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1. Recovery Measures and Field Management Strategies After Hailstone Damage in Upland Cotton | |||
NIE Hushuai#,SU Ying#,LI Le,DAI Maohua,WANG Dingwei,SU Beibei,XIAO Feng,HUA Jinping | |||
Agronomy 19 November 2021 | |||
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Abstract:Hailstorm might damage cotton plants severely and cause heavy economic loss in field production. It occurred often in Yellow River Basin Cotton Region and Northwest Inland Cotton Area in China. In 2015 and 2016, there were three times\' hailstorm damaged our field experiments of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Hebei Province during seedling and bud periods. To reduce losses, we started the study to evaluate the damage effects of hailstone on plant architecture, and performed serials strategies to recover the plants and to rescue the experiments. Based on evaluating the hailstone damage, we fertilized 112.50 kg/ha Urea fertilizer (N content ≥ 46.4%) and intertilled the field timely. The recovery of plant individuals sprouted new buds and many new leaves after 12 DAH. Then the unnecessary shoots were pruned to adjust the development of fruit branches. Normally three new sympodia branches (NSB) in the major stem were reserved and eight subsequent emerging boll branches (EBB) in cotton plants. Five accessions with varied recovery ability and different yield potential were sampled to compare the yield and quality after hail damage. Among them, Sumian 20, 11-0710 and 11-0516 increased, while the other two accessions decreased relative to the normal production without hail damage. BC and RIL populations of upland cotton were used to evaluate the damage ratio of yield and quality, which resulted in yield loss ranged 13.45%-20.27%. Fiber length, fibre elongation, fibre uniformity, and fiber strength decreased slightly in the five accessions and two populations. These results proved that the cotton plants can compensate by proper field managements, and remedial output could be obtained after hail damage. | |||
TO cite this article:NIE Hushuai#,SU Ying#,LI Le, et al. Recovery Measures and Field Management Strategies After Hailstone Damage in Upland Cotton[OL].[19 November 2021] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4755796 |
2. The cytoplasmic effect on the floral morphology in upland cotton | |||
NIE Hushuai,HUA Jinping | |||
Agronomy 23 November 2020 | |||
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Abstract:The genetic incompatibilities between nucleus and cytoplasm affect various important traits, such as fertile, yield, and cause extremely complex morphological variation of floral organs. Alloplasm directly regulates the fertility of plants and may result in male sterility. A set of alloplasmic lines, which derived from 12 cytoplasm backcrossing with 3 upland cotton inbred-lines for several successive generations, were used to investigate the effects of nuclear, cytoplasm, and nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction (NCI) on the morphology of flower organ. Observational data of floral traits, include anther numbers, bud length, bud width and stigma length, were measured based on repeat experiment and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to detect the differences. The results showed that the number of cotton anther was mainly determined by cytoplasm and environment, however, not significantly affected by nucleus. The length and width of bud were determined by nucleus, cytoplasm and nucleus-cytoplasmic interaction. The length of stigma was predominantly affected by nucleus and nucleus-cytoplasmic interaction. The results help us to understand more in genetic effects of cytoplasm. | |||
TO cite this article:NIE Hushuai,HUA Jinping. The cytoplasmic effect on the floral morphology in upland cotton[OL].[23 November 2020] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4753090 |
3. Review: on maize grain harvest mechanization and its influencing factors | |||
Mukti Marasini,Zhang Guiping,Zhang Shunfeng,Guan Xia,Liu Yao,Zhang Fenglu | |||
Agronomy 15 July 2019 | |||
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Abstract:Mechanically harvesting is important indicator of technology transformation in agricultural production, increase farm efficiency, income and productivity and solves the contradiction between labour shortage and maize production, but often increase the grain lost, ear lost and breakage percentage due to high grain moisture content at harvest which is the key problem of harvest mechanization in maize production. This paper reviewed relationship between the grain moisture content and its relation to grain filling, agronomy character and management, genetic character and environmental factor. The effect of moisture content on these factor and provide the possible way to increase the harvest mechanization also analyzed. The result provide a basis for increase maize mechanization harvest by selecting suitable varieties with the fast dehydration rate and adopt to the environmental condition. Improvement of maize varieties should done through the breading in concern of yield and quality, lodging resistance, fast dehydration rate and low moisture content at physical maturity. | |||
TO cite this article:Mukti Marasini,Zhang Guiping,Zhang Shunfeng, et al. Review: on maize grain harvest mechanization and its influencing factors[OL].[15 July 2019] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4749379 |
4. The families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiaceae are the dominant bacterial groups during reductive soil disinfestation | |||
HUANG Xinqi | |||
Agronomy 04 July 2017 | |||
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Abstract:Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD), alternatively named as biological soil disinfestation or anaerobic soil disinfestation, is proven to be an environmentally friendly method to control soil-borne disease. Microorganisms are regarded as the key contributors for RSD, however, the relative investigations about these microbe which was essential for the in deep understanding of RSD are deficient. In this study, RSD was performed in four soils, and the bacterial community during the RSD process was detected using pyrosequencing based on bacterial 16S rDNA. The results showed that RSD significantly changed soil bacterial community structure and reduced the bacterial richness and diversity. The relative abundance of Firmicute profoundly increased as an alternative of the decreases in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiaceae belonging to Clostridiales within Firmicute were the three dominant bacterial families during RSD process in most soils. Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, rather than Clostridiaceae which was recognized as the key contributor, were tightly related to the pH decrease in RSD as an indicator of the SCFA accumulation. In addition to these mutual bacterial groups, the families Sphingobacteriales, Bacillales, Burkholderiales and Bacteroidales were also enriched in specific RSD treated soils. | |||
TO cite this article:HUANG Xinqi. The families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiaceae are the dominant bacterial groups during reductive soil disinfestation[OL].[ 4 July 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4738505 |
5. Influence of environmental factors on the occurrence of false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98 | |||
LIN Yang,WU Weigang,JIANG Xuxiang,WANG Fei,LUO Chaoxi | |||
Agronomy 16 June 2017 | |||
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Abstract:In order to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of epidemiology of rice false smut, the occurrence of false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98 was investigated under different environmental conditions. Results demonstrated that sowing dates significantly affected the occurrence of false smut on cultivar Wanxian 98. Regression analysis indicated that both the higher relative humidity 3 days before heading and lower relative humidity 3 weeks after heading of rice cultivar Wanxian 98 could increase the occurrence of this disease. This is the first report which shows the correlation between occurrence of rice false smut and meteorological factors in experimental fields. In the present study, the increased planting density did not lead to increased severity of rice false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98, suggesting that the influence of planting density on the occurrence of false smut might be cultivar specific. The increased planting density has potential risks to increase the severity of rice false smut on cultivars with lower tillering ability rather than on higher tillering cultivars. The enhanced nitrogen application in the early stage did not increase the severity of rice false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98, suggesting that nitrogen still can be applied at the early stage of rice growth even under false smut pressure. | |||
TO cite this article:LIN Yang,WU Weigang,JIANG Xuxiang, et al. Influence of environmental factors on the occurrence of false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98[OL].[16 June 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4737715 |
6. Response of soil erosion processes and sediment sorting on steep rocky slope | |||
HAN Zhen,WANG Xiaoyan,SONG Dandan,LI Xinxin | |||
Agronomy 08 May 2017 | |||
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Abstract:Purpose: This study aimed to (1) observe the effects of rock fragment content on slope erosion processes and eroded sediment selectivity; (2) acquire the effective and ultimate particle size distributions (PSDs) of sediments from slope erosion; and (3) elucidate the influencing factors and characteristics of eroded sediment particles. Materials and methods: The test soil used in this study was collected from Beibei, Xiema in Chongqing, China. We collected six separate soil samples with 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% rock fragments. The experiment were conducted on two parallel 5 m × 1 m × 0.4 m troughs. The rainfall simulation experiments were performed in the State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming in the Loess Plateau. After rainfall, we measured the sediment PSDs using MasterSizer 2000. The PSD data obtained after the sediment was fully dispersed into primary particles labeled the ultimate PSD; whereas those obtained without any dispersion treatment was labeled the effective PSD. Results and discussion: Results revealed that eroded sediment selectivity was represented by clay enrichment. The effective/ultimate ratio of the clay-sized sediments was <1, and this ratio increased as rock fragment contents increased. Silt-sized particles were transported mainly as primary particles because the effective/ultimate ratios of silt-sized particles were closer to 1 than other ratios. The enrichment ratios of sand-sized particles decreased from 0.79 to 0.55 as rock fragment contents increased. The effective/ultimate ratios of sand-sized particles were >1, and this finding suggested that most sand particles, especially those with low rock fragment contents, eroded as aggregates. Clay-, silt-, and sand-sized sediment aggregates were significantly correlated with sediment yield, rock fragment content, and runoff yield strength. Conclusions: The results showed that the runoff coefficient consistently increased as rock fragment contents increased. The soil loss ratio (SLR) and the erosion rate reduced as rock fragment content increased. The relationship between SLR and rock fragment content can be described well in terms of quadratic function. The silt-sized particles were transported mainly as primary particles. The clay-, silt-, and sand-sized sediment aggregates were significantly correlated with rock fragment content. | |||
TO cite this article:HAN Zhen,WANG Xiaoyan,SONG Dandan, et al. Response of soil erosion processes and sediment sorting on steep rocky slope[OL].[ 8 May 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732154 |
7. Shedding light on the crosstalk of plant responses under multiple abiotic factors | |||
Bachar Dahro,LI Jihong,shichunmei | |||
Agronomy 05 May 2017 | |||
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Abstract:The combination of drought, cold and salt factors could occur simultaneously in the field causing a huge loss of crop yields. Hence, the conventional breeding programs that focus on an individual abiotic stress is insufficient to enhance crop productivity in the field. Therefore, the investigation of molecular mechanisms that involve in several abiotic factors is considered as promised tool to improve plant tolerance against simultaneous abiotic stresses. Plants primarily evolved sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to adapt different environmental factors. Here, we reviewed that the effects of drought, salt and cold factors share in inducing cellular osmotic stress. In addition, we showed the crosstalk between the molecular mechanisms that are involved under different abiotic stresses. Overall, we conclude that understanding the physiological responses of plants under simultaneous environmental cues is prerequisite for genetic crop improvement. | |||
TO cite this article:Bachar Dahro,LI Jihong,shichunmei. Shedding light on the crosstalk of plant responses under multiple abiotic factors[OL].[ 5 May 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732957 |
8. Effect of maize-soybean intercropping and nitrogen rates on crop nitrogen and carbon uptake in upland red soil | |||
YANG Wenting,MIAO Jianqun,WANG Xiaowei,XU Jiancheng,LU Meijuan | |||
Agronomy 04 May 2017 | |||
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Abstract:The objective of this research was to determine the effect of cropping patterns (mono maize, mono soybean and maize-soybean intercropping) and nitrogen rates (0, 75, 150, 225, 300 kg/ha) on crop biomass, nitrogen and carbon accumulation in upland red soil. The results show that: Compared with sole maize, maize dry matter yield and carbon accumulation decreased when in intercropped soybean. Also, the interaction between intercropping and nitrogen rates changed nitrogen accumulation and distribution in crop grain, straw and root. Nitrogen application significantly increased maize dry matter yield, nitrogen and carbon accumulation, but reduced those of soybean. In a conclusion, corn-soybean intercropping and nitrogen rates affected the growth of corn and soybean in upland red soil, and changed the allocations of nitrogen and carbon. Maize-soybean intercropping should be an effective and sustainable cropping system for upland red soil. | |||
TO cite this article:YANG Wenting,MIAO Jianqun,WANG Xiaowei, et al. Effect of maize-soybean intercropping and nitrogen rates on crop nitrogen and carbon uptake in upland red soil[OL].[ 4 May 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732613 |
9. Genome-wide analysis of the auxin/indoleacetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family in allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) | |||
Li Haitao,Wang Jing | |||
Agronomy 04 May 2017 | |||
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Abstract:Auxin/Indoleacetic acid (Aux/IAA) genes participate in the auxin signaling pathway and play key roles in plant growth and development. Although the Aux/IAA gene family has been identified in many plants, within allotetraploid Brassica napus little is known. In this study, a total of 119 non-redundant Aux/IAA genes were found in the genome of B. napus. They were distributed non-randomly across all 19 chromosomes and other non-anchored random scaffolds, with a symmetric distribution in the A and C subgenomes. Evolutionary and comparative analysis revealed that 111 (94.1%) B. napus Aux/IAA genes were multiplied due to ancestral Brassica genome triplication and recent allotetraploidy from B. rapa and B. oleracea. Phylogenetic analysis indicated seven subgroups containing 29 orthologous gene sets and two Brassica-specific gene sets. Structures of genes and proteins varied across different genes but were conserved among homologous genes. Furthermore, analysis of transcriptional profiles revealed that the expression patterns of Aux/IAA genes in B. napus were tissue dependent. Auxin-responsive elements tend to be distributed in the proximal region of promoters, and are significantly associated with early exogenous auxin up-regulation. This comprehensive analysis provides a deeper understanding of diversification of Aux/IAA gene family and will facilitate further dissection of Aux/IAA gene function in B. napus. | |||
TO cite this article:Li Haitao,Wang Jing. Genome-wide analysis of the auxin/indoleacetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family in allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)[OL].[ 4 May 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732547 |
10. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the polyamine biosynthesis gene in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) | |||
WuHao,Liu Jihong | |||
Agronomy 28 April 2017 | |||
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Abstract:Polyamines (PAs) are low molecular weight, aliphatic polycations found in the cells of all living organisms. And in plants, a growing number of evidences support that PAs play important roles in abiotic stresses. In this study, a total of 18 polyamine biosynthesis genes which belong to 10 kinds of different polyamine biosynthesis enzymes were isolated from the entire citrus genome and a further analysis including the chromosomal locations, phylogenetic relationships, functional annotations, promoter analysis, and gene structures were performed. Tissue specific expression of these genes was detected in root, stem, leaf, pulp, peel, and callus. The polyamine biosynthesis gene displayed various responses to exogenous polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) and ABA treatments, and were differentially altered by abiotic stresses, including cold and salt. And the change patterns of three main polyamines during cold stress in leaves and callus were characterized. The comprehensive analysis of polyamine biosynthesis gene is helpful to exploit strategies to improve plant tolerance to multiple environmental stresses. | |||
TO cite this article:WuHao,Liu Jihong. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the polyamine biosynthesis gene in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)[OL].[28 April 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4730680 |
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