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	1. Comment on Quantum private query with perfect user privacy against a joint-measurement attack
	Wu Yali,Sun Hongxiang
	Physics 22 March 2021
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	Abstract:The quantum-key-distribution (QKD)-based quantum private query (QPQ) has become a research hotspot in recent years. Although such QPQ protocols are practical, joint-measurement (JM) attack is a noteworthy threat to the security of the database. Specifically, a malicious user can illegally obtain entries more than the average number of honest users from the database. Taking Jakobi et al.\'s protocol as an example, a malicious user can obtain up to 500 bits from a database of 10000 bits in one query instead of the expected 2.44 bits. In order to prevent JM attacks, Yang et al. proposed a novel classical post-processing against the JM attack. But after analysis, we found that there are security flaws in these protocols. It is impossible to achieve joint measurement resistance in the quantum private query agreement between the two parties only through a simple classical post-processing process.
	TO cite this article:Wu Yali,Sun Hongxiang. Comment on Quantum private query with perfect user privacy against a joint-measurement attack[OL].[22 March 2021] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4754002


	2. Observational relativity: bringing to light the essence of relativistic effects
	RUAN Xiaogang
	Physics 24 April 2018
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	Abstract:This paper theoretically deduces the invariance of information-wave speed (IIWS) and the general Lorentz transformation (GLT) from the most basic physical properties, then establishes the theory of observational relativity (OR), and unifies Einstein\'s special relativity (SR) and de Broglie\'s matter-wave theory. More than 100 years ago, Einstein proposed the hypothesis of invariance of light speed (ILS) according to the Michelson-Morley experiment; then theoretically deduced the Lorentz transformation from ILS, established his SR, and brought to light the relativistic effects of matter motion. Up till today, however, people still don\'t know why the speed of light is invariant or cannot be exceeded, and why the photon has no rest mass. In fact, the Michelson-Morley experiment does not mean ILS, but does demonstrate an extremely important phenomenon in physical observation: the speed of information wave (IW) is observationally invariant. OR brings to light the cause of ILS formation, and elucidates the origin and essence of relativistic effects: all the relativistic effects are observational effects. OR suggests that, only if light works as IW, can ILS be valid as a special case of IIWS, and can Einstein\'s SR hold true as a partial theory of OR. OR strictly follows Bohr\'s correspondence principle：GLT reduces to Lorentz transfromation when the IW speed is the speed of light; GLT reduces to Galilean transformation if the IW speed is infinite.
	TO cite this article:RUAN Xiaogang. Observational relativity: bringing to light the essence of relativistic effects[OL].[24 April 2018] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4744495

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	3. The relating geometry in Special Relativity
	Zheng-chen Liang,Bao-guo Hao
	Physics 19 May 2017
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	Abstract:Based on the abundant properties of Minkowski spacetime $mathcal{M}$ in Special Relativity, here we create a geometric structure in fiber-bundle language which relates the tangent bundle $mathcal{TM}$ to Cartan subalgebra $mathfrak{h}$ of the gauge Lie algebra $mathfrak{g}$ of connected compact Lie group $G$. In the relating geometry, the structural group of principal bundle $P$ is the quotient group $G_Sigma=G/H$ by a maximum torus subgroup $H$, while the positive-definite Cartan subalgebra $mathfrak{h}$ with an Exponential Map to $H$ holds the bundle of $mathfrak{q}_x=mathcal{T}_xmathcal{M}oplusmathfrak{h}$. If the bundle of $mathfrak{q}_x$ is trivial over $mathcal{M}$, a relater $t_lpha^{ eta}$ for the Maurer-Cartan connection 1-form of $mathcal{M}$ can be solved when $ ext{dim} H=4$. The geometry has an instant application to classical observations on massive particles. It provides the modification with a Variable-Speed-of-Light (VSL) derived from the Clifford values in $mathfrak{q}_x$ and the associative bundle $mathfrak{E}_x$.
	TO cite this article:Zheng-chen Liang,Bao-guo Hao. The relating geometry in Special Relativity[OL].[19 May 2017] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4728382


	4. The gravitational theory with special and general relativity expansions and its graviton solutions
	Chen Guang
	Physics 22 February 2016
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	Abstract:We believe that, the latest LIGO gravitational wave detection results is undoubtedly a major achievement of general relativity experimental studies and an important event in the history of human science development. But the direct discovery of gravitational waves does not mean that general relativity is already a complete theory of gravity. On the contrary, it demonstrates the inadequacy of Einstein gravitational theory. Because gravitational waves, as the rigorous solutions of the linear gravitational field equations, do not satisfy the nonlinear Einstein equations. Thus, gravitational waves can not be space-time waves, but only probability waves of the gravitons. In order to solve a series of problems including gravitational waves, based on the quantized mathematics and new equivalence principle，we improve Einstein gravitational theory to include curved space-time geometry and linear gravity, thus forming a gravitational theory with special and general relativity expansions. Thereafter, the graviton solutions of this theory are obtained, and the wave-particle duality of the gravitons in curved space-time background are explained. In particular, we illustrate the internal structure and the external behavior of the gravitons, define extended graviton and non-extended graviton, as well as positive momentum graviton and negative momentum graviton; deduce the quantization and uncertainty of background space-time geometry, and explain the quantization of space-time and energy. Correspondingly, we introduce classical gravitational strings and define quantum graviton states，reveal the probability nature of gravitational strings and describe the change of graviton states with respect to graviton energy and background space-time geometry; describe the interaction of gravitons with matter. This paper also predicts the possible developments of our gravitational theory and explains the significant impacts of our graviton solutions on the existing physical theories. Finally, we point out that, as the average approximation of gravitational strings, gravitational waves can transmit energy and information，but do not warp the space-time they pass through. As for the LIGO discovery, the interference effects are only the results of the laser transmission path length modulations caused by the gravitons with positive and negative momentums, which act on the mirrors in the detectors and make them displacements. This no doubt will change our gravitational wave observation methods and data analysis.
	TO cite this article:Chen Guang. The gravitational theory with special and general relativity expansions and its graviton solutions[OL].[22 February 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4675982


	5. First Order Form of Schrödinger Equation
	LI Anyong
	Physics 21 May 2015
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	Abstract:Based on the algebra of matrices we propose a general first order equation in three- dimension which can deduce the Schrödinger equation. The corresponding time-independent equation is also proposed for a general potential. Several constant potential problems including potential step problem and potential well problem are treated using this first-order equation, we obtain the non- relativistic quantum mechanical results of the Schrödinger equation. Moreover, for the finite potential well problem, the first-order relativistic correction of the energy is also obtained.
	TO cite this article:LI Anyong. First Order Form of Schrödinger Equation[OL].[21 May 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4644614


	6. Ultracold finite-size Fermi gas in a quartic trap
	CHEN Liwei,SU Guozhen,CHEN Jincan
	Physics 12 September 2012
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	Abstract:Low temperature properties of a finite-size ideal Fermi gas trapped in a quartic potential are studied. The curves of the chemical potential and specific heat varying with the particle number and temperature are plotted. The results obtained here are based on the numerical calculation of the state sum without invoking the Thomas-Fermi approximation, so that the more detailed dependences of the chemical potential and specific heat on the particle number and temperature are revealed.
	TO cite this article:CHEN Liwei,SU Guozhen,CHEN Jincan. Ultracold finite-size Fermi gas in a quartic trap[OL].[12 September 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4489343


	7. A derivation of inertial mass equal to gravitational mass and the origin of inertia
	Dai Youping ,Dai Xinping
	Physics 21 January 2012
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	Abstract:In this paper，an affect of the gravitational potential generated by all matter in the universe is discussed. Studies shown that there is a certain derivation of inertial mass equal to gravitational mass, and can get the origin of inertia. We find that Lorenz transformation, mass-energy formula and Newtonian mechanics are all affected by the gravitational potential of all matter in the universe, and the square velocity of light is qeual to this gravitational potential too. Finally, the meaning of parameter c in Einstein equations is discussed.
	TO cite this article:Dai Youping ,Dai Xinping . A derivation of inertial mass equal to gravitational mass and the origin of inertia[OL].[21 January 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4463555


	8. Transmitting Matter by Using Space-Varying Probability
	HUANG Yongyi
	Physics 10 January 2012
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	Abstract:Macro matter has a definite path, howerver, micro matter does not have a clear moting path because it has a fundamental property i.e. the duality of wave and particle. Based on the difference between macro matter and micro matter, we propose the concept of transmitting matter by using space-varying probability. After we solve Schrodinger equation of the unequal doublee-δ potential, we demonstrate the main process of transmission via space-varying probability. We point out three main results for probability transmission: (1) the transmission distance does not have any limit, (2) the transmission system will emit a phonon at the end of transmission process. (3) the transimission velocity is de Broglie matter wave phase velocity which may be larger many times than light speed in vacuum
	TO cite this article:HUANG Yongyi. Transmitting Matter by Using Space-Varying Probability[OL].[10 January 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4461264


	9. The Source of de Broglie Matter Wave
	HUANG Yongyi
	Physics 22 December 2011
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	Abstract:Comparing Schrödinger equation and Maxwell equation, Born probability density is regarded as the source of de Broglie matter wave. The source-denpendent Schrödinger equation is established for the matter wave radiation process for the first time. A two-level system is reinvestigated considering the effect of matter wave radiation. A modified Stern-Gerlach setup is proposed to verify the existence of matter wave radiation.
	TO cite this article:HUANG Yongyi. The Source of de Broglie Matter Wave[OL].[22 December 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4457051


	10. Equivalence Principle for Electromagnetic Force
	Jianming Li,Tianling Dong
	Physics 13 May 2011
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	Abstract:Ideal dielectrics can experience electromagnetic force although there are no real currents, charges and losses in them. Based on equivalence principle, we consider the electromagnetic force as the results of interaction among the electromagnetic waves, equivalent electric currents and magnetic currents. Our analysis shows that Minkowski form of electromagnetic momentum is supported by equivalence principle.
	TO cite this article:Jianming Li,Tianling Dong. Equivalence Principle for Electromagnetic Force[OL].[13 May 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4427099

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