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	1. A Tourist-like MITE insertion in the upstream region of the BnFLC.A10 gene is associated with vernalization requirement in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
	Hou Jinna,Long Yan,Zou Xiaoxiao,Wang Jing,Meng Jinling
	Agronomy 09 November 2012
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	Abstract:In this paper, we fine-mapped the spring environment specific quantitative trait locus (QTL) for flowering time, qFT10-4，in a doubled haploid (DH) mapping population of rapeseed derived from a cross between Tapidor (winter-type) and Ningyou7 (semi-winter) and delimited the qFT10-4 to an 80-kb region on chromosome A10 of B. napus. The BnFLC.A10 gene, an ortholog of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) in Arabidopsis, was cloned from the QTL. We identified 12 polymorphic sites between BnFLC.A10 parental alleles of the TN-DH population in the upstream region and in intron 1. Expression of both BnFLC.A10 alleles decreased during vernalization, but decreased more slowly in the winter parent Tapidor. Haplotyping and association analysis showed that one of the polymorphic sites upstream of BnFLC.A10 is strongly associated with the vernalization requirement of rapeseed (r2 = 0.93, χ2 = 0.50). This polymorphic site is derived from a Tourist-like miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) insertion/deletion in the upstream region of BnFLC.A10. The MITE sequence was not present in the BnFLC.A10 gene in spring-type rapeseed, nor in ancestral 'A' genome species B. rapa genotypes. Our results suggest that the insertion may have occurred in winter rapeseed after B. napus speciation.
	TO cite this article:Hou Jinna,Long Yan,Zou Xiaoxiao, et al. A Tourist-like MITE insertion in the upstream region of the BnFLC.A10 gene is associated with vernalization requirement in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)[OL].[ 9 November 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4494914


	2. Non-target-site based metribuzin tolerance in two induced mutants of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)
	PAN Gang,SI Ping,YU Qin,POWLES Steve,TU Jumin
	Agronomy 21 January 2011
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	Abstract:Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is the most important grain legume crop in Australia. Metribuzin is widely used to control weeds in lupin crops. This study investigates metribuzin tolerance mechanism in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) using two tolerant mutants Tanjil-AZ-33 and Tanjil-AZ-55 in comparison to the susceptible wild type cv Tanjil. Sequencing of the highly conserved region of the chloroplast psbA gene that covers all the potential herbicide resistance-endowing mutations revealed that the sequences between the wild type and mutants are identical and no known resistance psbA mutations were identified. This lack of resistance mutations in the psbA gene, together with the nuclear inherited tolerance pattern determined in our previous study, indicate that tolerance in the two mutants is likely non-target site based. Additionally, in contrast to the susceptible plants, the photosynthetic rates of the two tolerant mutants were reduced to 70% of the control 0.5 days after metribuzin treatment, but recovered to the level of the control within 2.5 days of the treatment. The initial reduction and later recovery in photosynthetic rate of tolerant mutants further indicates that target site chloroplast is susceptible and mechanism of tolerance is non-target site based. Investigation of cytochrome P450 inhibitors on plant survival revealed that tolerance in the two mutants was reversed by all three P450 inhibitors (omethoate, malathion and phorate), suggesting P450-mediated metabolism likely to be the mechanism endowing metribuzin tolerance. Interestingly, the GST inhibitor tridiphane reversed tolerance of only one mutant Tanjil-AZ-55, not Tanjil-AZ-33. The differences of the two mutants in response to tridiphane suggest that different metabolic resistance mechanisms are likely involved in tolerance of the two mutants.
	TO cite this article:PAN Gang,SI Ping,YU Qin, et al. Non-target-site based metribuzin tolerance in two induced mutants of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)[OL].[21 January 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4407785


	3. Chromosomal Behavior During The Microsporogenesis of A Trigeneric Hybrid Involving Triticum, Secale and Leymus
	HE Fang,LIU HaiYan,WANG HongGang,LI XingFeng
	Agronomy 05 May 2008
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	Abstract:A trigeneric hybrid involving species from the Triticum, Secale and Leymus had been synthesized by crossing Triticale (Jinsong49) with Tritileymus (950059). Meiotic behaviors of chromosomes from different genomes in trigeneric hybrids F1 were studied. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) results showed that Jinsong49 and 950059 had 44 wheat chromosomes and 12 alien chromosomes respectively. GISH results of F1 plant indicated it had 6 rye chromosomes and 6 Leymus chromosomes, and these alien chromosomes rarely paired with wheat chromosomes thus presented as univalents. The micronuclei in microspores were mainly derived from alien chromosomes. Asynchronic chromosomes during the pollen development of F1 plant were also observed.
	TO cite this article:HE Fang,LIU HaiYan,WANG HongGang, et al. Chromosomal Behavior During The Microsporogenesis of A Trigeneric Hybrid Involving Triticum, Secale and Leymus[OL].[ 5 May 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/21085


	4. Extra divisions and nuclei fusions in microspores from Brassica allohexaploid (AABBCC) × Orychophragmus violaceus hybrids
	Ge Xianhong
	Agronomy 24 October 2006
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	Abstract:Abnormal meiosis and microspore development and related defective mutants have often been reported in plants and wide hybrids. Here extra divisions and nuclei fusions were observed to occur in microspore nuclei of partial hybrids between synthetic Brassica hexaploid (2n＝54, AABBCC) and another crucifer Orychophragmus violaceus (2n=24). Abnormal spindle were formed and chromosomes were separated into several nuclei of variable sizes after bi-, or multi-polar divisions in the four cells of tetrads. As a consequence, more than eight mini-microspores of different sizes were produced by one tetrad. Genomic in situ hybridization results indicated that no chromosome replication occurred during such divisions. In some tetrads, the four nuclei were fused to form one large cell with increased chromosome number. The extra divisions or fusions appeared only in some flower buds of one plant, some anthers in the same buds, or even in individual cells of tetrads. The possible mechanisms behind these cytological phenomena were discussed.
	TO cite this article:Ge Xianhong . Extra divisions and nuclei fusions in microspores from Brassica allohexaploid (AABBCC) × Orychophragmus violaceus hybrids[OL].[24 October 2006] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/8933


	5. Genome doubling and chromosome elimination with fragment recombination leading to the formation of Brassica rapa-type plants with genomic alterations in crosses with Orychophragmus violaceus
	Liu Min
	Agronomy 24 October 2006
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	Abstract:In plant distant crosses, non-classical hybrids with unexpected chromosome complements, chromosome elimination and genetic introgression have been documented. Herein hybrid plants were obtained with embryo rescue from intergeneric crosses between Brassica rapa, B. rapa var. chinensis and another crucifer, Orychophragmus violaceus, and mainly displayed a female B. rapa phenotype but also certain O. violaceus or novel characteristics. Variable numbers of chromosomes appeared in somatic cells in the roots of plantlets on medium and ovaries and pollen mother cells (PMCs) and higher cell numbers were recorded in the roots. GISH observations revealed the majority of ovary cells and PMCs to twenty chromosomes of B. rapa with or without individual O. violaceus chromosomes or fragments added or introgressed. AFLP analysis revealed that fragments deleted for B. rapa was much more frequent than novel and O. violaceus fragments and about 50% of them were the same in more than half of F1 plants, and the number of O. violaceus fragments positively correlated with its traits expressed in hybrids. The mechanisms behind the results were the genome doubling and successive elimination of the O. violaceus chromosomes accompanied by the fragment recombination and introgression, producing B. rapa-type plants with modified genetic constitutions and phenotypes.
	TO cite this article:Liu Min . Genome doubling and chromosome elimination with fragment recombination leading to the formation of Brassica rapa-type plants with genomic alterations in crosses with Orychophragmus violaceus[OL].[24 October 2006] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/8914


	6. STS Markers for Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Pm6
	Ji Jianhui,Wang Haiyan,Cao Aizhong,Wang Suling,Zhuang Lifang,Chen Peidu,Liu Dajun,Wang Xiue
	Agronomy 18 October 2006
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	Abstract:The powdery mildew resistance gene Pm6, which was from tetraploid wheat Triticum timopheevii L., is an effective gene in most powdery mildew epidemic areas of China. RFLP probe BCD135 has been proved linked with Pm6. In order to develop molecular markers for Pm6, in the present research, four STS primers (NAU/STSBCD135-1, NAU/STSBCD135-2, STS003 and STS004) were designed based on the sequence data of BCD135. These primers were used for PCR amplification using the genomic DNA of resistant near-isogenic lines (with Pm6) and their recurrent parent “Prins” as samples. No polymorphic product was observed when using primers STS003 and STS004. However, primers NAU/STSBCD135-1 and NAU/STSBCD135-2 could amplify two and one polymorphic bands between the near-isogenic-lines and “Prins”, respectively. The two primers were then used to amplify the F2 population from a cross of (IGV1-465 × Prins). The amplification and the powdery mildew resistance identification data were analyzed using the software Mapmaker3.0. The results indicated that both NAU/STSBCD135-1 and NAU/STSBCD135-2 were closely linked to Pm6 with a genetic distance of 1.0 cM.
	TO cite this article:Ji Jianhui,Wang Haiyan,Cao Aizhong, et al. STS Markers for Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Pm6[OL].[18 October 2006] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/8809

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