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	1. Engineering Bacillus subtilis for acetoin production from glucose and xylose mixtures
	CHEN Tao,LIU Weixi,FU Jing,ZHANG BO
	Chemical Engineering 23 April 2013
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	Abstract:As a vital flavor compound, acetoin is extensively used in dairy products and drinks industry. In this study, Bacillus subtilis was engineered to metabolize glucose and xylose as substrates for acetoin production. Initially, gene araE from B. subtilis, encoding the xylose transport protein AraE, was placed under the control of the constitutive promoter P43 for over-expression. Batch cultures showed that 10 g/L xylose was depleted completely in 32 hours. Subsequently, genes xylA and xylB from Escherichia coli, encoding xylose isomerase and xylulokinase respectively, were introduced into B. subtilis, and the recombinant turned out to assimilate glucose and xylose without preference. In shake-flask fermentations, 5.5 g/L acetoin with a yield of 0.70 mol (molosugar)-1 was obtained by the optimum strain BSUL13 under microaerobic conditions, which offered a metabolic engineering strategy on engineering microbe as cell factory for the production of high-valued chemicals from renewable resource.
	TO cite this article:CHEN Tao,LIU Weixi,FU Jing, et al. Engineering Bacillus subtilis for acetoin production from glucose and xylose mixtures[J].


	2. A Highly Atom Economic, Chemo-, Regio-and Stereoselective Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Novel Spiro-Cyclopentanone
	JIN Yijun,ZHANG Yali,LU Jinqiu,ZHAO Chengguang,YANG Shulin
	Chemical Engineering 12 March 2013
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	Abstract:The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides derived from acenaphthenequinone and α-amino acid(sarcosine) to a series of 2,5-bis(fluorobenzylidene)cyclopentanones afforded novel spiro-cyclopentanone-pyrrolizines chemo-, regio- and stereoselectively in quantitative yields (95-96%). The crystal structure of one compound containing bis(2,6-difluorobenzyl) (2b) is described. The cyclopentane rings in 2b have an envelope conformation
	TO cite this article:JIN Yijun,ZHANG Yali,LU Jinqiu, et al. A Highly Atom Economic, Chemo-, Regio-and Stereoselective Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Novel Spiro-Cyclopentanone[OL].[12 March 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4528473

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	3. Optimization of trace elements using response surface methodology (RSM) for biogas production in dry anaerobic digestion
	LI Hongli,CAO Feifei,WANG Yan
	Chemical Engineering 25 January 2013
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	Abstract:The effect of trace elements (Fe、Co and Ni) on mesophilic dry anaerobic digestion was investigated in this study. Response surface methodology (RSM), based on a three-level Box-Behnken Design with the Design-Expert Software, was employed in order to obtain the optimal concentrations of trace elements. The experiment results demonstrated that the optimized concentrations of trace elements were 15.0 mg FeoL-1, 1.0 mg CooL-1, 1.2 mg NioL-1, respectively. Under the optimized condition, the maximum accumulated biogas reached 7895.28 mL in mesophilic dry anaerobic digestion, which was consistent with the predicted value by the second-order polynomial model.
	TO cite this article:LI Hongli,CAO Feifei,WANG Yan. Optimization of trace elements using response surface methodology (RSM) for biogas production in dry anaerobic digestion[OL].[25 January 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4518256


	4. Determination of Flooding/Loading Transition Using Acoustic Emission Method
	REN Congjing,ZHOU Yefeng,WANG Jingdai,YANG Yongrong
	Chemical Engineering 09 January 2013
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	Abstract:We obtained the characteristic scale (G1) of the acoustic emission (AE) signals representing the correlations between bubbles and liquid phase in a gas-liquid stirred tank by using multi-scale wavelet transform and R/S analysis. According to the observation that the energy fraction of AE signals in G1 scale changed regularly with the increasing impeller speeds, a method to determine the flooding/loading transition was presented. The critical speed that represents the regime transition, Nf, was associated with the emergence of steady state in AE energy fractions in G1 scale. Through experiments taken out under different conditions (flow rate, static liquid height and impeller fixed height), AE method based on multi-scale analysis was proved to show adequate sensibility and feasibility in the range of experimental conditions analyzed. By comparing experimental results from AE measurement with that from visual and power draw methods, we found that the average relative errors of AE method were no more than 2.62 % and 1.38%, respectively. It is concluded that multi-scale analysis of AE signals is a feasible means for determining the flooding/loading transition and have the merit of being sensitive, non-intrusive and accurate.
	TO cite this article:REN Congjing,ZHOU Yefeng,WANG Jingdai, et al. Determination of Flooding/Loading Transition Using Acoustic Emission Method[OL].[ 9 January 2013] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4512864


	5. Correlation of solubility and Prediction of the Mixing Properties of Ginsenoside Compound K in various solvents
	LI Runyan,YAN Hao,WANG Zhao,GONG Junbo
	Chemical Engineering 25 July 2012
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	Abstract:The solubilities of ginsenoside compound K in pure solvents and binary mixture solvents were determined at several temperatures from 278.15 K to 318.15 K by a static analytical method. The experimental solubility data in pure solvents were correlated by the van't Hoff plot, modified Apelblat equation, λh (Buchowski) equation, Wilson model and NRTL model, with the Wilson model giving the best correlation results. Based on the Wilson model and experimental data, the mixing Gibbs free energies, enthalpies and entropies of solutions and activity coefficients in pure solvents were predicted, and other thermodynamic properties (infinite-dilution activity coefficients and excess enthalpies) were calculated as well. In addition, the solubility was maximal at a certain water mole fraction in acetone + water mixture and acetonitrile + water mixture, whereas in methanol + water system, the solubility decreases with the water concentration increases monotonically. The solubilities in mixture solvents were correlated by the components of solvent using Wilson model. The partial molar Gibbs free energies with negative values were obtained, which indicates the changing of the solubility.
	TO cite this article:LI Runyan,YAN Hao,WANG Zhao, et al. Correlation of solubility and Prediction of the Mixing Properties of Ginsenoside Compound K in various solvents[OL].[25 July 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4485546


	6. Correlation of Solubility and Prediction of the Mixing Properties of Capsaicin in Different Pure Solvents
	YAN Hao,WANG Zhao,WANG Jingkang
	Chemical Engineering 25 July 2012
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	Abstract:Using a static analytical model, experimental solubility data were obtained for capsaicin in n-hexane, cyclohexane, carbon disulfide, butyl ether, and isopropyl ether at temperatures ranging from 278.15 K to 323.15 K. The melting temperature and fusion enthalpy of capsaicin were measured using differential scanning calorimetry. The measured solubility data were well correlated by the van't Hoff, modified Apelblat, λh (Buchowski), Wilson, and NRTL models, with the Wilson model showing the best agreement. The activity coefficients of capsaicin and the mixing Gibbs free energies, enthalpies, and entropies of the resulting solutions were predicted based on the Wilson model parameters at measured solubility points. In addition, the infinite-dilution activity coefficients and excess enthalpies of capsaicin were estimated. Finally, the effects of solute-solvent intermolecular repulsive interactions on the solubility behavior and the values of mixing Gibbs free energy were discussed.
	TO cite this article:YAN Hao,WANG Zhao,WANG Jingkang. Correlation of Solubility and Prediction of the Mixing Properties of Capsaicin in Different Pure Solvents[OL].[25 July 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4485567


	7. Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations on the Mechanism of Micellar Drug Loading Process
	GUO Xindong,QIAN Yu,ZHANG Canyang,NIE Shuyu,ZHANG Lijuan
	Chemical Engineering 12 July 2012
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	Abstract:The entrapment efficiency of a drug into self-assembled polymeric micelles is commonly found to be extremely low. Drug diffusion into the core of micelles is an important process that affects the micelle loading capacity and efficiency of hydrophobic drugs. Herein, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations are carried out to study the drug diffusion abilities into the core of micelles after the core-shell structure of micelle is formed, which is the key issue that affects drug laoding efficiencies. Topological structures of drug, hydrophobic block length of polymer, as well as the compatibility between the drug and the hydrophobic block have significant effects on drug loading efficiencies and drug distributions inside micelles. Especially the interaction parameter of 10 rc results in 100% drug loading efficiency and very homogeneous distribution of drug molecules in the core of micelles. We also provide insights into the relationship between drug loading efficiency and micelle stability, which can facilitate the development of stable drug loaded micelles. The present study provides a mechanism study of micellar drug loading on microscale level, which may provide ideas for future experimental preparation of stable drug loaded micelles with high drug loading efficiencies.
	TO cite this article:GUO Xindong,QIAN Yu,ZHANG Canyang, et al. Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations on the Mechanism of Micellar Drug Loading Process[OL].[12 July 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4484550


	8. BaF2: NaxAlyFx+3y/TiO2 composite as a novel visible-light-driven photocatalyst based on upconversion emission
	LIU Enzhou,FAN Jun,HU Xiaoyun,HOU Wenqian,DAI Hongzhe
	Chemical Engineering 18 June 2012
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	Abstract:A rare-earth free upconversion luminescence agent, BaF2: NaxAlyFx+3y (0.3＜x＜0.5, 0＜y＜0.1), was synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The fluorescence spectrum studies indicated that it could transform visible light (550-610 nm) into ultraviolet light (290-350 nm), and two emission peaks at 304 and 324 nm were observed under the excitation of 583 nm at the room temperature. Subsequently, BaF2: NaxAlyFx+3y/TiO2 composite photocatalyst was prepared and its catalytic activity was evaluated by the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 under visible light irradiation (λ＞515 nm). The results showed that BaF2: NaxAlyFx+3y/TiO2 was an effective photocatalyst for CO2 reduction than pure TiO2, the corresponding methanol yields were 179 and 0 μmol/g-cat under the same conditions. Additionally, the mechanism of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 on BaF2: NaxAlyFx+3y/TiO2 was proposed.
	TO cite this article:LIU Enzhou,FAN Jun,HU Xiaoyun, et al. BaF2: NaxAlyFx+3y/TiO2 composite as a novel visible-light-driven photocatalyst based on upconversion emission[OL].[18 June 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4482567


	9. An oxidoreduction potential shift control strategy for high purity propionic acid production by Propionibacterium freudenreichii CCTCC M207015 with glycerol as sole carbon source
	CHEN Fei,FENG Xiaohai,LIANG Jinfeng,XU Hong
	Chemical Engineering 04 June 2012
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	Abstract:The effects of oxidoreduction potential (ORP) regulation on the process of propionic acid production by Propionibacterium freudenreichii CCTCC M207015 have been investigated. Potassium ferricyanide and sodium borohydride were to determine as ORP control agents in serum bottle. In batch fermentation, cell growth, propionic acid and by-products distribution were changed with ORP levels in the range of 0 to 160 mV. Based on these analysis results, an ORP-shift control strategy was proposed: At first 156 h, ORP was controlled at 120 mV to obtain higher cell growth rate and propionic acid formation rate, then it was shifted to 80 mV after 156 h to maintain the higher propionic acid formation rate. By applying this ORP-shift control strategy, the optimal parameters were obtained as follows: the propionic acid concentration 45.99 g/L, productivity 0.192 g/L/h, the proportion of propionic acid to total organic acids 92.26% (w/w) and glycerol conversion efficiency 76.65%. The mechanism of ORP regulation was discussed by the ratio of NADH/NAD and ATP levels. The results suggest that it is possible to redistribute metabolic fluxes by the ORP-shift control strategy, and the strategy could provide a simple and efficient tool to realize high purity propionic acid production using glycerol.
	TO cite this article:CHEN Fei,FENG Xiaohai,LIANG Jinfeng, et al. An oxidoreduction potential shift control strategy for high purity propionic acid production by Propionibacterium freudenreichii CCTCC M207015 with glycerol as sole carbon source[J].


	10. Extraction of Polyphenolic Antioxidants from Green Tea by Ultrahigh Pressure Technique
	XI Jun
	Chemical Engineering 08 May 2012
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	Abstract:A new extraction technique, ultrahigh pressure extraction, was used to obtain antioxidants from green tea. The response surface methodology was employed to optimize the extraction process. The effects of ethanol concentration (33.2-66.8 %), pressure (281.8-618.2 MPa) and liquid/solid ratio (11.6-28.4 mL/g) on the total phenolic content and DPPH free radical scavenging activity were investigated. ANOVA showed that second order polynomial models produced a satisfactory fitting of the experimental data with regard to total phenolic content (R2 = 0.9996, P<0.0001) and antioxidant capacity (R2 = 0.9986, P<0.0001). The optimal condition determined was as follows: ethanol concentration 50%, pressure 490 MPa and liquid/solid ratio 20 mL/g. Under this condition, the maximum total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of 583.8±0.9 mg/g DW and 85.6±0.7% could be achieved, respectively, which were well matched with the predicted value.
	TO cite this article:XI Jun. Extraction of Polyphenolic Antioxidants from Green Tea by Ultrahigh Pressure Technique[OL].[ 8 May 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4477883

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