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	1. Improve on recovery of the recombinant human stem cell factor inclusion body in refolding with simultaneous purification process for large-scale
	Lili Wang,Chaozhan Wang ,Jiangfeng Liu,Xindu Geng
	Biology 06 March 2008
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	Abstract: Recombinant expressed human stem cell factor (rhSCF) as cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IB) are reported. In present work, to increase mass recovery of rhSCF production in large scale, the factors affecting about efficiency of rhSCF IB were recovered and solubilised in urea solution, and refolding with simultaneous purification process using protein folding liquid chromatography (PFLC) were investigated, including normal chromatographic column, the unit for the simultaneous renaturation and purification of proteins (USRPP). Finally, by combining the optimized buffer and USRPP, we were able to obtain 22 mg rhSCF with >95% purity.The mass recovery is 24 % for dilution, 38 % for the normal chromatographic column, 49 % for the USRPP. An average specific bioactivity is 4.27 ×105 IU/mg, 6.9×105 IU/mg, and 1.28×106 IU/mg, respectively. These protocol dates and new refolding with purification method -USRPP provide a cost effective and an efficient way to produce quantities of high purity rhSCF in large-scale.
	TO cite this article:Lili Wang,Chaozhan Wang ,Jiangfeng Liu, et al. Improve on recovery of the recombinant human stem cell factor inclusion body in refolding with simultaneous purification process for large-scale[OL].[ 6 March 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/19103


	2. Study on the Mechanism of the BtuF Periplasmic-binding Protein for Vitamin B12
	Liu Ming,Sun TingGuang,Hu JianPing,Chen WeiZu,Wang CunXin
	Biology 05 March 2008
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	Abstract:BtuF is the periplasmic binding protein (PBP) that binds vitamin B12 and delivers it to the periplasmic surface of the ABC transporter BtuCD. PBPs generally exhibit considerable conformational changes during ligand binding process, however, BtuF belongs to a subclass of PBPs that, doesn’t show such behavior on the basis of the crystal structures. Employing steered molecular dynamics on the B12-bound BtuF, we investigated the energetics and mechanism of BtuF. A potential of mean force along the postulated vitamin B12 unbinding pathway was constructed through Jarzynski’s equality. The large free energy differences of the postulated B12 unbinding process suggests the B12-bound structure is in a stable closed state and some conformation changes may be necessary to the B12 unbinding. From the result of the principal component analysis, we found the BtuF-B12 complex shows clear opening-closing and twisting motion tendencies which may facilitate the unbinding of B12 from the binding pocket. The intrinsic flexibility of BtuF was also explored, and it’s suggested the Trp44-Gln45 pair, which is situated at the mouth of the B12 binding pocket, may act as a gate in the B12 binding and unbinding process.
	TO cite this article:Liu Ming,Sun TingGuang,Hu JianPing, et al. Study on the Mechanism of the BtuF Periplasmic-binding Protein for Vitamin B12[OL].[ 5 March 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/19051

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	3. Study on topological properties of weighted conformation space using complex network
	Lai Zaizhi,Ji Guo SU,Wei Zu CHEN,Cun Xin WANG
	Biology 03 March 2008
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	Abstract:The conformation space generated by a short two-dimensional lattice chain is mapped to a network. The conformations are the vertices of the network and the transitions between them are links. It has been found that this network has the “small-world” properties without considering the interaction energy of the monomer. To illustrate the influence of the interaction energy on the property of the conformation space network, the hydrophobic-polar lattice model was adopted and a method of weighting was proposed to study this network. When the weight based on the interaction energy of the monomer is added to the network, it is found that the weighted network shows the “scale-free” property. The result indicates that the weight is important for the topology of the conformation space network.
	TO cite this article:Lai Zaizhi,Ji Guo SU,Wei Zu CHEN, et al. Study on topological properties of weighted conformation space using complex network [OL].[ 3 March 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/18961


	4. Molecular cloning and characterization of LeEBF1 and LeEBF2 from tomato
	Long Jiaoyue,Hu Zongli,Chen Xuqing,Yan Bo,Chen Guoping
	Biology 21 February 2008
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	Abstract:Two full-length cDNAs of LeEBF1 and LeEBF2 were cloned from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) by RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). They were 2866 and 2891 bp, with open reading frame (ORF) of 1911 bp and 1995 bp, encoding 637 and 665 amino acids, respectively. Putative LeEBF1 and LeEBF2 proteins, each containing a well-conserved F-box motif in the amino terminus and 14 tandem leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) in the carboxyl terminus, shared 58.6% of identity with each other. Identities with other species EBF proteins within F box motif ranged from 24.4% to 73.2%. RNA gel blot analysis results indicated that the expression levels of LeEBF1 and LeEBF2 in young leaves were higher than those in mature leaves of wild type and Nr. During the development of fruits, LeEBF1 and LeEBF2 expressed relatively weaker at IMG stage than at other stages experimented. Collectively, LeEBF1 and LeEBF2 may play an important role in leaf and fruit development of tomato.
	TO cite this article:Long Jiaoyue,Hu Zongli,Chen Xuqing, et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of LeEBF1 and LeEBF2 from tomato[OL].[21 February 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/18766


	5. Allicin-Induced Apoptosis in EL-4 Murine T-lytuphocytes in Vitro
	Zhiheng Cao ,Ziren Wang
	Biology 02 February 2008
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	Abstract:Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate anti-proliferative and pro-Apoptotic activities of allicin—a plant derived organics sulfur compounds (OSC) in murine T-lymphocytes (EL-4) and try to determine its molecular mechanism of inducing apoptosis. Methods: Trypan blue dye exclusion method was used to determine cells concentration, the apoptotic rate and morphologic alteration of nuclei were measured by Hoechst 33258 fluorescent dye. DNA spallation was determined by using TUNEL kit. Protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, cythrome C, Caspase-3, -12 were detected by Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Fluorescent microscope was used to determine the change of mitchrodria membrane potential (MMP). Result: Allicin is effective in inhibiting the proliferation of EL-4 cells in vitro in concentration-dependent manner, induces the formation of apoptotic bodies, nuclear condendensation, DNA spallation, and it even activates the expression of caspase-3, -12, cytochrome C, upregulates the ratio of the heterodimer Bax-Bcl-2 and induces MMP decrease. Conclusions: Allicin may induce apioptosis in EL-4 cells with a time- and concentration-dependent manner, in which the mitochnodria pathway may play a central role.
	TO cite this article:Zhiheng Cao ,Ziren Wang. Allicin-Induced Apoptosis in EL-4 Murine T-lytuphocytes in Vitro[OL].[ 2 February 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/18573


	6. Loading Trehalose into Red Blood Cells by Improved Hypotonic Method
	Zhou Xinli,He Hui,Liu Bqolin,Hua ZeZhao
	Biology 31 January 2008
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	Abstract:As a first step toward RBCs long-term preservation by freeze-drying, we present an improved hypotonic method for loading RBCs with trehalose. The method is based on the osmotic pressure difference and concentration difference between the inside and the outside of the RBCs. The RBCs are dehydrated in hypertonic glucose solutions to increase the osmotic pressure inside the cells, and then incubated in hypotonic trehalose solutions to allow trehalose to enter into RBCs. The data showed that trehalose uptake by RBCs increased with osmotic pressure difference across the cell membrane, 43.2mM intracellular trehalose was observed when osmotic pressure difference reached 1369.8mOsm/L. Hematology analysis indicated that RBCs shrank in hypertonic glucose solution and swelled in hypotonic trehalose solution, resulting in a few release of cytoplasmic hemoglobin. The level of ATP in trehalose-loaded RBCs recovered to normal value after 4h incubation. Osmotic fragility data showed that trehalose-loaded RBCs are osmotically stable after dehydration and loading processes.
	TO cite this article:Zhou Xinli,He Hui,Liu Bqolin, et al. Loading Trehalose into Red Blood Cells by Improved Hypotonic Method[OL].[31 January 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/18527


	7. Mitochondrial partial DNA sequences analysis of the Chi-lin fish from Tai Mountain: implication for its systematics and evolution
	Xiaojuan Qu,Bosheng Zhao,Yuan Wang
	Biology 18 January 2008
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	Abstract:Mitochondrial 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, cytochrome b, ATP synthase 8 and 6 gene fragments of Chi-lin fish from Tai Mountain were amplified by PCR, the products were purified and sequenced. The sequences and characters of the multiple genes of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were analyzed by MEGA 3.1. The results showed that all of the multiple genes were A-rich; the base compositions of the protein-coding genes were globally G-deficient, especially in the third position. Interestingly, transitions of protein-coding genes were major in the substitution, and largely concentrated in the third position, too. All molecular phylogenetic trees revealed that Chi-lin fish did not belong to genus Varicorhinus, against the former morphological data. And it was comparatively closer to genus Spinibarbus and Barbus. The Cyt b sequence analysis suggested that the divergence time of Chi-lin fish was about 16.0 Mya (million years old) when Tai Mountain was just in Middle Miocene and suffered the aftereffect of Yan Shanian movement. It inferred that the vicariance events were the primary momentum to promote forming the limited distributing of the present.
	TO cite this article:Xiaojuan Qu,Bosheng Zhao,Yuan Wang. Mitochondrial partial DNA sequences analysis of the Chi-lin fish from Tai Mountain: implication for its systematics and evolution[OL].[18 January 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/18195


	8. Seed Dispersal Modes of the Alpine Meadow Vegetation on the Eastern of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
	Du GuoZhen ,Wang Mantang
	Biology 09 January 2008
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	Abstract:This study focused on the dispersal spectra of the flora of eastern of Qinghai-Tibet plateau. One hundred and forty six herbaceous plant species at the first turn of Yellow River on the eastern of Qinghai-Tibet plateau were included. Dispersal modes were determined by the morphologies of dispersion units, and an extensive literature review. The dispersal spectrum was constructed with species counts and cover. Autochory was the most important seed dispersal mode. The wind dispersed species in the lower stratum were more than those in the upper stratum. The percentage of autochorous species with clonal growth was higher than that of autochorous species without clonal growth, but the percentage of anemochorous species with clonal growth was lower than that of anemochorous species without clonal growth. Our results showed the dispersal spectrum of the alpine meadow was influenced by specific environmental circumstances and floristic composition, and was greatly different from other vegetations’ spectra.
	TO cite this article:Du GuoZhen ,Wang Mantang. Seed Dispersal Modes of the Alpine Meadow Vegetation on the Eastern of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[OL].[ 9 January 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/17898


	9. Germination strategies of Ligularia virgaurea in the alpine meadow on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau
	Du GuoZhen ,Wang Mantang,He Yanlong
	Biology 09 January 2008
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	Abstract:Ligularia virgaurea widely distributes in the alpine meadows on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau. We studied effects of temperatures, light and seed storage length on germination by laboratory experiments, effects of seed mass and light on emergence by pot experiments and the patterns of emergence in different levels of disturbed meadows by field experiments to investigate the germination and emergence strategies of this species. Seeds of L. virgaurea had no endogenous dormancy and germinated at wide temperatures comparable to those in its typical environments (5:15, 10:20 and 18:28 ℃), both in a 12h dark: 12h light photoperiod and in complete darkness. The emergence percentage of large seeds (78.1%) was higher than that of small seeds (59.1%). Survival of seedlings from large seeds was higher than from small seeds and mean emergence time of small seeds was longer than that of large seeds under 75% and 50% of natural irradiance. Large seeds of L. virgaurea were more successful colonization in the alpine environments. The recruitment of L. virgaurea was higher in degenerated meadows (20.49%) than in non-degenerated meadows (3.96%). These results suggested that seeds of L. virgaurea could germinate in both degenerated meadows and non-degenerated meadows but seed emergence and seedling establishment were higher in the disturbed sites, which meant degradation of meadows facilitates recruitment and establishment of L. virgaurea
	TO cite this article:Du GuoZhen ,Wang Mantang,He Yanlong. Germination strategies of Ligularia virgaurea in the alpine meadow on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau[OL].[ 9 January 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/17881


	10. Contribution of glycerol on production of poly(γ-glutamic acid) in Bacillus subtilis NX-2
	Qun Wu,Hong Xu,Jinfeng Liang,Yaoi Jun
	Biology 04 January 2008
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	Abstract:nGlycerol would stimulate the production of poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) and decrease its molecular weight in B. subtilis NX-2. The yield of γ-PGA increased from 26.7 to 31.7 g/l when 20 g/l glycerol was added in medium, and the molecular weight of γ-PGA could be regulated between 2.43×106 and 1.42×106 Da with glycerol concentration ranging from 0 to 60 g/l. The effect of glycerol on molecular weight of γ-PGA had never been reported, and it would be developed to be an approach for the regulation of microbial γ-PGA chain length
	TO cite this article:Qun Wu,Hong Xu,Jinfeng Liang, et al. Contribution of glycerol on production of poly(γ-glutamic acid) in Bacillus subtilis NX-2[OL].[ 4 January 2008] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/17735

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