Abstract:Removal of iron in hydrometallurgical processes is a quite popular challenge, and the traditional methods such as precipitation may cause severe secondary pollution and resources waste. In present study, we attempted a cheap and effective technique to remove the iron ions by adsorption onto garlic residue gels. A simple chemical modification method to modify the peel by calcium hydroxide was proposed. Results showed that the optimal equilibrium pH is about 2.5 for 90 % adsorption without the hydrolysis of Fe(III). Adsorption equilibrium was attained within 60 min. The adsorption process can be described well by Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity for Fe(III) ions was found to be 1.4 mol/kg. The sulfenic acid, pectic acid, polyphenolic and alliin components contained in the garlic peel are inferred to be the main ligands responsible for the uptake of Fe(III) ions onto the gel. The simulated solutions referring to the hydrometallurgical process of nickel and copper were prepared to test the selective removal behavior of Fe(III), and the possibility of recovery and reuse of the adsorbed iron was also discussed. The present work may help to recycle and reuse the huge amount of iron resources in the real hydrometallurgical processes, and also bring a more ecofriendly, cleaner and shortened process for many traditional hydrometallurgical processes.

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	1. Selective removal and recovery of Fe(III) by garlic residue gel adsorption
	Xue Jiehao,Zhang Yangzhong,Meng Yeping,Zhou Hongyu,Huang Ying,Liu Junyou,Yin YanLi,Huang Kai
	Environmental Science and Techology 31 October 2018
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	Abstract:Removal of iron in hydrometallurgical processes is a quite popular challenge, and the traditional methods such as precipitation may cause severe secondary pollution and resources waste. In present study, we attempted a cheap and effective technique to remove the iron ions by adsorption onto garlic residue gels. A simple chemical modification method to modify the peel by calcium hydroxide was proposed. Results showed that the optimal equilibrium pH is about 2.5 for 90 % adsorption without the hydrolysis of Fe(III). Adsorption equilibrium was attained within 60 min. The adsorption process can be described well by Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity for Fe(III) ions was found to be 1.4 mol/kg. The sulfenic acid, pectic acid, polyphenolic and alliin components contained in the garlic peel are inferred to be the main ligands responsible for the uptake of Fe(III) ions onto the gel. The simulated solutions referring to the hydrometallurgical process of nickel and copper were prepared to test the selective removal behavior of Fe(III), and the possibility of recovery and reuse of the adsorbed iron was also discussed. The present work may help to recycle and reuse the huge amount of iron resources in the real hydrometallurgical processes, and also bring a more ecofriendly, cleaner and shortened process for many traditional hydrometallurgical processes.
	TO cite this article:Xue Jiehao,Zhang Yangzhong,Meng Yeping, et al. Selective removal and recovery of Fe(III) by garlic residue gel adsorption[OL].[31 October 2018] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4746268


	2. Optimization of Operating Conditions for MBR Treating Mustard Tuber Wastewater by RSM
	CHAI Hongxiang,Wei Yinghua,DU Jun,FANG Junhua
	Environmental Science and Techology 24 January 2013
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	Abstract:In this paper the effects of operating conditions of the membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating mustard tuber wastewater with 7% of salinity (calculated as NaCl) on membrane fouling rate was investigated , and the operating conditions of the reactor was optimized. With the increasing rate of filtration resistance with the cumulative permeate volume（Kv）used to characterize the membrane fouling rate, the study designed three sets of single- factor experiments to investigate the effects of suction suspended time (t), aeration intensity (UGr) and transmembrane pressure (ΔP) on Kv. The result showed that with increasing of t, UGr and ΔP, KV decreased at first and then increased, and t, UGr and ΔP had optimal values. With response surface methodology(RSM)，the MBR operating conditions were optimized，and the optimal conditions was as follows: t = 2min, UGr = 12m3m-2h-1 and ΔP = 5KPa. Through analysis of the response surface plots, interactions between the operating conditions were analyzed, and a conclusion was drawn that interaction between t and UGr was strong, and so was interaction between UGr and ΔP, but the interaction between t and ΔP was not significant.
	TO cite this article:CHAI Hongxiang,Wei Yinghua,DU Jun, et al. Optimization of Operating Conditions for MBR Treating Mustard Tuber Wastewater by RSM[OL].[24 January 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4515610

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	3. Comprehensive application and potential prediction for bathing water recycling in buildings
	Liu Meng,Li Yongqiang,Yang Xincheng
	Environmental Science and Techology 15 October 2012
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	Abstract:Due to global climate change and resource shortage, energy efficiency and resource recycling received extensive attention. China has pushed forward the development of green building as national development strategy. Bathing water consumes both water and energy a lot. Varieties of studies have been carried out on the recycling of waste bathing water leading to numbers of technologies and theoretical researches. But current studies are restricted to the transformation of independent bath units, lacking of recycling on overall structure of the buildings and the analysis on inherent potential. This paper takes both energy and water reuse into consideration, providing a comprehensive application by the settlement using the waste water from bath for greening irrigation and warming-up the inlet bathing water. Predictions are made on energy saving efficiency in different seasons (26.1%, 29.2%, 28.6%) and irrigation ability per capita (97m2) of the comprehensive application.
	TO cite this article:Liu Meng,Li Yongqiang,Yang Xincheng. Comprehensive application and potential prediction for bathing water recycling in buildings[OL].[15 October 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4488331


	4. A Study on the Removal of Carbamazepine and Nitrobenzene in an Enhanced Membrane Bioreactor Process by Adding Powder Activated Carbon
	FAN Huiju,FENG Li,FENG Lijuan,ZHANG Liqiu
	Environmental Science and Techology 31 October 2011
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	Abstract:This paper investigated the removal of carbamazepine and nitrobenzene in an enhanced membrane bioreactor by adding powder activated carbon (PAC). The experimental results of two and half months' continuous operation showed that nitrobenzene can be removed completely no matter whether PAC was added or not. And the contributions of natural volatilization, aeration and activated sludge for the removal of nitrobenzene are 15.2%, 22.2%, and 62.6%, respectively. In comparison to nitrobenzene, carbamazepine's removal was of no avail after one month's operation without adding PAC, however, the removal efficiency of carbamazepine in the enhanced membrane bioreactor with PAC maintained at a stable level of 30%~40% after one month's operation. After PAC dosing, the amounts removed by adsorption and missing (probably biodegradation) both increased greatly, and the overall removal efficiency of carbamazepine raised 24.44 percents. These results indicate the possibility that PAC cannot only adsorb carbamazepine but also promote the biodegradation of carbamazepine. Furthermore, the sludge-water partition coefficient (Kp) and total adsorbed amounts of carbamazepine before and after PAC dosing are ascertained and compared.
	TO cite this article:FAN Huiju,FENG Li,FENG Lijuan, et al. A Study on the Removal of Carbamazepine and Nitrobenzene in an Enhanced Membrane Bioreactor Process by Adding Powder Activated Carbon[OL].[31 October 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4447919


	5. A distributed model for rainfall-runoff and pollutant transport based on transport rate
	HE Zhiguo,TAYFUR Gokmen,RAN Qihua
	Environmental Science and Techology 18 March 2011
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	Abstract:In this paper, a distributed pollutant transport model was developed using the diffusion wave equation and transport rate-based equation. Finite volume method in space and an implicit backward difference scheme in time were employed in the numerical solution of the two-dimensional governing equations. The developed model was tested against an experimental study involving overland flow and the associated pollutant transport. The satisfactory simulation of the experimental data verifies the accuracy of the model. The developed model can reasonably simulate the high concentration of polluant in overland flow at the early stage of rainstorms.
	TO cite this article:HE Zhiguo,TAYFUR Gokmen,RAN Qihua. A distributed model for rainfall-runoff and pollutant transport based on transport rate[OL].[18 March 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4417152


	6. Investigation of Solid Waste Management and its environmental problem in El
	John Leju Celestino Ladu,Marcelino Tombe Jada,Darious Lofu Celestino
	Environmental Science and Techology 14 April 2010
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	Abstract:This study attempts to investigate the management of solid wastes and evaluate other related environmental and human health aspects. El Obied accordingly was the focus of intensive field research. Interviews and observations were used to provide the necessary information. In this study, the sources and components of solid waste were identified, the quantity of solid waste disposed, methods of solid waste disposal and management evaluated, common diseases and disease vectors were assessed and the roles of public health department to solid waste management, problems it faces and workers general health condition were highlighted. Results showed that solid wastes in El Obied urban area were complex in composition and quantity. Management of solid wastes by public health department in El Obied is inefficient. Lack of finance, inadequate number of personnel Lack of transport and proper accommodation are the main problems causing mismanagement of solid wastes. Diseases resulting from poor environmental sanitation constitute the bulk of the health problems in the study area. Communicable diseases were highly prevalent. Accordingly, problem of solid waste management in EI-Obeid will continue to magnify and urban environment will uncontrollably deteriorate unless proper management is taken and the public cooperate with public health department in environmental sanitation of the town.
	TO cite this article:John Leju Celestino Ladu,Marcelino Tombe Jada,Darious Lofu Celestino. Investigation of Solid Waste Management and its environmental problem in El[OL].[14 April 2010] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/41909


	7. Hydrolysis of pretreated rice straw with surfactants at low cellulase dosage
	Yuan Xingzhong ,Liang Yunshan ,Zeng Guangming ,Wang Weiwei
	Environmental Science and Techology 26 January 2010
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	Abstract:The effects of three surfactants (Tween 80, saponin and monorhamnolipid) on the hydrolysis of NaOH-pretreated rice straw by low dosage of cellulase were studied. The results indicated that with a relatively low cellulase dosage (4 FPU g-1 substrate), all surfactants were able to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis, while the biosurfactant monorhamnolipid was demonstrated to be more active than Tween 80 and saponin. Monorhamnolipid at 0.006% increased reducing sugar yield by 23.15%, and the maximal sugar yield was obtained within half of the time compare to the control required. The cellulase losed 67% of its activity in the control, while the activity lost ratios were 31%~43% in the presence of the surfactants. The surfactants addition did not affect the pH of the hydrolysis system. This study provides an opportunity of decreasing enzyme dosage in hydrolysis of agricultural solid waste rich in cellulose.
	TO cite this article:Yuan Xingzhong ,Liang Yunshan ,Zeng Guangming , et al. Hydrolysis of pretreated rice straw with surfactants at low cellulase dosage[OL].[26 January 2010] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/39426


	8. Biological municipal wastewater nutrients removal in anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) sequencing batch reactor: effect of organic carbon source addition
	Zheng Xiong,Li Hongjing,Tong Juan,Chen Yinguang
	Environmental Science and Techology 16 January 2009
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	Abstract:The effect of addition of organic carbon sources (acetic acid and waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid) on anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen, 0.15-0.45 mg/L) biological municipal wastewater treatment was investigated. The results showed that carbon source addition affected not only the transformations of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), glycogen, nitrogen and phosphorus, but the net removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. The removal efficiencies of TN and TP were respectively 61% and 61% without organic carbon source addition, 81% and 95% with acetic acid addition, and 83% and 97% with waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid addition. It seems that the alkaline fermentation liquid of waste biosolids generated in biological wastewater treatment plant can be used to replace acetic acid as an additional carbon source to improve the anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) municipal wastewater nutrients removal although its use was observed to cause a slight increase of effluent BOD and COD concentrations.
	TO cite this article:Zheng Xiong,Li Hongjing,Tong Juan, et al. Biological municipal wastewater nutrients removal in anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) sequencing batch reactor: effect of organic carbon source addition[OL].[16 January 2009] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/27985


	9. Modified First-order Kinetics and Two-Stage Reaction (FKTSR) Land Fill Gas Generation Rate Model
	Chen Jiajun,Wang Hao,ZHANG Na
	Environmental Science and Techology 08 January 2009
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	Abstract:The purpose of this work is to establish a new domestic landfill gas (LFG) generation rate model accounting for the impact of leachate recirculation. FKTSR model, namely a LFG generation rate model of the First-order Kinetics and Two-Stage Reaction, in which nutrient balance for biochemical reaction in two main stages is taken into account. In this study, FKTSR model was modified by introduction of outflow function and organic acid conversion coefficient in order to represent the in-situ condition of nutrient loss through leachate. Laboratory experiments were carried out to simulate the impact of leachate recirculation and to verify the modified FKTSR model. The model calibration was then conducted using the observed data of experiments. Fitting results suggest that the new model gives satisfactory fits to experimental data, and the main parameters, LFG production potential (L0), reaction rate constant in first stage (K1), reaction rate constant in second stage (K2) of the modified FKTSR model are 64.746L, 0.202d-1, 0.338d-1, respectively, comparing to the old ones of 42.069L, 0.231d-1, 0.231d-1. The fitting result proves that the new model provides a better explanation for mechanisms involved for landfill gas generation.
	TO cite this article:Chen Jiajun,Wang Hao,ZHANG Na. Modified First-order Kinetics and Two-Stage Reaction (FKTSR) Land Fill Gas Generation Rate Model[OL].[ 8 January 2009] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/27474


	10. Research on Composition and Recycle Value of Aged Refuse at Shanghai Refuse Landfill
	Yang Yujiang,Zhao Youcai
	Environmental Science and Techology 29 January 2007
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	Abstract:Refuse at Shanghai Refuse Landfill was excavated from the compartments closed from 1991 to 2004; and the composition of aged refuse was studied. The results show that plastic and rubber fractions were well preserved from photodegradation and oxygen aging in closed compartments, and can be recycled after simple pretreatment; the content of organic fraction, mainly including plastic fraction, increased logarithmically with placement time and will exceed inorganic fraction after 2010. Thus thermal treatment, such as incineration and hydrolysis, may be an effective way for the cycling of aged refuse.
	TO cite this article:Yang Yujiang,Zhao Youcai. Research on Composition and Recycle Value of Aged Refuse at Shanghai Refuse Landfill[OL].[29 January 2007] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/10933

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