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	1. Fate and Removal of Various Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Systems
	Zhai Wenchao,Mao Daqing,Luo Yi
	Environmental Science and Techology 25 December 2015
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	Abstract:The high levels of antibiotic residues in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants (PWWTPs) make these plants the hotspots for the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study investigated the fate and removal of 11 subtypes ARGs for sulfonamide, tetracycline, β-lactam and macrolide resistance in each stage of two full-scale PWWTPs in northern China. The levels of typical ARG subtypes in the final effluents ranged from (2.56±0.13)×10^1 to (2.36±0.11)×10^7copies/ml. The absolute abundance of ARGs in effluents accounted for only 0.03%-78.1% of influents of the two PWWTPs, while the majority of the ARGs were transported to the dewatered sludge with concentrations from (2.65±0.43)×10^5 to (4.27±0.03)×10^10copies/g dry weight (dw). The total loads of ARGs discharged through dewatered sludge plus effluent was 1.01-14.09 folds higher than that in the raw influents, suggesting the proliferation of ARGs occurred in the wastewater treatment. The proliferation of ARGs mainly occurs in biological treatment process, such as aeration tank, anoxic tank, sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and bio-contact oxidation, facilitates the proliferation of various ARGs, implying significant replication of certain subtypes of ARGs may be attributable to microbial growth. Chemical oxidation seems promising to remove ARGs, with removal efficiency ranged from 29.3% to 85.7%, while the partial correlation analysis showed significant correlations between antibiotic concentration and ARG removal. Thus the high antibiotic residues within the PWWTPs may have an influence on the proliferation, fate and removal of the associated ARG subtypes.
	TO cite this article:Zhai Wenchao,Mao Daqing,Luo Yi. Fate and Removal of Various Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Typical Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Systems[OL].[25 December 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4673578


	2. Microbial enzym and biomass responses:deciphering vermifiltration treating excess sludge fed continuosly using Eisenia fetida despite seasonal variations
	XING Meiyan,Sun Wen,XU Zhe
	Environmental Science and Techology 26 August 2014
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	Abstract:This paper reports on a seasonal pattern comparison of microbial enzymatic activities and biomass responses based on a conventional biofilter (BF, without earthworm) and a vermi?lter (VF, with earthworm, Eisenia fetida) for sewage sludge treatment fed continuously. The VSS reduction, viable cell number and enzyme activities were assayed to probe what made the VF operated stably. The results indicated that the earthworms' activities can further the volatile suspended solids (VSS) reduction with a 27.17% more than BF. Though the VF has a lower level in the viable cell number, the earthworms strongly improved the enzyme activities, such as INT- dehydrogenase, protease, β-glucosidase and amylase, which can explain the excellent performance of VSS reduction, compared with the BF. The correlation analysis documented that the VSS reduction was positively correlated with microbial enzyme activities. More importantly, the earthworm enabled the VF to avoid the detrimental influence of temperature, which guaranteed a stable performance during seasonal variations.
	TO cite this article:XING Meiyan,Sun Wen,XU Zhe. Microbial enzym and biomass responses:deciphering vermifiltration treating excess sludge fed continuosly using Eisenia fetida despite seasonal variations[OL].[26 August 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4607574


	3. Proteomics of a toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella DH01: Detection and identification of cell surface proteins by fluorescent labeling
	LI Cheng,WANG Dazhi,XIE Zhangxian,DONG Hongpo,HONG Huasheng
	Environmental Science and Techology 27 March 2011
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	Abstract:Alexandrium catenella DH01 is a toxic dinoflagellate species which is not only able to produce paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs) but also cause harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the coast of China. In this study, we present a new protocol for specific labeling and detection of cell surface proteins (CSPs) of A. catenella DH01 cells using CyDye DIGE Fluor minimal dyes, and have identified CSPs using a combining approach of two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometry. The results showed that the fluorescent cyanine dye Cy3 could specific combine with CSPs of A. catenella DH01 cells with minimal labeling of intracellular proteins. Trizol method was the best to extract CSPs with respect to protein spot number and resolution among the three protein extraction methods. A total of 41 CSPs were separated and identified from A. catenella DH01 in 2-D gel, among of them, 14 proteins gave the positive identification of protein orthologues in the protein database by MALDI TOF-TOF MS analysis. This work represents the first attempt to investigate CSPs of A. catenella using CyDye DIGE fluors dyeing method, which provides a potential important tool for future comprehensive characterization of CSPs and elucidation of physiological functions of CSPs in dinoflagellatess.
	TO cite this article:LI Cheng,WANG Dazhi,XIE Zhangxian, et al. Proteomics of a toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella DH01: Detection and identification of cell surface proteins by fluorescent labeling[OL].[27 March 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4418677

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