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	1. How leaves dissipate diurnal excess energy of photosynthetic apparatus resulted from drought in the field-grown cotton
	Ya-Li Zhang,Xiao-Ping Yi,He-Sheng Yao,Hong-Hai Luo,Ling-Gou,Wang-Feng Zhang
	Agronomy 20 November 2015
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	Abstract:To clarify the diurnal balance between the light energy conversion and theCO2 assimilation capacity under the drought, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf movement and leaf micro-environment during the day time were examined in the field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and then we evaluated the partitioning of absorbed light energy and the distribution of photosynthetic electron flow. The results showed that leaf diaheliotropic movement was pronounced in all treatments, the incident PAR light and leaf temperature increased in the morning and decreased in the afternoon and drought significantly increased leaf temperature. The diurnal time course of ΦPSII decreased in the morning and increased in the afternoon, moderate drought was obviously lower than well-watered plants, but the predawn Fv/Fm showed no differences among three treatments. It means that moderate drought stress induced down-regulation of photosynthetic apparatus but not caused permanent damage of PSII. The diurnal time course of ΦNPQ showed a maximum between 14:00 and 16:00 hours, and the value was greatest in the moderate drought stressed plants. The diurnal time courses of the distribution of photosynthetic electron flow showed that the drought-induced decrease in the proportion of electron flux for photosynthetic carbon reduction was mostly compensated by the electron flux for the photorespiratory carbon oxidation and the alternative electron flux driven by Mehler-peroxidase reaction and cyclic electron transport around PSI or nitrate reduction. Therefore, we concluded that (1) active leaf diaheliotropic movement works well under drought can optimize the incident light available for photosynthetic apparatus; (2) cotton uses electron transport flux under mild drought whereas electron transport flux and regulated non-photochemical energy dissipation under moderate drought for excess light energy dissipation; (3) photosynthetic electron transport flux is insensitive to drought because of stronger alternative electron sinks in cotton.
	TO cite this article:Ya-Li Zhang,Xiao-Ping Yi,He-Sheng Yao, et al. How leaves dissipate diurnal excess energy of photosynthetic apparatus resulted from drought in the field-grown cotton[OL].[20 November 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4660445


	2. Modeling of rapeseed at maturity stage using 3D unorganized point clouds and digital images
	CHANG Tingting,WANG Xingyu,ZHAI Ruifang
	Agronomy 15 September 2014
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	Abstract:The 3D morphological expressin of a plant is important because this is the basis for building a functinonal-structural plant model to study the relationships between the structure, its environment, and its internal biology. Creating 3D plant models is often a difficult and laborious task especially to rapeseed because of its complexity and it has not been accomplished in the traditional ways. To make it easier and more natural, the integration of digital images and 3D unorganized point clouds from a digitizer provides a promising approach for rapeseed model generation. In the present study, 3D unorganized point clouds and digital images were incorporated in the generation of complex models of rapeseeds at maturity stage. Unorganized point clouds and image sequences were taken from different viewpoints using a 3D digitizer. The 3D unorganized points and image sequences were used for the automated registration of all data sets from all the viewpoints, which is pair-wise registration. Later, all the pair-wise registration parameters were used as initial transformation parameters for multiple registrations. The next procedure generated a surface model by triangulated irregular network using all the point clouds. The capabilities of our system were demonstrated through real data sets. Meanwhile, mesurements on some parameters such as branch locations, angles, lengths were implemented and compared to the parameters obtained by manual measurements. Experimental results showed that the average normal distances between the two scans were less than 0.3 mm after simultaneous registration, which indicated that the proposed methodology is effective and efficient.
	TO cite this article:CHANG Tingting,WANG Xingyu,ZHAI Ruifang. Modeling of rapeseed at maturity stage using 3D unorganized point clouds and digital images[OL].[15 September 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4610117


	3. A Theoretical Model Research of Rice Water Stress Index based on Infrared Thermal Imaging
	GAO Mingchao,ZHANG Wenzhong,YAO Chen,YIN Dawei,CHENG Xiaoyi,PEI Yao,YU Jilin,ZHAO Miaomiao
	Agronomy 16 May 2013
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	Abstract:It detected the canopy temperature of rice via automated infrared imaging technology in the test under different irrigation condition, and used the CWSI theoretical model to diagnose whether the crop suffered water stress or not. It also analyzed the water stress index theoretical model of crop and other indexes on reflecting the water status of crop, including the relationship between the CWSI and leaf stomatal resistance, the CWSI and leaf net photosynthetic rate, and the CWSI and the soil moisture content. The results showed that the relations between the surface theoretical model and the above indexes were fine. It meant the CWSI well reflected the features of water stress of rice.
	TO cite this article:GAO Mingchao,ZHANG Wenzhong,YAO Chen, et al. A Theoretical Model Research of Rice Water Stress Index based on Infrared Thermal Imaging[OL].[16 May 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4543723


	4. Non-target-site based metribuzin tolerance in two induced mutants of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)
	PAN Gang,SI Ping,YU Qin,POWLES Steve,TU Jumin
	Agronomy 21 January 2011
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	Abstract:Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is the most important grain legume crop in Australia. Metribuzin is widely used to control weeds in lupin crops. This study investigates metribuzin tolerance mechanism in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) using two tolerant mutants Tanjil-AZ-33 and Tanjil-AZ-55 in comparison to the susceptible wild type cv Tanjil. Sequencing of the highly conserved region of the chloroplast psbA gene that covers all the potential herbicide resistance-endowing mutations revealed that the sequences between the wild type and mutants are identical and no known resistance psbA mutations were identified. This lack of resistance mutations in the psbA gene, together with the nuclear inherited tolerance pattern determined in our previous study, indicate that tolerance in the two mutants is likely non-target site based. Additionally, in contrast to the susceptible plants, the photosynthetic rates of the two tolerant mutants were reduced to 70% of the control 0.5 days after metribuzin treatment, but recovered to the level of the control within 2.5 days of the treatment. The initial reduction and later recovery in photosynthetic rate of tolerant mutants further indicates that target site chloroplast is susceptible and mechanism of tolerance is non-target site based. Investigation of cytochrome P450 inhibitors on plant survival revealed that tolerance in the two mutants was reversed by all three P450 inhibitors (omethoate, malathion and phorate), suggesting P450-mediated metabolism likely to be the mechanism endowing metribuzin tolerance. Interestingly, the GST inhibitor tridiphane reversed tolerance of only one mutant Tanjil-AZ-55, not Tanjil-AZ-33. The differences of the two mutants in response to tridiphane suggest that different metabolic resistance mechanisms are likely involved in tolerance of the two mutants.
	TO cite this article:PAN Gang,SI Ping,YU Qin, et al. Non-target-site based metribuzin tolerance in two induced mutants of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)[OL].[21 January 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4407785

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