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	1. Transcription analysis of rice under nitrogen starvation
	CAI Hongmei,LU Yongen,LIAN Xingming
	Biology 08 March 2012
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	Abstract:Nitrogen is an essential mineral nutrient required for plant growth and development. Insufficient nitrogen (N) supply triggers extensive physiological and biochemical changes in plants. In this study, we used Affymetrix GeneChip rice genome arrays to analyze the dynamics of rice transcriptome under N starvation. N starvation induced or suppressed transcription of 3,518 genes, representing 10.88% of the genome. These changes, mostly transient, affected various cellular metabolic pathways, including stress response, primary and secondary metabolism, molecular transport, regulatory process and organismal development. 462 or 13.1% transcripts for N starvation expressed similarly in root and shoot. Comparative analysis between rice and Arabidopsis identified 73 orthologous groups that responded to N starvation, demonstrated the existence of conserved N stress coupling mechanism among plants.
	TO cite this article:CAI Hongmei,LU Yongen,LIAN Xingming. Transcription analysis of rice under nitrogen starvation[OL].[ 8 March 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4470665


	2. Vacuolar ATPase subunit H is essential for the survival and molting of Locusta migratoria manilensis
	Li Chen,Xia Yuxian
	Biology 27 February 2012
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	Abstract:Vacuolar (H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) functions as an electrogenic pump, transporting protons from the cytoplasm to the extracellular fluid to generate cell-negative membrane voltage. The V-ATPase subunit H, encoded by Vhasfd, is required for the V-ATPase activity. In this study, the gene encoding V-ATPase subunit H from Locusta migratoria manilensis was cloned, and designated as Lm-Vhasfd. The complete cDNA sequence is 2018 bp, with an open reading frame encoding 515 amino acid residues. Semi-quantitative PCR showed that Lm-Vhasfd transcription is high in hemolymph, midgut, trunk and leg, but relatively low in fat body and head tissues. Injection with a specific double strand RNA (dsRNA) led to a significant decrease in Lm-Vhasfd mRNA, V-ATPase enzyme activity and ATP concentration. Bioassays showed that silencing Lm-Vhasfd led to the death of individuals and various molting defects. The accumulative mortality of the RNAi mutant 11 days post-injection was 96.7%, conspicuously higher than that seen in wild type. These RNAi phenotypes demonstrate that Lm-Vhasfd is essential for the growth and molting of L. migratoria manilensis.
	TO cite this article:Li Chen,Xia Yuxian. Vacuolar ATPase subunit H is essential for the survival and molting of Locusta migratoria manilensis[OL].[27 February 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4468407

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	3. Research of the Chlorella vulgaris viruses
	LIANG Ying,FENG Junli,ZHANG Yuchuan,XU Fangjiao,WANG Chunlan,CHEN Jishuang
	Biology 24 February 2012
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	Abstract:Microalgae are a promising alternative source of lipid for biodiesel production. While most of the study focus on choosing right algal species with high lipid content, few is known about the viruses that infect microalgae and the influence of viral infection on yield lipid productivity. In this paper, 9-10 viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) bands were extracted from a laboratory-cultured Chlorella vulgaris, and then partial of these bands were analyzed using M-SPAT and high-throughput sequencing technology. By analyzing the results, we found a RNA virus sequence encoded the core shell protein belonged to Reovirus, a RNA virus sequence encoded RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) belonged to Cryptovirus, and two DNA virus sequences encoded hypothetical proteins belonged to the Organic Lake phycodnavirus and the Cafeteria roenbergensis virus, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the Chlorella vulgaris species were infected by two dsRNA viruses and two dsDNA viruses simultaneously.
	TO cite this article:LIANG Ying,FENG Junli,ZHANG Yuchuan, et al. Research of the Chlorella vulgaris viruses[OL].[24 February 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4465221


	4. Two novel antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of the frog, Rana nigrovittata
	Liu Xiuhong,Liu Rui,Wei Lin,Yang Hailong,Zhang Keyun,Liu Jingze,Lai Ren
	Biology 21 February 2012
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	Abstract:Two novel antimicrobial peptides with similarity to brevinin-2 family are purified and characterized from the skin secretions of the frog, Rana nigrovittata. Their amino acid sequences were determined as GAFGNFLKGVAKKAGLKILSIAQCKLSGTC (brevinin-2-RN1) and GAFGNFLKGVAKKAGLKILSIAQCKLFGTC (brevinin-2-RN2), respectively, by Edman degradation. Different from brevinin-2,which is composed of 33 amino acid residues (aa), both brevinin-2-RN1 and -RN2 contain 30 aa. Five cDNA sequences (Genbank accession numbers, EU136465-9) encoding precursors of brevinin-2-RN1 and -RN2 were screened from the skin cDNA library of R. nigrovittata. These precursors are composed of 72 aa including a predicted signal peptide, an acidic spacer peptide, and a mature brevinin-2-RN. Both brevinin-2-RN1 and -RN2 showed strong antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The current work identified and characterized two novel antimicrobial peptides with unique primary structure.
	TO cite this article:Liu Xiuhong,Liu Rui,Wei Lin, et al. Two novel antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of the frog, Rana nigrovittata[OL].[21 February 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4465356


	5. A tripartite dsRNA virus infecting Raphanus sativas which represents a new taxon of Chrysoviridae
	LIU Jianning,LI Liqiang,XU Aixia,WANG Ting,ZHU Xiwu,CHEN Jishuang
	Biology 16 February 2012
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	Abstract:The family Chrysoviridae consists of a single genus chrysovirus infecting fungi. Its genome comprises four monocistronic dsRNAs with the largest dsRNA encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and the other three encoding coat protein, putative protease and a protein with unknown function respectively. In recent years, more and more genome segments-various tentative chrysoviruses have been reported in fungi. In this study, we report a plant tripartite chrysovirus infecting Raphanus sativus. Its entire genome was determined used the modified single primer amplification technique. Sequence analysis revealed that the virus genome is comprised of three dsRNA segments with the sizes of 3638, 3517 and 3299 bp respectively. Each dsRNA segments has a unique sequence and contains a single major open reading frame. In silico analysis revealed that the largest dsRNA encodes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and the other two encode coat protein and putative protease, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis of all available chrysoviruses revealed that RasCV1 together with AmaCV formed a new taxon infecting plants, which is closely related to representative chrysoviruses infecting fungi. In addition, the variety of the chrysovirus genome organization is discussed.
	TO cite this article:LIU Jianning,LI Liqiang,XU Aixia, et al. A tripartite dsRNA virus infecting Raphanus sativas which represents a new taxon of Chrysoviridae[OL].[16 February 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4466779


	6. Decay of Carbon-14 into Nitrogen-14 Plays a Key Role on the Origin and Evolution of Life
	SHAO Minghua
	Biology 29 December 2011
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	Abstract:Through the beta decay, the carbon-14 in organic molecules was decayed into nitrogen-14. It is the key factor for the generation of nucleotides in the RNA during the origin of life. The decay is common as well in the DNA and RNA of life. It's one of the important origin for life gene mutations. And it's also one of the inner dynamic mechanism of life evolution. The factors controlling the carbon-14 concentration have impact on the life evolution indirectly.
	TO cite this article:SHAO Minghua. Decay of Carbon-14 into Nitrogen-14 Plays a Key Role on the Origin and Evolution of Life[OL].[29 December 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4457839


	7. Molecular structure and characterization of the cytokine LIGHT and its receptor LTβR in goat (Capra hircus)
	XU Xingzhou,JI Xuemei,YANG Lin,LIU Xia,ZHANG Shuangquan
	Biology 27 December 2011
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	Abstract:Tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNF) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily(TNRF) play important roles in the many biological processes, including host defence, autioimmunity, organogenesis, inflammation and apoptosis. LIGHT, a member of TNF and its receptor LTβR were identified in goat (Capra hircus). Bioinformatics analysis were conducted to describe genes structure, funcation, evolutionary relationships, predicted three-dimensional structures and predicted binding sites of them. Real-time quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) analysis revealed that both LIGHT and LTβR are constitutively expressed in various tissues in goat.
	TO cite this article:XU Xingzhou,JI Xuemei,YANG Lin, et al. Molecular structure and characterization of the cytokine LIGHT and its receptor LTβR in goat (Capra hircus)[OL].[27 December 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4457857


	8. A Signal Peptide Library for Bacillus subtilis and its Application for Secretion of a Thermostable β-Galactosidase
	GONG Zifeng,XIA Yu
	Biology 05 December 2011
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	Abstract:β-Galactosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of lactose and is widely used in dairy processing. The thermostable β-galactosidase obtained from Geobacillus stearothermophilus has several advantages and it has potential applications in the dairy industry. In this work, this enzyme was secreted by Bacillus subtilis using the general secretion (Sec) pathway. A signal peptide library was constructed with 20 selected signal peptide coding sequences, and it was used for probing the secretory capacity of the thermostable β-galactosidase in Bacillus subtilis 168. In the 20 recombinants constructed, expression of the target enzyme was observed in 4 plasmids carrying the signal peptide coding sequences from Bacillus subtilis AmyX, NprE, OppA and YweA, respectively. The target enzyme fused with N-terminal signal peptide from NprE achieved extracellular secretion at a level of 64.0 IU/mL, which accounts for 29.6% of the total target enyzme synthesized. This is the first report of the thermostable β-galactosidase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus by a Sec signal peptide in Bacillus subtilis. The results indicated the applicability of the signal peptide library constructed. Yet the low secretion capacity of the target enzyme also suggested that, in dealing with such kind of substrate, the Sec pathway might have no advantage over the twin-arginine translocation pathway.
	TO cite this article:GONG Zifeng,XIA Yu. A Signal Peptide Library for Bacillus subtilis and its Application for Secretion of a Thermostable β-Galactosidase[OL].[ 5 December 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4453161


	9. Cloning, characterization and expression analysis of calmodulin gene from Alexandrium catenella (Dinoflagellate) with respect to cell growth and heat stress
	WEN Ruobing,SUI Zhenghong
	Biology 01 June 2011
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	Abstract:In this paper, calmodulin gene of the HAB species Alexandrium catenella was isolated, and its transcription profile with respect to grow rate and heat stress was investigated. A full cDNA sequence of cam gene was obtained. It consisted of 597 nucleotides (nt), comprising 25 nt of the 5′ untranslated region (UTR), 122 nt of the 3′ UTR, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 450 nt, encoding 149 amino acid residues. The deduced CaM was highly conserved compared with CaM of other organisms. By implementing quantitative PCR, the relationship between transcription level of cam and growth rate of Alexandrium catenella was investigated. The results showed that cam expression level had a similar trend with the cell growth rate through the whole growing stage. The cam transcription was increased more than 8 fold in abundance from lag phase to the exponential phase, and obviously decreased from exponential phase to stationary/decline phase. Additionally, response of cam gene to heat stress was studied. Relative expression level of cam exhibited a significant decline trend with time during the heat shock experiment. All the results suggested that cam play an important role within process that the cells response to environmental stress and growth.
	TO cite this article:WEN Ruobing,SUI Zhenghong. Cloning, characterization and expression analysis of calmodulin gene from Alexandrium catenella (Dinoflagellate) with respect to cell growth and heat stress[OL].[ 1 June 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4430812


	10. Identification of representative genes of the central nervous system of the locust Locusta migratoria manilensis by deep sequencing
	Zhang Zhengyi ,Xia Yuxian
	Biology 12 April 2011
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	Abstract:The shortage of available genomic and transcriptomic data hampers the molecular study on the locust central nervous system (CNS). Here, locust CNS RNA was sequenced by deep sequencing; 41,179 unigenes were obtained with an average length of 570 bp, and 5,519 unigenes were longer than 1,000 bp. A total of 15,895 unigenes were identified, including 644 nervous system relevant unigenes. Among the 25,284 unknown unigenes, 9,482 were found to be specific to CNS by filtering out the previous ESTs acquired from locust organs without CNS. The locust CNS showed the most matches (18%) with Tribolium castaneum sequences. Comprehensive assessment reveals that the database generated in this study is broadly representative of the CNS of adult locust, providing comprehensive gene information at the transcriptional level that could facilitate our research of the locust CNS, including various physiological aspects and pesticide target finding.
	TO cite this article:Zhang Zhengyi ,Xia Yuxian . Identification of representative genes of the central nervous system of the locust Locusta migratoria manilensis by deep sequencing[OL].[12 April 2011] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4421615

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