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1. Absence of 1,25(OH)2D3 results in male mice infertility mediated by extracellular calcium and phosphonium | |||
Sun Weiwei,Dai Xiuliang | |||
Basic Medicine 26 May 2014 | |||
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Abstract:To identify the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 deficient and calcium and phosphorus supplement on male reproductive system, mice with targeted deletion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase [1α(OH)ase-/-] were used in this paper. The 1α(OH)ase-/- mice and their wild-type littermates were fed either a normal diet or a rescue diet (high calcium, phosphate, and lactose) starting from weaning until 3 mo of age, then sperm spermatogenesis and motility were explored. Results showed that 1α(OH)ase-/- male mice displayed hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia, lower concentration of intracellular calcium accompanied with reduced protein levels of calcium transport channels in testis, less sperm count, weaken sperm motility and abnormal sperm morphology at ultrastructure. Furthermore, the deficient spermatogenesis in 1α(OH)ase-/- male mice were deeply found to be concerned with decreased spermatogenic cells proliferation and increased spermatogenic cells apoptosis which might be caused by unusual serum gonadal hormone (estrogen and testosterone) and gonadotropic hormone (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteotrophic hormone) , unbalanced expression of apoptotic and pro-apoptotic proteins. When serum calcium and phosphorus were normalized by the rescue diet, the concentration of intracellular calcium in spermatogenic cells returned to normal level and the defective reproductive phenotype including impaired spermatogenesis and sperm motility in the 1α(OH)ase-/- male mice were reversed. These results indicate that the infertility seen in 1,25(OH)2D-deficient male mice is not a direct effect of active vitamin D deficiency on the reproductive system but is an indirect effect mediated by decreased extracellular /and or intracellular calcium concentration. | |||
TO cite this article:Sun Weiwei,Dai Xiuliang. Absence of 1,25(OH)2D3 results in male mice infertility mediated by extracellular calcium and phosphonium[OL].[26 May 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4598231 |
2. Ultrastructure of mouse thin limbs of Henle's loops based on serials sections and 3D reconstuction | |||
WEN Yu,ZHAI Xiaoyue | |||
Basic Medicine 03 March 2014 | |||
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Abstract:Thin limbs of the long looped nephrons (LLN) are of heterogenic ultrastructure and transportation, which is important for formation of the gradient osmolarity in renal medulla and therefore the concentrated urine. Here presented a detailed description of the epithelia, including ultra-structure and length and location of the epithelial types and subtypes of the descending thin limbs (DTL), as well as ascending thin limbs (ATL), of the LLN. Three adult C57/BL/6J mice were used for kidney tissue serial sections and computer assisted 3D reconstruction of nephrons. Based on tubular tracing, sections representing different epithelial types of DTL and ATL of the LLN were selected and re-embedded in Epon for the ultrastructural analysis. Three epithelial types, type-2, -3, and -4 in sequence are of their own ultrastructural features, running courses, and the spatial locations in renal medulla. Type-2 epithelium constituted the upper part of the DTL for a various distance, about (53.51±5.05)%, located in the outer two thirds of the inner stripe of the outer medulla (ISOM); while type 3 epithelium lined the middle part (38.47±3.06)% of the DTL, started at the border of the outer two thirds and inner one third of the ISOM, ended at the lower 1/5 to 1/4 of the whole length of the DTL, at the various levels of the inner medulla (IM); and type-4 lined the last part of the DTL for various distances, and constituted the pre-bend part of the DTL and the whole length of the ATL. For the individual nephrons, the location of the transition between type-2 and -3 was almost consistent, while the transition of the type-3 and -4 was at the various levels of the IM. According to the ultrastructure, traditional type-2 epithelium was subdivided into type-2a, -2b, and -2c. Type-2a constituted initial part of the DTL of LLN with highly complex ultrastructure and tortuous course for various distances, whereas type-2b and -2c were structurally less complex with less tortuous course, compared with type-2a, and gradually transferred into type-3 around the border of outer and inner medulla (check). In conclusion, different epithelial types and subtypes along DTL and ATL were arranged in a regular sequence, but of various lengths and locations, suggesting regional or segmental transportation properties. | |||
TO cite this article:WEN Yu,ZHAI Xiaoyue. Ultrastructure of mouse thin limbs of Henle's loops based on serials sections and 3D reconstuction[OL].[ 3 March 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4588604 |
3. A novel programmed application of pyruvate: differential stabilization of HIF-1a and HIF-2a | |||
REN Hao,Xiaoyue Zhai | |||
Basic Medicine 31 December 2013 | |||
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Abstract:Purpose. To develop a novel hypoxia preconditioning mimicking approach by pyruvate programming in the retina focusing on the interplay between HIFs and prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs). Methods. 6-8 weeks old BALB/c mice was treated with pyruvate in a programmed regime. Western blotting and real time PCR were applied for the protein and mRNA studies. Retinal morphology was checked by toluidine blue staining. TUNEL staining and free nucleosome assay were used to examine apoptosis. Retinal organic culture was developed to investigate the pyruvate mechanism in vitro. Result. As the predominant isomer in the retina, HIF-1a is highly stabilized by pyruvate both in vivo and vitro. This was followed by a concomitant increase of PHD2 level. In contrast, HIF-2a and PHD1 were not affected by pyruvate in vivo. The down-stream genes of hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and erythropoietin (EPO) also mirrored the changes of the HIFs respectively. Our data revealed a PHD2-HIF-1a feedback loop, which was blocked by pyruvate and rendered further HIF-1a accumulation. In vitro, HIF-2a was also able to be stabilized by pyruvate inhibition to PHD1, but only happed after oxygen withdrawal. Pyruvate treatment reduced retinal apoptosis not only before but also after the light insult. Conclusion. This novel pyruvate programming was retinal protective not only with preconditioning but also post-conditioning. This protection was mainly due to HIF-1a stabilization but not HIF-2a. This differentiation was due to the specific abundance of PHD isoforms in the retina and importantly their distinct preference to HIFs as degradating enzymes. ????? | |||
TO cite this article:REN Hao,Xiaoyue Zhai. A novel programmed application of pyruvate: differential stabilization of HIF-1a and HIF-2a[OL].[31 December 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4579613 |
4. Direct Physical Contact between Intercalated Cells in Distal Convoluted Tubule and the Afferent Arteriole in Mice | |||
REN Hao,Xiaoyue Zhai | |||
Basic Medicine 27 December 2013 | |||
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Abstract:IDirect physical contact between the distal tubule and the afferent arteriole has been reported in rats and rabbits. The existence of a feedback mechanism termed cross-talk similar to that at macular densa has been proposed, which has significant impact on the control of systemic acid-base and electrolytes status. In the present study, we applied computer assisted 3D nephron tracing combined with immunohistochemistry to investigate such contacts in mice. With tracing, it became possible to determine whether the tubule and the contacting arteriole were associated to the same parent nephron or not. We investigated a total of 168 nephrons from 3 mouse kidneys. The majority of the nephrons (approximately 90% of the short-loop and 75% of the long-loop nephrons) had direct physical contact between their own afferent arteriole and distal tubule. These contacts always occurred at the last 10% of the distal convoluted tubule. Type nonA-nonB intercalated cells were always found in the tubular wall at the contact site. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated the existence of direct tubule-arteriole contact in mice. The close association of intercalated cells in the distal convoluted tubule suggests that these contacts may be the morphological basis for a cross-talk mechanism, which is potentially involved in the post-macula densa humeral pH and electrolyte regulation in the kidney. | |||
TO cite this article:REN Hao,Xiaoyue Zhai. Direct Physical Contact between Intercalated Cells in Distal Convoluted Tubule and the Afferent Arteriole in Mice[OL].[27 December 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4578993 |
5. Overexpression of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 in Islet Graft results in Anti-Apoptosis Effect and Prolonged Survival | |||
Qin Jie,Jiao Yang ,Chen Xiaobo ,Zhou Shuang ,Liang Chunmin ,Zhong Cuiping | |||
Basic Medicine 13 January 2009 | |||
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Abstract:A significant portion of islet grafts are destroyed by apoptosis and fail to become functional after transplantation. Strategies which enhance islets’ anti-apoptosis ability may inhibit grafts loss. Aim of this study was to investigate whether overexpression of SOCS1 in islet grafts could achieve anti-apoptosis effect and prolonged grafts survival. We used chimeric adenovirus vector (Ad5F35) to enhance SOCS1 expression in isolated rat islets, and detected its protective action against rTNF-α induced apoptosis. After transplanting SOCS1-overexpressing islets into allogeneic recipients with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, grafts survival and in situ apoptosis were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The isolated rat islets infected with Ad5F35 containing SOCS1 gene (Ad5F35-SOCS1, MOI=100) showed significantly higher SOCS1 expression than Ad5F35-EGFP and mock infected islets. After treatment with rTNF-α and cycloheximide for 48 hours in vitro, Ad5F35-SOCS1 infected islets exhibited lower apoptotic ratio (8.89±4.03%, P<0.05) than controls (Ad5F35-EGFP: 24.60±6.88%, mock infected: 21.14±5.12%). The diabetic recipients transplanted with Ad5F35-SOCS1 infected islets presented 12.14±2.12 days of normoglycemia, statistically longer than that of recipients transplanted with mock infected islets (6.20±1.48 days, P<0.05). Furthermore, histological analysis indicated that these infected grafts with local overexpression of SOCS1 had preserved islet function and suppressed cell apoptosis in the early posttransplant period. These results demonstrate that overexpression of SOCS1 in islet grafts prior to transplantation can significantly protect them from apoptosis loss and prolong their survival. This approach could be used to improve outcomes of islet transplantation in clinic. | |||
TO cite this article:Qin Jie,Jiao Yang ,Chen Xiaobo , et al. Overexpression of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 in Islet Graft results in Anti-Apoptosis Effect and Prolonged Survival[OL].[13 January 2009] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/27693 |
6. Golgi apparatus localization of ZNT7 in the mouse cerebellum | |||
Hui-Ling Gao,Xin Wang,Zhihong Chi,Liping Huang,Zhanyou Wang | |||
Basic Medicine 30 December 2007 | |||
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Abstract:The cerebellum contains a significant amount of zinc ions. However, little is known about zinc homeostasis in the cerebellum. We have recently reported that four members of the zinc transporter (ZNT) family, ZNT1, ZNT3, ZNT4, and ZNT6, are abundantly expressed in the mouse cerebellum. In the present study, we reported that ZNT7 was present throughout the cerebellar cortex. ZNT7 immunoreactivity was predominately present in the somas and primary dendrites of the Purkinje cells. ZNT7 was also present in the Bergmann glial cell bodies as well as their radial processes, which extended into the molecular cell layer. Confocal immunofluorescence results demonstrated that the expression of ZNT7 overlapped with that of TGN38 in the somas of the Purkinje cells and granule cells. Immuno-electron microscopic study showed that ZNT7 was localized to the membrane of the Golgi apparatus in the somas of the Purkinje cells, Bergmann glial cells, and granule cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated that a considerable amount of ZNT7 was expressed in the cerebellum compared to the hippocampus. In addition, zinc autometallographic staining revealed that chelatable zinc was predominately distributed in the Bergmann glial cell bodies and their radial processes. These findings suggest a significant role of ZNT7 in zinc homeostasis in the mouse cerebellum. | |||
TO cite this article:Hui-Ling Gao,Xin Wang,Zhihong Chi, et al. Golgi apparatus localization of ZNT7 in the mouse cerebellum[OL].[30 December 2007] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/17595 |
7. STUDY ON THE DIFFERENTIATION OF MOUSE EMBRYONIC GERM CELLS INTO HEPATOCYTES | |||
FENG ZHI-HUI,LIU XIAO-PING,Guo Feifei | |||
Basic Medicine 02 April 2007 | |||
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Abstract:Objective To investigate the condition which can induce embryonic germ cells (EGCs) to differentiate into hepatocytes in vitro, and lay bases for the study of mechanism of EGCs differentiation, so as to seek new source of seed cells for tissue engineering . Methods The EGCs deriving from gonadal ridges of the mouse embryos on the 11th day were cultured and proliferated in vitro. An aliquot EGCs suspension was cultured in 6-well dishes for 24 hours and then bFGF ,EGF, β-NGF, RA and hepatocyte abstraction were added into the dishes respectively for directional differentiation, and another aliquot EGCs was co-cultured with embryonic hepatic cells for differentiation. Morphological differentiation and intake of indiocyanine green (ICG) by EGCs were investigated. The committed differentiation of EGCs into hepatocytes was confirmed by albumin (ALB) immunocytochemistry. Results After addition of β-NGF, hepatocyte abstraction or co-culture with embryonic hepatic cells, the EGCs were differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells which were star-like or oval in shape. These hepatocyte-like cells ingested ICG and expressed ALB immunoreactivity. They could produce more ALB positive cells than control group (p<0.05), bFGF, EGF and RA had no such effects. Conclusion β-NGF, some unknown factors from hepatocyte abstraction and embryonic hepatic cells could induce EGCs differentiating into hepatocytes effectively. | |||
TO cite this article:FENG ZHI-HUI,LIU XIAO-PING,Guo Feifei. STUDY ON THE DIFFERENTIATION OF MOUSE EMBRYONIC GERM CELLS INTO HEPATOCYTES[OL].[ 2 April 2007] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/11866 |
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