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	1. Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance pattern of dominant Staphylococcus aureus clonal lineages in China
	SONG Minghui,LI Qiongqiong,ZHANG Yi,SONG Jinxia,SHI Chunlei,SHI Xianming
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 19 May 2016
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	Abstract:Biofilm formation usually increases antimicrobial resistance capacity of Staphylococcus aureus, which poses considerable challenges to successful eradication of staphylococcal infections. In this study, a panel of 84 different S. aureus isolates belonging to 10 dominant clonal lineages in China were characterized according to their biofilm-forming capacity, and antibiotic resistance pattern. It was shown that isolates of different clonal lineages had obvious variations in biofilm-forming capacity. Resistance to individual antibacterial agents was most frequently observed to erythromycin (72.6%) and azithromycin (72.6%). Oxacillin-resistant was found in 25 (29.8%) isolates belonging to CC239-agr I and CC5-agr II. All tested isolates were further screened for the presence of 16 resistance genes by PCR, and no significant correlation was found between clonal lineage and the distribution of resistance genes. Overall, our results indicate that biofilm producers of S. aureus have a greater likelihood to carry more antibiotic resistance genes than non-biofilm producers (p<0.01).
	TO cite this article:SONG Minghui,LI Qiongqiong,ZHANG Yi, et al. Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance pattern of dominant Staphylococcus aureus clonal lineages in China[OL].[19 May 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4691292


	2. Preventive Effects of Green Tea on Colorectal Cancer: Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Study
	Fei-Fei Guo,Yulin Kong,Bing-Yan Li,Li-Qiang Qin,CL Fu,Zeng-Li Zhang
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 14 April 2016
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	Abstract:Green tea possibly elicits protective effects against colorectal cancer. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to evaluate whether green tea has a preventive effect against colorectal cancer. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed. Prospective cohort studies that reported risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of colorectal cancer risk of green tea consumption were included. Either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model was used to calculate pooled effects. Combined relative risk (RR) ratios for the highest vs. lowest were calculated. The combined RR derived from 10 cohort studies was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.78-1.00; p<0.001), which show that green tea consumption decreased the risk of colorectal cancer. Subgroup analysis suggested that green tea consumption significantly decreased the risk of colorectal cancer in women(RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72-0.99). In summary, green tea consumption has favorable effects on colorectal cancer, especially in women. However, the result should be interpreted with caution because of the evidence of heterogeneity.
	TO cite this article:Fei-Fei Guo,Yulin Kong,Bing-Yan Li, et al. Preventive Effects of Green Tea on Colorectal Cancer: Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Study[OL].[14 April 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4683985

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	3. THE RAS/PI3K PATHWAY IS INVOLVED IN THE IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-TERM POTENTIATION INDUCED BY ACUTE ALUMINUM TREATMENT IN RATS
	Song Jing,Liu Ying,Zhang Huifang,Niu Qiao
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 22 January 2016
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	Abstract:The RAS/PI3K signal transduction pathway appears to be involved in the mechanisms of AMPA receptor trafficking and long-term potentiation (LTP). Our previous study in rats showed that acute aluminum treatment suppressed hippocampal LTP in vivo, and this suppression may be related to the decreased trafficking of AMPA receptor subunits. In the present study, we investigated RAS activity in the rat hippocampus after an acute aluminum exposure, and the antagonism of the aluminum-induced suppression of hippocampal LTP by the RAS activator EGF, and the effects of Al and EGF on PKB activity and the phosphorylation of GluR1 S831 and S845. First, acute aluminum exposure by intracerebroventricular injection with an aluminum-maltolate complex (Al(mal)3) produced a dose-dependent decrease in RAS activity in the rat hippocampus. Second, the alumimun-induced early suppression of hippocampal LTP was antagonized by the RAS activator EGF. Finally, EGF treatment produced changes similar to those observed for LTP on PKB activity as well as the phosphorylation of GluR1 S831 and S845. The results suggest that a RAS→PI3K/PKB→GluR1 S831 and S845 signal transduction pathway may be involved in the inhibition of hippocampal LTP by aluminum exposure in rats. However, the mechanisms underlying this observation need further investigation.
	TO cite this article:Song Jing,Liu Ying,Zhang Huifang, et al. THE RAS/PI3K PATHWAY IS INVOLVED IN THE IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-TERM POTENTIATION INDUCED BY ACUTE ALUMINUM TREATMENT IN RATS[OL].[22 January 2016] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4676025


	4. Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Hypothyroidism
	TAN Long,WANG Wenqiang,LIU Shengmei,CHEN Wen,TANG Caiyun,ZHANG Qi,TIAN Xiaoxiao,SANG Zhongna,SHEN Jun,ZHANG Wanqi
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 09 December 2015
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	Abstract:In this paper, we conducted a case control-based genetic screening of 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci in five genes including thyroglobulin (TG),thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) and solute carrier family member 5 (SLC5A5), with the aim to explore the relationship between the candidate SNPs and the susceptibility to hypothyroidism(HT) in Chinese Han population. A total of 347 hypothyroid patients and 337 healthy individuals were enrolled and the SNP loci were sequenced using Sequenom platform and MassArray technology.Allele association analysis showed rs2741202 and rs3739266 in TG were associated with HT (P = 0.048 and 0.038, respectively). Genotype association analysis showed rs1126799 in TPO and rs2741202 in TG had weak association with HT (P = 0.067 and 0.098, respectively). Logistic regression analysis showed the females were more susceptible to HT than the males (OR = 0.247), and individuals carrying the mutation genotype of TG-rs3739266 (OR = 1.372) were more susceptible to HT than those with the wild genotype. SLC5A5-rs11672428 was associated with FT4 after the adjustment of age and gender (P = 0.003), and TG-rs3739266 was associated with TSH in the females (P = 0.028). These SNP loci may be valuable biomarkers for the screening of the susceptible population.
	TO cite this article:TAN Long,WANG Wenqiang,LIU Shengmei, et al. Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Hypothyroidism[OL].[ 9 December 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4670483


	5. Increased intima-media thickness in rheumatoid arthritis: An update meta-analysis
	Peng Wang,Shi-Yang Guan,Shu-Zhen Xu,Hong-Miao Li,Rui-Xue Leng,Xiang-Pei Li,Hai-Feng Pan
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 18 November 2015
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	Abstract:This study aims to derive a more precise estimation on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) level in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and related factors. Studies published from January 1 1982 to December 31 2014 in English, which comparing CIMT between RA group and control group were searched in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library database. Heterogeneity test was performed, and publication bias was evaluated. Stata software 12.0 was used to perform the Meta-analysis. 2163 articles were obtained after searching databases, and 46 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. The result of analysis in random effect model showed that RA group had significantly higher CIMT than control group, with the SMD(standardized mean difference) of 1.07 and 95%CI (0.84，1.30). To evaluate the stability of our results, sensitivity analyses were performed, and the results showed no significant change when any one study was excluded. Subgroup analyses showed that region, race, age, BMI and disease duration were associated with CIMT in RA patients. In summary, CIMT in RA patients is thicker than healthy controls, and it is influenced by region, race, age, BMI and disease duration.(10 Points, Times New Roman)
	TO cite this article:Peng Wang,Shi-Yang Guan,Shu-Zhen Xu, et al. Increased intima-media thickness in rheumatoid arthritis: An update meta-analysis[OL].[18 November 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4663104


	6. Caspase-3 involved in aluminum-induced impairment of long-term potentiation in rats in vivo through Akt/GSK-3β pathway
	Zhang Huifang,Yang Xiaojuan,Qin Xiujun,Niu Qiao
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 15 September 2015
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	Abstract:Amount of studies have indicated that aluminum exposure could impair learning and memory function in human population and animal models. The ability of Al to inhibit hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) ,which is one of phenomena underlying synaptic plasticity, hints possibility of Al impairing synaptic plasticity. LTP is dependent on the insertion (exocytosis) of AMPA receptors to synaptic membrane, Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway has been demonstrated to mediate AMPAR delivery in the hippocampus and LTP, and a mechanism that caspase-3 can cleave Akt is involved in synaptic plasticity, but the underlying molecular mechanism among them is still not elucidated. To investigate the mechanism of LTP impairment and related signal pathway variations induced by Al exposure, SD rats were randomly distributed into 6 groups and treated intracerebroventricularly injection with Al(mal)3 and caspase-3 inhibitor z-DEVD-fmk at different doses, protein levels of active caspase-3, Akt and GSK-3β were also detected. Al treatment produced dose-dependent suppression of LTP and dose-dependent decreases of AMPAR subunits GluR1 and GluR2 in the membrane extracts and the total extracts. The AMPA receptor proteins were degraded and trafficking of AMPA receptor subunits to synaptic membrane sites during HFS-induced LTP was suppressed. Al administration caused a increased accumulation of active caspase-3 and a gradual decrease of Akt and p-GSK-3β. Interestingly, at the same time z-DEVD-fmk significantly reversed both the Al induced increase of active caspase-3 and suppression of LTP. Furthermore, z-DEVD-fmk also reversed the decrease of the protein content of GluR1 and GluR2 in both the total and membrane- enriched extracts. More importantly, z-DEVD- fmk effectively reversed Al induced decrease of Akt and p-GSK-3β. Taken all the results together, Al depressed LTP and AMPAR contents, while z-DEVD-fmk reversed Al-induced LTP depression, increase of active caspase-3, decrese of AMPAR contents, and decrease of Akt and p-GSK-3β. Our findings clarified the underlying mechanism between Al-induced LTP impairment and related signal pathways, ie. activation of casapse-3 - cleavage of Akt -reduction of phosphorylation of GSK-3β- activation of GSK-3β- internalization of AMPAR - inhibiton of externalization of AMPAR, and finally impairment of LTP.
	TO cite this article:Zhang Huifang,Yang Xiaojuan,Qin Xiujun, et al. Caspase-3 involved in aluminum-induced impairment of long-term potentiation in rats in vivo through Akt/GSK-3β pathway[OL].[15 September 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4654938


	7. Current situation of the development of medical group of our country's understanding and thinking
	Niu huanhuan,Miao zhimin
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 02 April 2015
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	Abstract:In this paper, the organization and development of the hospital group has solved the problems effectively as following: irrational allocation of medical resources, over-concentration of high quality resources and so on.While how to handle and guide the reform orientation of Chinese Medical Group is still a problem to be solved in the process of development of future due to the fact that Chinese Medical Group is established at elementary step. To explore the applicable operational mode, the author makes the regarding recommendations.
	TO cite this article:Niu huanhuan,Miao zhimin. Current situation of the development of medical group of our country's understanding and thinking[OL].[ 2 April 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4636872


	8. Research Progress on Healthy City Index System
	XU Yuan,DING Hui,WEI Renmin
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 25 March 2015
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	Abstract:This article introduced the concept and development of healthy city ,discusses the construction of the evaluation index system ."Healthy City"was introduced to China in 1990s, the nature of which is an organic integration of healthy people, healthy environment and healthy society. Healthy City is a new reform to traditional economic development model and should be an important goal of China's urban growth. It is necessary to build a set of scientific and logical evaluation index sysem for the development of healthy city.
	TO cite this article:XU Yuan,DING Hui,WEI Renmin. Research Progress on Healthy City Index System[OL].[25 March 2015] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4635405


	9. Study on Serum Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Level and Their Metabolic Enzyme Expression in a rat valproate-induced autism model
	ZHAO Gang,GAO Jingquan,LIANG Shuang,WANG Xuelai,SUN Caihong,XIA Wei,LI Xiang,CAO Yonggang,WU Lijie
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 10 December 2014
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	Abstract:To explore whether the drop in the levels of serum polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in patients with autism is associated with their metabolic enzyme, we choose rats with their embryos exposed to sodium valproate (VPA) at the 12.5th embryonic day (E12.5) as the models for autism, and observe the serum PUFAs levels and its liver metabolic enzymes expression such as Δ5-desaturase, Δ6-desaturase and elongase (Elovl2) of VPA rats and rats in a control group on postnatal day 35 (PND35). We found that the serum PUFAs levels and its liver metabolic enzyme expression of VPA rats are significantly lower, and the manifestations are similar to the behavioral changes of autism and abnormal expressions of proteins related to apoptosis and hippocampus neuron injury. This indicates that the rats with embryos exposed to VPA at an early stage may reduce the synthesis of serum PUFAs through the down-regulation of expression of PUFAs metabolic enzyme, so that it induces nervous system injury and behavioral changes. This paper will be helpful to study and explore the causes of autism.
	TO cite this article:ZHAO Gang,GAO Jingquan,LIANG Shuang, et al. Study on Serum Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Level and Their Metabolic Enzyme Expression in a rat valproate-induced autism model[OL].[10 December 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4622840


	10. Effects of Atrazine on the Proliferation and Cytotoxicity of Murine Lymphocytes with the use of Carboxyfluorescein Succinimidyl Ester-based Flow Cytometric Approaches
	Chen Jinyao,Huo Jiao,Jia Zhenchao,Song yang,Li Yan,Zhang Lishi
	Preventive Medicine and Hygienics 14 November 2014
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	Abstract:Atrazine (ATZ) is one of the most commonly applied herbicides worldwide. ATZ has been associated with adverse effects on the immune system; however, the mechanism of its immunotoxicity has not been completely elucidated. In this study, the immunotoxic effects of ATZ on murine splenic lymphocytes and magnetic bead-enriched NK cells were investigated in vitro with the use of carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFDA-SE)-based flow cytometric approaches. Proliferation responses, NK cell activity, and T-cell early activation were determined with CFDA-SE loading, CFDA-SE/propidium iodide (PI) staining, and CD69+ expression, respectively. Cell apoptosis/cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were evaluated using PI, 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and rhodamine 123, respectively. The intracellular expressions of apoptosis-related Bcl-2 and caspase-3 were analyzed through intracellular staining and flow cytometry. Results showed that proliferation and NK cell activity were suppressed by ATZ treatment. Such suppression might be associated with the cell apoptosis induced by increased ROS and declined MMP. The underlying mechanism might be the induced caspase-3 expression and decreased Bcl-2 expression. ATZ could elicit immunotoxic effects on murine lymphocytes; its presence in the environment might compromise immune function in organisms. The flow cytometric methods presented in this study should be further investigated in immunotoxicology.
	TO cite this article:Chen Jinyao,Huo Jiao,Jia Zhenchao, et al. Effects of Atrazine on the Proliferation and Cytotoxicity of Murine Lymphocytes with the use of Carboxyfluorescein Succinimidyl Ester-based Flow Cytometric Approaches[OL].[14 November 2014] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4617659

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