, occludin and MUC2 mRNA expression in the ileum at day 21. Zinc pretreatment tended to improve body weight gain (P = 0.072) in the starter period, increase the activity of ileal sucrase (P=0.077), but tended to reduce plasma endotoxin levels (P=0.080), and significantly increased (P <0.05) villus height/crypt depth ratio and mRNA levels of occludin and claudin-1 in the ileum at day 21. The results indicated that dietary Zn supplementation appeared to alleviate the loss of intestinal mucosal barrier function induced by S. Typhimurium challenge and the partial mechanism might be related to the increased expression of occludin and claudin-1 in broiler chickens. | |||
TO cite this article:Zhang Bingkun,Shao Yuxin,Guo Yuming, et al. Zinc Prevents Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium-Induced Loss of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function in broiler chickens[J]. |
9. Nitrate Reduction to Inhibit Ruminal Methanogenesis and to Improve Microbial Nitrogen Synthesis | |||
Meng Qingxiang,Ren Liping,Zhou Zhenming,Lin Miao,Shi Caixia | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 13 December 2011 | |||
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Abstract:The majority of research showed that nitrate can be administered to ruminants as a sole or major source of fermentable nitrogen. The research evidence leaves little doubt that nitrate, when included at sufficient concentrations in a diet so as to maintain optimum fermentation rate, can largely prevent enteric methane production and greately improve rumen microbial protein synthesis. Several microbial enzymes are characterised as nitrate and nitrite reductases and often are present in the anaerobic microorganisms. In practice, the limitation to nitrate use in a feed is its association with nitrite poisoning. However, nitrite accumulation appears to only occur when relatively large quantities of nitrate are suddenly introduced directly into the rumen of animals not accustomed to nitrate in their feed. Under normal situations, nitrate is not toxic to ruminant animals, but nitrite is detrimental to well being. The toxicity of nitrate is related to many factors, such as animal type, adaptation period, nitrate dosage, feed type and feed rate. Dissimilatory reduction of nitrate to nitrite and assimilatory reduction of nitrite to ammonia are pathways of nitrate metabolism in the rumen, and multiple nitrate/nitrite reductases are involved in the reduction of nitrate to nitrite then to ammonia. Nitrate addition can inhibit methane production in the rumen with the mechanisms that are inhibition of intermedial by-products during nitrate denitrification, and electron competition between nitrate and nitrite reducing bacteria and methanogenic organisms. Some factors influencing nitrate used in ruminant feeds are also discussed in detail. | |||
TO cite this article:Meng Qingxiang,Ren Liping,Zhou Zhenming, et al. Nitrate Reduction to Inhibit Ruminal Methanogenesis and to Improve Microbial Nitrogen Synthesis[OL].[13 December 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4455495 |
10. Paradigm of Time-sequence Development of the Intestine of Suckling Piglets with microarray | |||
SUN Yunzi,YU Bing,ZHANG Keying,HE Jun,CHEN Xijian,CHEN Daiwen | |||
Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine 22 February 2011 | |||
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Abstract:The interaction of the genes involved in intestinal development is the molecular basis of the regulatory mechanisms of intestinal development. The objective of this study was to identify the significant pathways and key genes that regulate intestinal development in Landrace piglets, and then to elucidate their rules of operation. The differential expression of genes related to intestinal development during suckling was investigated using a porcine genome array. Time sequence profiles were then analyzed for the differentially expressed genes to obtain significant expression profiles. Subsequently, the most significant profiles were assayed using Gene Ontology categories, pathway analysis, network analysis, and analysis of gene co-expression to unveil the main biological processes, the significant pathways, and the effective genes, respectively. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR was carried out to verify the reliability of the results of the analysis of the array. The results showed that more than 8000 differential expression transcripts were identified using microarray technology. Among the 30 significant model profiles obtained, profiles 66 and 13 were the most significant. Analysis of profiles 66 and 13 indicated that they were mainly involved in immunity, metabolism, and cell division or proliferation. Among the most effective genes in these two profiles, CN161469, which is similar to methylcrotonoyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase 2 (beta), and U89949.1, which encodes a folate binding protein, had a crucial influence on the co-expression network. | |||
TO cite this article:SUN Yunzi,YU Bing,ZHANG Keying, et al. Paradigm of Time-sequence Development of the Intestine of Suckling Piglets with microarray[OL].[22 February 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4411626 |
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