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1. A new species of Genus Karstia from caves in Chongqing, China (Araneae: Theridiosomatidae) | |||
DOU Liang,LIN Yucheng | |||
Biology 12 April 2012 | |||
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Abstract:A new spider species, Karstia cordata sp. nov., collected from caves of Chongqing, China, is in detail described and illustrated. Type specimens are deposited in the Zoological Museum of the School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (SCUM). | |||
TO cite this article:DOU Liang,LIN Yucheng. A new species of Genus Karstia from caves in Chongqing, China (Araneae: Theridiosomatidae)[J]. |
2. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of polyphenols from burs of Castanea mollissima Blume | |||
Yin Peipei,Zhao Shan,Siyu Chen,Jieyuan Liu,,Lingling Shi,Liu Yujun,Ma Chao | |||
Biology 26 March 2012 | |||
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Abstract:Substantial evidence suggests that phenolic extracts of Castanea mollissima Spiny burs(CMPE)increase pancreatic cell viability after STZ (streptozotocin) treatment as a result of their antioxidant properties. In the present study, the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of CMPE were studied in normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. CMPE were orally administrated at dose of 150 and 300 mg/kg twice a day for 12 consecutive days. Serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and SOD activity in liver, kidney, spleen and heart tissues were spectrophotometrically measured. In normal rats, no significant changes were observed in serum glucose, lipid profiles and tissue MDA and GSH levels after orally administration of CMPE. In diabetic rats, orally administration of CMPE at dose of 300 mg/kg caused significant decrease in serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol levels, as well as MDA and GSH levels in spleen and liver tissues. However, dosage of 300 mg/kg caused a significant body weight lose in both normal and diabetic rats. The observed effects indicated that CMPE could be further developed as potential compounds to prevent abnormal changes in blood glucose and lipid profile and to attenuate lipid peroxidation in liver and spleen tissues. | |||
TO cite this article:Yin Peipei,Zhao Shan,Siyu Chen, et al. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of polyphenols from burs of Castanea mollissima Blume[OL].[26 March 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4473103 |
3. The adenylate cyclase gene MaAC is required for virulence and multi-stress tolerance of Metarhizium acridum | |||
Liu Shuyang ,Guoxiong Peng,Yuxian Xia | |||
Biology 22 March 2012 | |||
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Abstract:Background: The efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi in pest control is mainly affected by various adverse environmental factors, such as heat shock and UV-B radiation, and by responses of the host insect, such as oxidative stress, osmotic stress and fever. In this study, an adenylate cyclase gene (MaAC) was cloned from the locust-specific entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium acridum, which is homologous to various fungal adenylate cyclase genes. RNA silencing was adapted to analyze the role of MaAC in virulence and tolerance to adverse factors from environment and host insect. Results: Compared with the wild type, the vegetative growth of the RNAi mutant was decreased in PD (potato dextrose medium), Czapek-dox and PDA plates, respectively, the cAMP levels was also reduced in PD liquid culture. Knockdown of MaAC by RNAi led to a great reduction in fungal growth in the hemolymph of locusts after injection and topical inoculation, thus demonstrating that MaAC encodes an adenylate cyclase and is required for virulence of M. acridum. Virulence assay indicated that the effect of MaAC on the virulence was mainly inside the host locust. A plate assay indicated that the tolerances of the MaAC RNAi mutant under oxidative stress, osmotic stress, heat shock and UV-B radiation was decreased compared with the wild type. Conclusion: MaAC affects virulence, primarily by fungal growth inside the insect, and is required for tolerance to oxidative stress, osmotic stress, heat shock and UV-B radiation. MaAC affects the fungal virulence via vegetative growth and tolerance against oxidative stress, osmotic stress and locust fever. | |||
TO cite this article:Liu Shuyang ,Guoxiong Peng,Yuxian Xia. The adenylate cyclase gene MaAC is required for virulence and multi-stress tolerance of Metarhizium acridum[OL].[22 March 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4471763 |
4. The binding and unwinding properties of the Bloom helicase catalytic core to the G4DNA structure | |||
LUO Heng,XU Houqiang,CAI Mingjuan,CHEN Xiang,DING Mei,LI Kun,MENG Huihui | |||
Biology 13 March 2012 | |||
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Abstract:G4DNA, which widely exists in the structure of the telomeres in normal cells, plays a pivotal part in the process of prolonging the telomere DNA by catalyzing the enzyme telomerase. Bloom (BLM) helicase, an important member of the RecQ DNA helicase family, plays an important role in DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, repair, transcription, and recombination. The unwinding of G4DNA requires DNA helicase participation, which is crucial for maintaining chromosomal stability. This study was conducted to determine the DNA-binding and unwinding properties of the BLM helicase catalytic core to G4DNA using fluorescence polarization and the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The results revealed that the BLM helicase catalytic core could bind and unwind G4DNA. The molecular affinity of G4DNA binding by the helicase was dependent on the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) terminals in the G4DNA; the helicase binds to the G4DNA where one helicase monomer covers approximately 10 nucleotides at the 3' or 5' ssDNA tail. The unwinding of G4DNA was dependent on the presence of a 3' ssDNA tail and ATP; the G4DNA with only a 3' ssDNA tail was the most favorable substrate to be unwound by the BLM helicase catalytic core, and required 3' ssDNA tails of at least 10 nt in length for efficient unwinding. The blunt-ended G4DNA was loosely bound and partly unwound by the helicase catalytic core. The experimental results presented are beneficial to further the understanding the functionality of BLM helicase in cells. | |||
TO cite this article:LUO Heng,XU Houqiang,CAI Mingjuan, et al. The binding and unwinding properties of the Bloom helicase catalytic core to the G4DNA structure[OL].[13 March 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4471423 |
5. Comparative transcriptome analysis between insect-resistant cotton and non-transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in response to salt stress | |||
Fangjiao Xu,Mingliang Jia,Junli Feng,Ying Liang,Yanjun Liang,Jishuang Chen | |||
Biology 12 March 2012 | |||
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Abstract:Insect-resistant cotton is one of the main transgenic crops in the world. High salinity immensely limits insect-resistant cotton growth and productivity. To determined genes in response to salt stress and clarify reasons of transcription level changes caused by insect-resistant factor, gene expression microarray was used to monitor the differentially expressed genes in insect-resistant cotton CCRI 41 and non-transgenic cotton CCRI 23. Microarray analysis showed that 2341 genes were up-regulated and 3073genes were repressed in CCRI 41 exposed for 24 h to 200 mM NaCl. A total of 7674 salt-resistant genes of CCRI 23 were identified, the expression levels of 2341 genes were enhanced, and the transcript levels of 4718 genes were decreased by 200 mM NaCl. Gene ontology of annotated genes revealed that some of the salt responsive genes involved to important processes as the response to osmotic stress, abscisic acid stimulus and reactive oxygen species were induced by the NaCl treatment. Comparative transcriptome analysis between CCRI 41and CCRI 23 in response to salt stress exhibited that toxin catabolic process and regulation strategy of DNA level played important role in response to salt stress. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to validate 4 selected salt responsive genes. This work represents the first study in disclosing the possible molecular evidence that insect-resistant cotton have weak tolerance against NaCl stress. Comparative transcriptome analysis will assist in laying a foundation for cultivating of insect-resistant and salt-resistant cotton. | |||
TO cite this article:Fangjiao Xu,Mingliang Jia,Junli Feng, et al. Comparative transcriptome analysis between insect-resistant cotton and non-transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in response to salt stress[OL].[12 March 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4471217 |
6. Bioinformatics and expression analysis of the amino acid transporter gene family (OsAAT) in rice | |||
CAI Hongmei | |||
Biology 09 March 2012 | |||
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Abstract:Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important limiting factors for plant growth and development. Amino acids are the major source of organic N, which is converted from inorganic N absorbed by plant roots from the soil. Amino acid transporters are the principal mediators of organic N distribution and important regulators of resource allocation in plants. Although the complete genomic sequence of rice has already been released, there is still little known about amino acid transporter genes in rice. In this study, 79 OsAAT genes were identified by a database search of the rice genome based upon HMM profiles. A bioinformatics analysis of the complete set of OsAAT genes is presented, including chromosomal location, phylogenetic analysis, gene structure, protein analysis, conserved motifs, protein structures and cis-element analysis of the promoters. In addition, the comprehensive expression profile of OsAAT genes in rice tissues/organs under N starvation conditions was investigated by real-time PCR analysis. Diverse expression patterns of OsAAT genes indicated diverse biological functions of the amino acid transporters and the important roles of OsAAT genes in N uptake, metabolism and distribution during N starvation. | |||
TO cite this article:CAI Hongmei. Bioinformatics and expression analysis of the amino acid transporter gene family (OsAAT) in rice[OL].[ 9 March 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4470810 |
7. Transcription analysis of rice under nitrogen starvation | |||
CAI Hongmei,LU Yongen,LIAN Xingming | |||
Biology 08 March 2012 | |||
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Abstract:Nitrogen is an essential mineral nutrient required for plant growth and development. Insufficient nitrogen (N) supply triggers extensive physiological and biochemical changes in plants. In this study, we used Affymetrix GeneChip rice genome arrays to analyze the dynamics of rice transcriptome under N starvation. N starvation induced or suppressed transcription of 3,518 genes, representing 10.88% of the genome. These changes, mostly transient, affected various cellular metabolic pathways, including stress response, primary and secondary metabolism, molecular transport, regulatory process and organismal development. 462 or 13.1% transcripts for N starvation expressed similarly in root and shoot. Comparative analysis between rice and Arabidopsis identified 73 orthologous groups that responded to N starvation, demonstrated the existence of conserved N stress coupling mechanism among plants. | |||
TO cite this article:CAI Hongmei,LU Yongen,LIAN Xingming. Transcription analysis of rice under nitrogen starvation[OL].[ 8 March 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4470665 |
8. Two novel antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of the frog, Rana nigrovittata | |||
Liu Xiuhong,Liu Rui,Wei Lin,Yang Hailong,Zhang Keyun,Liu Jingze,Lai Ren | |||
Biology 21 February 2012 | |||
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Abstract:Two novel antimicrobial peptides with similarity to brevinin-2 family are purified and characterized from the skin secretions of the frog, Rana nigrovittata. Their amino acid sequences were determined as GAFGNFLKGVAKKAGLKILSIAQCKLSGTC (brevinin-2-RN1) and GAFGNFLKGVAKKAGLKILSIAQCKLFGTC (brevinin-2-RN2), respectively, by Edman degradation. Different from brevinin-2,which is composed of 33 amino acid residues (aa), both brevinin-2-RN1 and -RN2 contain 30 aa. Five cDNA sequences (Genbank accession numbers, EU136465-9) encoding precursors of brevinin-2-RN1 and -RN2 were screened from the skin cDNA library of R. nigrovittata. These precursors are composed of 72 aa including a predicted signal peptide, an acidic spacer peptide, and a mature brevinin-2-RN. Both brevinin-2-RN1 and -RN2 showed strong antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The current work identified and characterized two novel antimicrobial peptides with unique primary structure. | |||
TO cite this article:Liu Xiuhong,Liu Rui,Wei Lin, et al. Two novel antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of the frog, Rana nigrovittata[OL].[21 February 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4465356 |
9. A tripartite dsRNA virus infecting Raphanus sativas which represents a new taxon of Chrysoviridae | |||
LIU Jianning,LI Liqiang,XU Aixia,WANG Ting,ZHU Xiwu,CHEN Jishuang | |||
Biology 16 February 2012 | |||
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Abstract:The family Chrysoviridae consists of a single genus chrysovirus infecting fungi. Its genome comprises four monocistronic dsRNAs with the largest dsRNA encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and the other three encoding coat protein, putative protease and a protein with unknown function respectively. In recent years, more and more genome segments-various tentative chrysoviruses have been reported in fungi. In this study, we report a plant tripartite chrysovirus infecting Raphanus sativus. Its entire genome was determined used the modified single primer amplification technique. Sequence analysis revealed that the virus genome is comprised of three dsRNA segments with the sizes of 3638, 3517 and 3299 bp respectively. Each dsRNA segments has a unique sequence and contains a single major open reading frame. In silico analysis revealed that the largest dsRNA encodes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and the other two encode coat protein and putative protease, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis of all available chrysoviruses revealed that RasCV1 together with AmaCV formed a new taxon infecting plants, which is closely related to representative chrysoviruses infecting fungi. In addition, the variety of the chrysovirus genome organization is discussed. | |||
TO cite this article:LIU Jianning,LI Liqiang,XU Aixia, et al. A tripartite dsRNA virus infecting Raphanus sativas which represents a new taxon of Chrysoviridae[OL].[16 February 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4466779 |
10. Thermal stability and unfolding pathways of Sso7d and its mutant F31A by molecular dynamics simulation | |||
Xu Xianjin,Wang Cunxin | |||
Biology 13 February 2012 | |||
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Abstract:The thermo-stability and unfolding behaviors of a small hyperthermophilic protein Sso7d as well as its single-point mutation F31A are studied by molecular dynamics simulation at temperatures of 300 K and 500 K. Simulations at 300 K show that the F31A mutant displays a much larger flexibility than the wild type, which implies that the mutation obviously decreases the protein’s stability. High temperature simulations at 500 K suggest that the unfolding of these two proteins evolves along different pathways. For the wild-type protein, the C-terminal alpha-helix is melted at the early unfolding stage, whereas it is destroyed much later in the unfolding process of the F31A mutant. Thus, the mutant unfolds faster than its parent protein. Besides, it is found that the triple-stranded antiparallel -sheet in the wild-type protein plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the entire structure. | |||
TO cite this article:Xu Xianjin,Wang Cunxin. Thermal stability and unfolding pathways of Sso7d and its mutant F31A by molecular dynamics simulation[OL].[13 February 2012] http://en.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4466109 |
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